浅析个案辅导技术实施中的操作性语言

尽管在个案工作的辅导中与服务对象建立良好的专业关系是至关重要的,但无论是何种沟通形式,要实现有效的专业服务就必须透过操作性的语言来进行。不同的操作性语言在个案辅导中显然会带来不一样的服务效果,选择合适的具有专业规范的操作性语言是每一个合格社会工作者实施专业服务必备的基本素养之一。     

老年人社会适应的社会工作介入方法操作技巧

作为注重操作性且具有完善理念和技术的专业工作方法,社会工作对老年人社会适应的介入是增进老年问题解决的有效措施。经过实践经验和理论的总结,社会工作形成了个案工作、小组工作和社区工作三大主要方法。本文从专业实务的角度解析三大主要专业方法在老年社会适应问题领域的操作性技巧。以提高社会工作专业方法在实务运用中的有效性,增进老年社会福利服务专业化发展。     

老年人社会适应的社会工作介入方法操作技巧

作为注重操作性且具有完善理念和技术的专业工作方法,社会工作对老年人社会适应的介入是增进老年问题解决的有效措施。经过实践经验和理论的总结,社会工作形成了个案工作、小组工作和社区工作三大主要方法。本文从专业实务的角度解析三大主要专业方法在老年社会适应问题领域的操作性技巧。以提高社会工作专业方法在实务运用中的有效性,增进老年社会福利服务专业化发展。     

结合案例分析游戏在儿童社会工作个案辅导中的运用

游戏是儿童表达想法和感受的重要媒介,在儿童的成长生活中占据着非常重要的地位。社会工作实务辅导有必要重视游戏对儿童的意义,将之融合进实务辅导之中。但目前我国社会工作专业领域中尚缺乏相关的理论和实践经验。本文结合自身实务经验,提出专业社工可在三个层面借鉴西方儿童游戏治疗理论的经验,指导个案辅导中的游戏运用,以期可以促进儿童个案社会工作实务的新发展。     

结合案例分析游戏在儿童社会工作个案辅导中的运用

游戏是儿童表达想法和感受的重要媒介,在儿童的成长生活中占据着非常重要的地位。社会工作实务辅导有必要重视游戏对儿童的意义,将之融合进实务辅导之中。但目前我国社会工作专业领域中尚缺乏相关的理论和实践经验。本文结合自身实务经验,提出专业社工可在三个层面借鉴西方儿童游戏治疗理论的经验,指导个案辅导中的游戏运用,以期可以促进儿童个案社会工作实务的新发展。     

个案工作中的专业关系：溯源及在中国情境下的再构

专业关系是个案工作顺利开展的基础,也是达成服务目标的重要保障。目前我国个案服务中社会工作者和案主往往不自觉地形成与专业关系相对的非专业关系,时常对服务效果造成负面影响,阻碍服务的有效开展。本文溯源了个案工作专业关系形成与发展历程;并基于差序格局及关系向度理论,从传统文化及现实制度两个角度解释个案工作中非专业关系的形成机理。同时,基于承认的第三方评估合法性概念框架的指导下,从以评促建出发,探讨专业关系的再构及从非专业关系走向专业关系的实现机制,为促进政府购买服务中社会工作者和案主之间的良性互动、提升个案工作实践服务效果提供中国情境下的理论依据。     

建立社会工作专业戒毒辅导网站的可行性研究

社会工作专业戒毒辅导网站是将社会工作的专业知识与网络技术结合,为网上吸毒者特别是隐性吸毒者及其家属提供专业化服务的新型辅导模式,在专业理念、工作方法以及服务对象和服务范围等方面具有显著优势,是对现行戒毒工作的补充和拓展,有助于提高服务的专业化水平。     

香港青协援助沉迷上网青少年的策略

为了回应资讯科技发展带来的社会问题,香港青协社工采用了不同的介入手法,展开了一连串的辅导服务,为青少年提供预防教育、小组活动及个案等多元化的服务,设定了一系列的服务策略。     

个案管理模式兴起及其在医务社会工作中的启示-以癌末病患照顾者为例

本文通过文献研究探索目前已在社会工作服务中多领域运用的个案管理的缘起、发展、以及其工作流程和组成要素,并运用问卷调查和个案访谈的专业社会工作技巧收集有关癌末患者与其照顾者所面临的困难和问题,通过将个案管理的方法运用于癌末患者临终关怀的服务中,得出个案管理能够为面临着多重困难的癌末患者及其家属提供有效、完善的服务,可以帮...     

香港青协援助沉迷上网青少年的策略

一为了回应资讯科技发展带来的社会问题,香港青协社工采用了不同的介入手法,展开了一连串的辅导服务,为青少年提供预防教育、小组活动及个案等多元化的服务,设定了一系列的服务策略。(一)正面引导,推广健康上网     

Barriers to Professional Roles in Urban Community Development

Problems in role performance for professionals engaged in research, planning, and delivery of services to low-income urban communities in the United States form the background for a discussion of class, cultural and professional perspectives and the effect of acceptance of ‘culture of poverty’ formulations. Implications for Australian health, education and social welfare programmes are considered, and it is suggested that a redefinition of professional roles may be needed to increase the effectiveness of future voluntary and governmental services aimed at lessening poverty and inequality in Australian society.     

Access to social services as a rite of integration: Power,rights, and identity

Access to social services is a multifaceted and multifactorial process, involving social policy lines, services organization, and professional front line practices. It appears to have a crucial role in how personal social services work: depending on the way the process is handled, access to social services could provide a bridge to an inclusive and solidarizing community or worsen discrimination and marginalization. Many underline how studying the actual encounters between citizens and practitioners can provide a privileged site to highlight the interconnections between the abovementioned factors. This is the focus of our research that explored access in a specific Italian region using a case study strategy. After a pilot study, the main points of access to social services were identified, and three units were selected as best examples of different approaches. The three units were explored using mainly qualitative methods inspired by ethnography. We were able to gain in depth understanding of three cultural approaches to access, defined as the “ethical duty,” the “good organization,” and the “professional approach” and reach an in‐depth understanding of their impact on access. There is a vast literature on the power of street‐level bureaucrats, seen as similar to gatekeepers. However, our research suggests that specific organizational cultures also play an important part: different organizational cultures may impact the implementation of local social policy, the organizational procedures, and social workers' practices.     

Working With LGBT Baby Boomers and Older Adults: Factors That Signal a Welcoming Service Environment

Many providers recognize the importance of creating culturally competent services for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) older adults. Although multiple resources list steps to make professional practices more LGBT-welcoming, these resources provide no empirical data to support their recommendations. LGBT older adults (N = 327) were asked to describe what signals that a provider is LGBT-welcoming. Six of the top 10 signals related to provider behavior and suggest the importance of staff training; the balance included display of signage and rainbow flags, use of inclusive language on forms and the presence of LGBT-identified staff. Results provide evidence-based recommendations for working with LGBT older adults.     

Language and Practice: Minority Language Provision within the Guardian ad litem Service

Correspondence to Richard Pugh, North East Wales Institute of Higher Education, Plas Coch, Mold, Road, Wrexham, LL11 2AW, Wales. Summary This article contends that language should be seen as an importantelement of social difference and not simply subsumed under ‘race’.While it acknowledges the complex role of language as perhapsthe most significant means by which power is exercised, theprimary focus is upon understanding language as an importantaspect of differentiation that social service agencies needto consider. The results of a survey into Welsh language provisionwithin the guardian ad litem service in Wales are describedand used to develop a discussion on language policies, linguisticawareness, and anti-discriminatory practice more generally.The article contextualizes the Welsh results within the UK andoffers suggestions as to how services might be improved. Finally,it restates the broader relevance of the study of language asa necessary element in the analysis of discrimination.     

Use of Professional and Informal Support by Black Men with Mental Disorders

This study utilized data from the National Survey of American Life to investigate the use of professional services and informal support among African American and Caribbean black men with a lifetime mood, anxiety, or substance use disorder. Thirty-three percent used both professional services and informal support, 14% relied on professional services only, 24% used informal support only, and 29% did not seek help. African American men were more likely than to rely on informal support alone. Having co-occurring mental and substance disorders, experiencing an episode in the past 12 months, and having more people in the informal network increased the likelihood of using professional services and informal supports. Marital status, age, and socioeconomic status were also significantly related to help-seeking. The results suggests potential unmet need. However, the reliance on informal support also suggests a strong protective role that informal networks play in the lives of black men.     

Improving the working environment for workers in children's welfare agencies

The working environment and workplace ecology of children's welfare agencies is important to the quality of their service provision. In the past, restructuring and professional development and training have been standard responses to changing needs and demands on children's services but have generally failed to improve the working environment. This research argues that concrete strategies can be developed from a detailed understanding of significant factors impacting on workers' satisfaction and morale. The specific stresses and rewards impacting on workers in three children's welfare services in Australia were investigated over a 12-month period to obtain preliminary information for the formulation of strategies likely to improve satisfaction and morale. The participating organizations were of different size, organizational structure, responsibilities and philosophy. Most factors identified in the study applied across the different organizations. Using a combination of journal writing, recording of critical incidents, relationship mapping and workshops, child welfare workers documented their day-to-day work experiences, outstanding events and networking activities. The narrative data were analysed using force field analysis and quasi-stationary equilibrium analysis based on a categorical framework of individual, team, organizational and political factors. Job satisfaction was strongly linked to intrinsic aspects of the work itself, that is, achieving outcomes for clients. Dissatisfaction with the job was strongly linked to organizational constraints, and strong team identification counterbalanced constraints. Largely unmentioned were political issues, professional practices and ideological and religious beliefs that undoubtedly impacted on practice. This research suggests some concrete steps to enhancing the quality of workplaces in children's welfare services.     

Social work in Israel: professional characteristics in an international comparative perspective

This article employs a comparative framework in the analysis of the professional characteristics of social work in Israel. Using the attributes and the power approaches to professions, Israeli social work is analysed according to eight variables: a protected 'trademark', monopoly over social care and delivery of services within state welfare systems, occupational autonomy, length of training and control over training, internal differentiation by levels of expertise and competence, professional organisation, a sanction-backed code of ethics, and material and symbolic rewards. The analysis reveals that Israeli social work has undergone an extensive professionalisation process and that it has characteristics that are not common in other countries. Initial explanations for this process are offered and discussed.     

The politics of case management and social work

A case study analysing the introduction of case management into British social services supports the argument that social work is constructed through political processes. In such processes, the interaction among the interests of stakeholders within service innovations influences the construction of the role of social work. Case management was introduced to Britain, but developed in three different forms: social care entrepreneurship, brokerage and multiprofessional case management, including assertive outreach. The forms adopted were affected by the political interaction of stakeholders rather than the professional possibilities offered by case management itself. Evidence for the politics of case management is drawn from analysis of professional literature, the texts of official documents and empirical research outcomes. The introduction of case management led to a debate about how the nature of social work was affected by the innovation. Three alternative views were that social work was improved, or attacked by case management, or made a valid contribution to case management as a different form of practice. It is proposed that to understand the impact of a service innovation on social work, four factors must be considered: the character of the innovation itself; the economic, political and social contexts in which it is introduced; the political and social interests of the stakeholders themselves; and the political and social processes that take place during the introduction of the innovation.     

Delayed Hospital Discharge and Mental Health: The Policy Implications of Recent Research

In 2003, the Community Care (Delayed Discharges etc.) Act introduced charges for social services departments unable to discharge patients from hospital within agreed timescales. As details of this reimbursement policy have begun to emerge, it has become apparent that the new system may also be extended to mental health services. In response, this narrative review of the literature on delayed hospital discharges and mental health reports findings from 12 studies, which raise important and timely concerns about the feasibility of reimbursement. Although a significant number of people experience delayed discharges from acute psychiatric services, the task of defining delayed discharges is complex and subjective, dependent on the professional background and seniority of the person making the judgement. Reasons behind delayed discharges are also multi‐factorial in nature and cannot be attributed to social services departments alone.