抑郁青少年的人际交互心理治疗

青少年抑郁症患者的人际交互心理治疗是建立在人际心理理论基础之上,具有循证医学理论依据的心理治疗方法。在国外经过二十多年的发展,抑郁症青少年人际交互心理治疗（IPT—A）在可信度和接受度方面优于其他疗法,并形成了理论基础、适用标准、治疗过程、治疗策略、实证效果等一系列较为完备的体系。     

网络信任的原则及对青少年网络活动的影响

当前关于青少年网络使用正负影响的研究已经很多,但却很少有学者从信任的 角度来研究这一问题,本文将从人际信任的层而,探讨青少年在网络中的不同人际信任与其网络使用正负影响的关系,为社会以及青少年自身以正确的方式看待或参与网络人际交往提出一些有益的建议。     

不同心理治疗流派对移情的理解与运用

移情作为一个重要的心理学概念,已经被各个心理治疗流派接纳和运用.精神分析学派对移情进行了全面深入的研究,对其运用达到了登峰造极、炉火纯青的地步;认知行为学派越来越重视潜意识、领悟、早期经历和治疗关系,在实际治疗中已经利用移情来改变来访者的不合理图式,尽管他们更愿意使用行为术语来表达移情;人本主义学派不但重视真实的关系.也开始重视转移过来的移情关系,通过处理移情关系展开治疗,尽管他们并不认为移情比其他技术更重要.可见,移情的理论和技术已经成为各种心理治疗流派的共同工具,发挥了越来越大的作用,它不但促进了心理治疗理论和技术的发展,也促进了心理治疗流派的融合.     

日本社会的“个人化”:心理文化视角的考察

上世纪80年代以来出现的"实质性的个人化",对日本人的亲密圈子和人际关系模式产生了重要影响。日本社会"个人化"既有作为现代社会普遍趋势的"个人化",也有作为日本"基本人际状态"变化意义上的、带有日本特点的"个人化"。后一种意义上的"个人化",是造成日本高自杀率和抑郁症患者增多、青少年自闭者和"自我萎缩"者增加以及"熟年离婚"等日本特有现象增加的重要原因。     

中国社会工作情境下叙事治疗的理论技术应用及其可推广性研究

叙事治疗作为社会工作实践的一种新范式，为社会工作在中国本土情境下的临床实务提供了一种新兴的心理治疗取向。叙事治疗摆脱了传统心理治疗模式重视诊断案主问题、以问题为导向的治疗观念，通过解构和建构案主的偏差叙事，寻找例外等治疗技巧，增强了案主在治疗过程中的内在动力和治疗成效。本文重点探讨的就是在中国社会工作情境下，叙事治疗在微观层面上如何实现理论技术的本土化操作，以及在宏观层面上的推广可能性分析。     

家庭治疗的心理学基础

两年多以前,苏联教育科学院普通心理学和教育心理学科学研究所与莫斯科大学心理系联合建立家庭心理疗法咨询中心。中心的全体成员正在A·A·鲍达列夫教授和本人的领导下,深入研究理论问题和具体方法问题,同时也为来中心咨询的人提供具体的心理治疗。该中心开展工作以来已经有5,000多人来访。该中心的工作人员不仅就家庭中的某些复杂情况出些主意或想些办法,还进行复杂的家庭关系心理矫正工作或非医学的心理治疗。本文专门探讨心理治疗的理论基础。     

交互分析理论模式及其在社会工作中的运用、

交互分析模式自20世纪50年代诞生以来，在西方社会工作领域运用较为广泛。本文旨在系统介绍该理论模式，从其理论基础出发重点分析该模式中映射人际关系的三个“自我状态”，即父母、成人和儿童，及其相互污染和排斥的情况和互补、交叉、隐藏三种交互形态。由于交互分析理论的相关概念架构浅显易懂，其应用性颇广。近几年来，交互分析不断与时俱进，并伴随着其理论的发展，其模式运用也已不仅仅局限于个体内在心理层面的分析了，而是更多地关注和结合外在因素的作用，并致力于协助案主的自我重塑。     

人际行为三维理论

人际行为三维理论是以人际需要理论为基础阐述人际关系的形成、取向类型以及群体聚散过程特征的理论,其主要代表是舒茨。这个理论有三点主要的假设:1.     

叙事治疗理论及其社会工作实践

叙事治疗已成为当下比较流行的社会工作实践新范式,其主要理论基础是后现代主义的社会建构主义。社会建构主义认为人们的周围存在着多重的现实,视乎人们以怎样的方式进行建构。叙事疗法则在这种理论的指导下,使人们解构他们生活现实和关系的意义,并指出现实和内化的自我故事之间的差异,从而帮助人们解决问题。本文首先回顾了叙事治疗的理论渊源,总结叙事治疗理论的主要观点,并介绍了其在青少年社会工作和家庭社会工作中的运用,在此基础上提出相应评析。     

试论净化人际环境

人际环境是由人与人之间的关系所构成的社会环境。它在本质上决定着人们社会行为的心理品质或特征。如果能够了解到一个具体的人际环境的特征,就可以进一步为认清以人际环境特征为背景的社会心理品质或结构特征奠定坚实的基础。研究人际环境的目的,是为了净化人际环境,从而为社会的稳定和发展做出有意义的探索。一、人际环境现状人际关系是复杂错综的,它包括人际间的政治关系、经济关系、伦理关系、价值认同关系(或称信仰     

Interpersonal skills scale: Development and validation in urbanized sample of adolescents

Interpersonal skills play a vital role in the growth and development of adolescents. The current study explored the experience and manifestation of interpersonal skills in Pakistani adolescents. In phase I, using open‐ended phenomenological approach, key components of interpersonal skills were elicited from 32 adolescents (boys = 16; girls = 16) aged 11–19 years (M = 14.48; SD = 1.06). In phase II, Content Validity Index for items (I‐CVIs) and scale (S‐CVI) was established. In phase III, pilot testing was carried out on 21 adolescents (boys = 11; girls = 10). In Phase IV, a sample of 674 adolescents (boys = 47%; girls = 53%) aged 11–19 years (M = 14.88; SD = 1.33) were tested for psychometric properties of Interpersonal Skills Scale along with Social Intelligence Scale for Adolescents and Self‐Esteem Scale for Children. Exploratory Factor Analysis (n = 221) generated three factors of the Interpersonal Skills Scale social engagement, sociability, and social etiquettes. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (n = 453) also supported the three‐factor structure of the Interpersonal Skills Scale. Furthermore, the scale found to have high internal consistency, construct validity, discriminant validity, split‐half reliability, and test–retest reliability. The results are discussed in the light of factorial structure in the Pakistani cultural context.     

The Adjustment of Long Term Homeless Youth

This study investigated self image, depression, hopelessness and locus of control in 30 adolescents who had lived away from home for at least six months, together with relationships between maladjustment and poor experiences at home and at school prior to leaving home. Comparisons were made with 120 adolescents living at home who were employed, unemployed, at school or at tertiary institutions. It was found that the homeless youth were more depressed and hopeless, with poorer self image than all groups excepting unemployed adolescents. Maladjustment was correlated with negative home and school experiences. These results are discussed in terms of the debate between psychological and sociological approaches to runaway behaviour, as well as the need for assessment and treatment services to be provided for long term homeless youth.     

Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy: an effective and evidence-based treatment – comments in response to Mercer and Pignotti

This paper describes the evidence base for Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy as an evidence-based, empirically validated, and effective family-therapy treatment for children with reactive attachment disorder and complex trauma. It is in response to a note by Mercer, Pennington, Pignotti, & Rosa. to our previous paper describing the evidence-base of Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy. The paper summarizes the extensive empirical literature that describes the effectiveness of such dimensions of Dyadic Develop-mental Psychotherapy as affect arousal and regulation, gradual expo-sure to trauma, parent education and consultation, explaining how the past may be continuing to affect present behaviour, forming and maintaining a therapeutic relationship through therapist acceptance, affirmation, empathy and various other dimensions. The paper presents several generally accepted criteria for determining evidence-based practice and evidence-based treatment and demonstrates how Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy meets those criteria. These criteria include those developed by Saunders et al ., the UK National Health Services system, and the US Preventative Services Task Force system for ranking the quality of evidence. Finally, the paper responds to specific points raised by Mercer et al. indicating those with which we agree and those with which we disagree.     

Emotion Socialization in the Context of Risk and Psychopathology: Mother and Father Socialization of Anger and Sadness in Adolescents with Depressive Disorder

This study examined parental emotion socialization processes associated with adolescent unipolar depressive disorder. Adolescent participants (N = 107; 42 boys) were selected either to meet criteria for current unipolar depressive disorder or to be psychologically healthy as defined by no lifetime history of psychopathology or mental health treatment and low levels of current depressive symptomatology. A multi‐source/method measurement strategy was used to assess mothers’ and fathers’ responses to adolescent sad and angry emotion. Each parent and adolescent completed questionnaire measures of parental emotion socialization behavior, and participated in meta‐emotion interviews and parent‐adolescent interactions. As hypothesized, parents of adolescents with depressive disorder engaged in fewer supportive responses and more unsupportive responses overall relative to parents of non‐depressed adolescents. Between group differences were more pronounced for families of boys, and for fathers relative to mothers. The findings indicate that parent emotion socialization is associated with adolescent depression and highlight the importance of including fathers in studies of emotion socialization, especially as it relates to depression.     

Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy: an evidence-based treatment for children with complex trauma and disorders of attachment

Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy (DDP) is a family therapy treatment based on Attachment Theory. It is an integration of several approaches, methods and techniques that have a strong evidence base. The approach was originally developed to treat children with disorders of attachment and has been shown to be effective. It has since been more broadly used to help families with a variety of difficulties, including complex trauma. This paper outlines the primary principles and components of DDP and the evidence to support the effectiveness of the components and, therefore, of DDP.     

The juvenile court: An uneasy partnership of law and social work

The Interpersonal World of the Infant: A View From Psychoanalysis and Developmental Psychology. Daniel N. Stern. (New York: Basic Books, 1985.)

The Changing Family Life Cycle: A Framework for Family Therapy. Elizabeth A. Carter and Monica McGoldrick (Eds.). (New York and London: Gardner Press, 1988.)

Self Psychology in Clinical Social Work. Miriam Elson. (New York: W.W. Norton &; Co., 1986.), and The Kohut Seminars on Self Psychology and Psychotherapy with Adolescents and Young Adults. Miriam Elson (Ed.). (New York: W.W. Norton &; Co., 1987.)

Feminist Family Therapy: A Casebook. Thelma Jean Goodrich, Cheryl Rampage, Barbara Ellman, and Kris Halstead. (New York: W.W. Norton &; Co., 1988.)

The Alcoholic Family. Peter Steinglass, M.D. with Linda Bennett, Ph.D., Steven Wolin, M.D. and David Riess, M.D. (New York: Basic Books, 1987.)     

Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy is not 'evidence-based': comments in response to Becker-Weidman and Hughes

A recent paper claimed that Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy (DDP), a mental-health intervention for children, was an evidence-based treatment (EBT). We discuss the meaning of the EBT term and the accuracy of this claim, and conclude that DDP does not meet the criteria that would allow it to be called evidence-based. We note other problems with this research report and suggest ways in which the authors could provide better support for their claim and make it easier for others to attempt independent replications.     

Behavioural Approaches to Child Care

Summary One approach to child care found to be of value elsewhere inthe world has been the use of techniques of behaviour modification.Although application of the behavioral model has generated anever expanding variety of techniques of intervention with children,the use of the model in this country has perhaps been limitedby the failure of residential care workers to draw a clear distinctionbetween the technology and the practice of behaviour modification,a failure which may have been compounded by the highly technicalnature of much of the literatue. An analysis of the context in which behavioural techniques arepractised in the United States and Canada shows that the highlevel of technical competence developed in various programmeswith adolescents and children has been the product of highlyfunded and carefully researched treatment projects. If the behaviouralmodel is to be developed as a basis for intensive and effectiveintervention in the lives of disadvantaged, disturbed childrenand adolescents in this country, it will be essential to gofurther than simply attempting to replicate the techniques describedand evaluated from American projects. Substantial resourceswill have to be devoted to evaluation of the context and practiceof specific treatment techniques and the development of appropriatetraining as well as the development of techniques themselves.     

The social adaptation of multiple sclerosis patients 1

According to the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Puzzachera, 2013), there were approximately 1.47 million arrests of juveniles in the United States reported in 2011, including 68,150 serious violent crimes and 190,000 simple assaults. These data demonstrate that violent crimes are a significant national issue. Past studies have indicated that court-involved and delinquent adolescents frequently report a history of trauma symptoms and exposure to violence. The goal of this article is to present a framework for practice with court-involved youth that reflects the intersection of literature on adolescent development, trauma, and court-involved youth. Improving our understanding of the influence that trauma has on court-involved adolescents will support our ability to better understand the needs of this population in terms of treatment and crime prevention. This article presents a trauma-specific context for addressing the needs of court-involved youth from developmental, neurobiological, and trauma informed perspectives. One of the central components of this article is the inclusion of the TARGET model, a research-informed exemplar for the treatment of adjudicated adolescents who have histories of trauma. A review of the literature is followed by the presentation of a case composite vignette that exemplifies the need for a trauma-informed approach to working with court-involved adolescents.