Hispanic Hospice Patients’ Experiences of End-Stage Restlessness

ABSTRACT

End-stage restlessness, or terminal agitation, is experienced by some patients during their final days and is characterized by physical, emotional, or spiritual distress, agitation or anxiety. End-stage restlessness negatively affects the patient’s death experience and can be distressing to the family and care team. Using the 2007 National Home and Hospice Care survey, this study examined factors associated with experiencing end-stage restlessness among non-Hispanic white and Hispanic hospice patients deceased at time of discharge. Results showed that being Hispanic/Latino, experiencing dyspnea, pain, and receiving palliative sedation treatment were risk factors for experiencing end-stage restlessness. The association between pain and restlessness was stronger for Hispanics compared with non-Hispanic whites. The Hispanic population remains underrepresented and little is known about the patient-centered experiences of Hispanic hospice users. Findings indicated that dying Hispanic patients continue to experience pain and other negative symptoms, even when hospice care is in place. Thus, it is important that social workers provide education to interdisciplinary team members about culturally competent practices, and advocate for a patient-centered approach to care.