马坚先生译著《阿拉伯通史》三版序言及最新版后记

1979年，美国著名中东学者希提教授的《阿拉伯通史》中译本由商务印书馆首次出版，填补了当时国内相关学术领域的一个空白。事隔近三十年后，新世界出版社在对北大已故马坚教授的这个译本进行适当编辑加工的基础上，于2008年7月又重新推出这部长达75万字的阿拉伯历史鸿篇巨著。这无论对于相关的专业学习和学术研究，还是对于帮助国内读者全面准确地了解阿拉伯民族悠久丰富的历史文化，都具有一定的现实意义。     

《台湾通史》序

祖父一生的著作甚多，诸如《台湾语典》、《台湾诗乘》、《台湾通史》、《雅堂文集》……，都是大家耳热能详的．但最为祖父所自许而亦最为世所推重者，厥为《台湾通史》一书，殆无可疑。     

《阿拉伯文化基础教程》序

今年5月底，我应埃及文化最高理事会的邀请，出席了第二届“翻译、文化互动”国际研讨会。这是一次盛会，4天会议除开幕式的埃及文化部部长、文化最高理事长的致词和来宾答词外，共安排了25场讨论会，每场有4位学者发言，总计讲述了100篇论文摘要。这次研讨会，无论是规模还是质量，都给我留下深刻印象。与会代表中最多、也最活跃的，当然是埃及和阿拉伯国家的专家、教授，但也有来自美、英、法、德、瑞士、西班牙等国和我这样的中国学者。     

从《一千零一夜》看中世纪阿拉伯社会主流价值观

享誉世界文坛的中古时期的阿拉伯民间神话故事集《一千零一夜》,是一部反映中世纪阿拉伯社会最具代表性的惟一经典作品。其所反映的,是阿拉伯民族统一和民族精神的发展史,是了解和考察中世纪阿拉伯社会转型进程的一个缩影,是阿拉伯帝国处于上升发展并达到顶峰的时期,也是阿拉伯一伊斯兰文化走向繁荣并形成其主流价值观的历史过程。     

从《一千零一夜》看中世纪阿拉伯社会主流价值观

享誉世界文坛的中古时期的阿拉伯民间神话故事集<一千零一夜>,是一部反映中世纪阿拉伯社会最具代表性的惟一经典作品.其所反映的,是阿拉伯民族统一和民族精神的发展史,是了解和考察中世纪阿拉伯社会转型进程的一个缩影,是阿拉伯帝国处于上升发展并达到顶峰的时期,也是阿拉伯-伊斯兰文化走向繁荣并形成其主流价值观的历史过程.     

“天方之学”在中国的学术历程与学术精神——从王岱舆到马坚

介绍和研究被称为“天方之学”的阿拉伯-伊斯兰文化,是我国穆斯林长期传承的重要学术传统。从王岱舆(约1584-1670)到马坚(1906-1978)以来的数百年间,一代又一代的穆斯林学者,在伊斯兰文化研究领域苦苦求索,孜孜不倦,秉承爱国爱教的优良传统,把握时代脉搏,坚持与时俱进,致力于中华多元文化体系中穆斯林民族文化的建设与创新,在构建中国伊斯兰思想体系、推进中华文化与伊斯兰文化之间的相互对话、交流和融合等方面卓有建树,做出了重要奉献。梳理和总结这一传统,对于构建具有中国特色的“伊斯兰学”、“阿拉伯学”学科体系、促进当今世界的文明对话具有重要的现实意义。     

"天方之学"在中国的学术历程与学术精神——从王岱舆到马坚

介绍和研究被称为“天方之学”的阿拉伯-伊斯兰文化,是我国穆斯林长期传承的重要学术传统。从王岱舆（约1584～1670）到马坚（1906—1978）以来的数百年间,一代又一代的穆斯林学者,在伊斯兰文化研究领域苦苦求索,孜孜不倦,秉承爱国爱教的优良传统,把握时代脉搏,坚持与时俱进,致力于中华多元文化体系中穆斯林民族文化的建设与创新,在构建中国伊斯兰思想体系、推进中华文化与伊斯兰文化之间的相互对话、交流和融合等方面卓有建树,做出了重要奉献。梳理和总结这一传统,对于构建具有中国特色的“伊斯兰学”、“阿拉伯学”学科体系、促进当今世界的文明对话具有重要的现实意义。     

《当代埃及共和国社会与文化》序言

埃及是一个令人向往的国家。在世界四大文明古国中,埃及文明处于顶峰。她有文字记载的历史有5000多年,公元前4000年前后就出现了氏族公社,第一王朝约建立于公元前3000年左右。距今约4600年的高耸入云的金字塔和雄踞塔旁的狮身人面像是古埃及人劳动、智慧的结晶,是人类文明的瑰宝,是令今人驻足兴叹的历史胜地。在世界七大奇迹中,埃及的金字塔和亚历山大灯塔就占据其二。上埃及神庙之宏伟,开罗国家博物馆展出饰品之精细绚丽,恐怕3000多年后的现代人制造起来亦非易事。     

Intergenerational Relations: The Views of Older Jews and Arabs

The aim of the current qualitative study was to explore the perceptions of older Jews and Arabs on intergenerational family relations. Interviews were conducted with 20 men and women, 10 in each group, ages 65 and older. Five themes emerged from the analysis of the interviews: family is the major component of meaning of life; two dimensions of intergenerational relations: solidarity and ambivalence; intergenerational communication; filial expectations; and home and family as sources of honor and respect. Similarities and differences between the two groups were identified and explained, using modernization theory and cultural context.     

Language usage and earnings among minorities: The case of the Arabs in Israel

The paper studies the effect of the usage of the majority language by minority members on their earnings. Unlike recent studies on language proficiency, the paper deals with minorities that were not created through migration. It thereby contributes new insight into the “language component” in the decomposition of wage differentials by separating language usage from other human capital resources. The empirical study deals with three sub-groups of the Arab minority in Israel.     

Minority Adolescents' Future Orientation: The Case of Arabs Living in Israel

This study examines Arab adolescents' future orientation toward their education, family plans, economic status, and social adjustment. Arab adolescents' future orientation is of interest since, presently, Israel is experiencing major internal and external political changes. The Arabs in Israel are a non-assimilating minority. They differ from the Jewish majority in language, religion, and nationality. Previous research has shown that Arab adolescents express hope for peace and fear of war between the two peoples living in Israel. With the new peace initiatives in Israel, the future is being painted in different colors, and it is interesting to explore how Arab adolescents perceive their future, both as adolescents and as Arabs. The sample consists of 662 twelfth-grade students from seven high schools throughout Israel. The questionnaire used is a version of the Offer Self-image Questionnaire (Offer, Ostrov, & Howard, 1981), but only the findings on future orientation are analyzed in the present study. These findings show significant differences in Arab adolescents' future orientation across gender, family size, level of religiosity, and father's education. The significance of the findings is discussed in relation to the literature pertaining to adolescents' future orientation, particularly among minority groups, as well as the social, cultural, and educational transformation which the Arab population living in Israel is currently undergoing.     

阿拉伯民族的客观时间与主观时间

时间有客观、主观双重含义.人们既生活在根据自然现象划分的客观时间中,也生活在受自己生活经验和思想感情影响的主观时间中.本文探讨的就是阿拉伯人的客观时间和主观时间.     

阿拉伯民族的客观时间与主观时间

时间有客观、主观双重含义。人们既生活在根据自然现象划分的客观时间中,也生活在受自己生活经验和思想感情影响的主观时间中。本文探讨的就是阿拉伯人的客观时间和主观时间。     

Elder Abuse in a Land of Tradition: The Case of Israel's Arabs

ABSTRACT

This study attempted to assess the scope and nature of elder abuse and neglect in one traditional group currently undergoing change: the Arabs in Israel. One hundred and twenty-eight human service and health professionals in northern Israel were asked to report about all cases of elder abuse and neglect they had encountered for a period of 18 months prior to the study. Findings showed that overall Arab elders in Israel have a 2.5% rate of abuse and neglect (excluding self neglect). This figure is somewhat lower than that reported in the literature for either developed or developing societies. Rates were higher in urban areas, somewhat lower in suburban areas, and lowest in isolated villages. These results lend some support to modernization theories of aging and elder abuse. The profile of the abused elder is not significantly different from that of his Western counterpart. Among alleged perpetrators, however, sons and daughters-in-law rank highest, reflecting cultural patterns in some traditional societies. The article makes some early recommendations in the area of worker training and service enhancement.     

Election 2016 Postscript: Blurred Realities and Why Liberals Lost

Two professors of social work debate the dynamics of the 2016 presidential election sharing opposing views of President Obama’s message integrity and the electorate’s search for a candidate more “real.”     

译后记

这是我第二次翻译埃及侯赛因·卡米勒·巴哈丁博士的著作.他的上一本书<无身份世界中的爱国主义--全球化的挑战>,是2000年5月他以教育部长身份访华时,与埃及前驻华大使努·贾拉勒博士一起当面委托我翻译的.在教育部国际合作与交流司的支持下,于2001年9月出版,2002年秋,陈至立部长访埃,还曾将中译本作为礼品之一带去,受到他的好评.<十字路口>是巴哈丁博士2003年出版的新著.他寄来5本样书,请埃及驻华大使阿里·侯夫尼和驻沪领事阿卜杜·法塔赫·安泽鼎转交,安泽鼎又于该年4月18日给了我作者委托翻译、转让版权的函件.鉴于巴哈丁博士的身份,我曾专门向教育部国际司请示,于6月5日收到同意回函.