社会工作介入孤残儿童家庭寄养工作的空间

自90年代以来,福利院集体照顾模式已无法满足社会发展的需要。1999年国家民政部正式提出有关儿童社会福利改革的思想,并明确提出改变集中供养模式的指针。家庭寄养工作自开展以来,在全国各地得到广泛的响应。本文通过对已有研究的回顾,立足我国家庭寄养工作的现实情况,指出了家庭寄养工作面临的问题,探讨了社会工作在我国孤残儿童家庭寄养工作中的介入空间。     

湖北宜昌市儿童福利院:完善寄养评估体系

宜昌市儿童福利院自2005年开展家庭寄养工作以来,旨在为孤残儿童提供最适合成长的家庭环境,享受家的温暖,健康成长。此次新家庭寄养流程的规划,不仅更加完善了家庭寄养的服务水平,更有望于在筛选家庭和寄养儿童的过程中,通过科学的寄养方法和亲情养育双效培育模式,让儿童真正获得利益最大化。     

家庭寄养儿童案例分析与反思

随着社会福利社会化的推进,家庭寄养作为一种新型现代的儿童养育方式正在儿童福利院推广发展起来,宁夏儿童福利院自2001年开展孤残儿童家庭寄养模式以来,至今已经成功地寄养了124名孤残儿童。本文选取家庭寄养较成功的个案进行详细分析,从社会工作专业的角度,思考总结孤残儿童在寄养家庭中的适应、改变过程,反思家庭寄养对福利院、寄养家庭的影响以及对社会工作者的专业服务要求,从而促进儿童福利院家庭寄养模式的发展与完善。     

昆明市儿童福利院:勇创“昆明模式”堪称全国典范

昆明市儿童福利院孤残儿童家庭寄养项目实施以来，以“孤残儿童利益最大化”为原则，秉承“政府出资、社会支持、家庭寄养、统一监护”的宗旨，构建了家庭寄养工作三级监护网络，实现了孤残儿童由生存型向发展型的转变，寄养工作由被动管理向主动服务的转变，实现了寄养项目的本土化，形成了具有鲜明人文特色的农村家庭寄养模式一“昆明模式”，堪称全国一面旗帜!     

孤残儿童家庭寄养实践与探索

成都市儿童福利院自2000年开展孤残儿童家庭寄养工作以来,将"以人为本"的理念贯穿寄养工作的始终,力求通过家庭的滋养和关爱促进孤残儿童身心的健康发展.以提高寄养儿童的护理、教育、康复为突破点,以加强科学管理为立足点,以队伍建设为保障点,认真落实<家庭寄养管理暂行办法>,推进家庭寄养规范化开展.     

宿迁市市直民政系统干部职工带头购买福利彩票

自1998年正式在中国开展家庭寄养工作以来,“英国关爱儿童”已经先后成功地和38家儿童福利院开展了良好的合作。2009年5月26日到27日,关爱儿童组织将联合其中国合作伙伴中国社会工作协会举行关爱儿童10年家庭寄养工作论坛。除了安排各院领导及寄养工作负责人之外,这将是一个经验总结和分享成就的大会。     

规范家庭寄养管理 保障儿童基本权益——解读《家庭寄养管理办法》

正【政策出台】2014年9月14日,民政部部务会议通过了《家庭寄养管理办法》,办法自2014年12月1日起施行,2003年颁布的《家庭寄养管理暂行办法》(以下简称《暂行办法》)同时废止。【出台背景】家庭寄养是我国上世纪九十年代,开始探索开展的一种新型的孤残儿童养育模式,在促进寄养儿童健康成长、深化儿童福利制度改革方面发挥了积极作用。2003年,民政部制定了《家庭寄养管理暂行办法》,将这种替代家庭养育模式予以制度化、规范化。2012年,民     

推进专业化发展 提升家庭寄养水平——2002孤残儿童养育与家庭寄养研讨会综述

孤残儿童家庭寄养作为机构养育的替代模式之一,在民政部的推动下,已经在全国各地推广,并形成了不同的工作模式。家庭寄养工作专业化是家庭寄养工作规范化发展的必然要求,也标志着家庭寄养工作水平的提升。     

《儿童家庭寄养管理办法》调研总报告

1 引言 我国现代意义上的孤残儿童家庭寄养始自上个世纪90年代初期,北京、安徽、上海、山西、云南、吉林、四川等地逐步开展了家庭寄养,迄今已有10余年,家庭寄养这种新的安置模式已经得到广泛的认可。特别是2000年,各地民政部门按照全国社会福利社会化会议的精神,结合本地实际,大力推动家庭寄养工作,全国的家庭寄养工作已经得到迅速发展。为了保证家庭寄养工作的顺利开展,各地行政部门或儿童福利机     

推进专业化发展 提升家庭寄养水平

孤残儿童家庭寄养作为机构养育的替代模式之一，在民政部的推动下，已经在全国各地推广，并形成了不同的工作模式。家庭寄养工作专业化是家庭寄养工作规范化发展的必然要求，也标志着家庭寄养工作水平的提升。     

Group Work with Natural Parents in Permanency Planning

Group work with parents of children in foster care has good potential as a complement to casework services in permanency planning. An underused social work service in child welfare, group work has rarely been provided to natural parents. It can be utilized differentially along the foster care continuum from needs identification through aftercare to provide parents information, support and training specific to foster care. Reports of group work services for abusing parents, parents of children in residential treatment and special programs for natural parents provide relevant information for design of group work with natural parents. An example of a group of parents whose children are in foster home placement is presented. Special considerations for providing group services to natural parents are highlighted. Group work appears to have positive effects on the providing agency as well as on parent group participants. Issues regarding group work in permanency planning include the risk of its misuse through agency-imposed agendas and/or agency determined timetables for individual and group development. It will be helpful to study what group services with which parents at which points in the foster care continuum assist permanency planning efforts.     

What is a family? Constructions of family and parenting after a custody transfer from birth parents to foster parents

The subject of stability for children in long‐term foster care is an emerging field within social work with vulnerable children. In Sweden, the adoption of foster children is not a common occurrence. Instead, when a child has been placed in foster care for 3 years, the local social welfare committee will consider whether the custody of the child should be transferred to the foster parents regardless of the circumstances of the birth parents, in order to secure stability and a sense of family belonging. Consequently, custody transfers raise questions such as “who is family?” and “who is a parent?” This qualitative interview study with custodians and young people who have experienced custody transfer highlights that who counts as family and as a parent is ambiguous. This article draws attention to how negotiations about family and parenthood revolve around biological, emotional, and relational dimensions. Furthermore, we show that stability for children in care has to be understood in terms of processes over time and not as the result of a single decision of custody transfer. Consequently, social workers need to take several aspects into account when they assess family belonging and stability for children in foster care.     

Achieving permanency for youth in foster care: assessing and strengthening emotional security

For some youth in foster care, the closest family or family‐like relationships are with the foster parents with whom they have lived for extended periods of time. Nonetheless, child welfare agencies often do not explore these relationships and the potential they may hold for youth for legal permanence through adoption or guardianship. Recognizing that social workers often lack resources to help them initiate permanency conversations, Casey Family Services, a direct service child welfare agency in the USA, developed a tool that social workers can use to explore youth's sense of emotional security with their foster parents and foster parents' sense of claiming and attachment with youth in their care. The research literature that suggests that emotional security is a critical component of successful permanence provided the foundation for the development of the Belonging and Emotional Security Tool (BEST). When used with youth and foster parents, the BEST was found to advance meaningful permanency conversations. The authors provide case examples of its use and discuss future directions for using the BEST and broadening its application.     

强化社会工作协调人职能,增进福利机构专业化进展

福利服务专业化成为福利机构发展的总体趋势。21世纪以来,社会工作作为社会福利专业化的重要推动力普遍走进社会福利领域。在推动社会福利服务专业化进程中,如何发挥其积极功能是社会工作实践探索的重点。本文从强化社会工作协调人职能的角度,探讨社会工作推动福利机构专业化的方式。     

强化社会工作协调人职能,增进福利机构专业化进展

福利服务专业化成为福利机构发展的总体趋势。21世纪以来,社会工作作为社会福利专业化的重要推动力普遍走进社会福利领域。在推动社会福利服务专业化进程中,如何发挥其积极功能是社会工作实践探索的重点。本文从强化社会工作协调人职能的角度,探讨社会工作推动福利机构专业化的方式。     

Factors associated with placement breakdown initiated by foster parents – empirical findings from Germany

This study investigates the effects of covariates on the probability of placement breakdown in non‐kinship family foster care. Breakdowns are distinguished according to the initiator: children, carers, foster parents and the local child welfare authorities. The children concerned had entered foster care at ages ranging from 0 to a maximum of 17 years (n = 14 171). A significantly higher risk of breakdown on the initiative of the foster parents is found in male children, children whose parents receive financial support, children whose parents were removed from the register of carers, children who were between 6 and 15 years old when they joined the foster family, children who had earlier lived in a different foster family or residential care, children from patchwork families and children whose joining of a foster family was the result of disruptive social behaviour. Two‐thirds of the children from non‐kinship family foster care who stay in the foster family was ended on the initiative of the foster parents are subsequently looked after in residential care. That is three times the rate for all terminated foster relationships. Breakdowns on the initiative of the foster parents thus indicate a high risk of unstable care history developing and accordingly necessitate prevention strategies.     

Foster Care and Permanency an Analysis of the Context for Practice

This paper is an historical analysis of foster care, exploring its linkage with the concept of permanency in the United States (a major force in defining the direction of foster care policy) and in Australia. Use of the political economy and feminist approaches highlights the extent to which the child welfare system is based on policies which enhance social inequality, while promoting a particular ideal of the nuclear family which dichotomises mothers as good or bad.     

Young people leaving care in Sweden

The transition from a placement in care to an independent life can be a problematic phase for young people. In Sweden, special care‐leaving services are almost non‐existent. What then happens to young people when they leave a placement in out‐of‐home care? This paper draws on the results of a study in which 16 young care leavers between the ages of 18 and 22 years were interviewed. Telephone interviews were also performed with the young care leavers' parents, social workers, foster carers and institutional staff. The aim of the study was to investigate how young care leavers perceive the transition from care to an independent life. The Swedish welfare model, the prolonged transition to adulthood and the family‐oriented welfare discourse have been used as analytical perspectives. The results show that young care leavers have a pronounced need for social, emotional, practical and financial support. Whilst such support is occasionally provided by foster carers and residential staff, it is seldom given by social services or biological parents. This group is at risk of facing severe problems in the transitional phase from care to independent life, a fact that is not acknowledged by the Swedish welfare system.