社区发展与人文关怀

通过回顾作者乡村都市化、农民工、族群与族群关系、人类学的应用等几个主要研究领域,介绍了人类学如何切入中国社会的研究经验,并就相关问题进行了商讨.     

论少数民族流动人口的城市融入

少数民族流动人口能否很好融入城市社会,是关系到城市社会和谐、城市民族关系稳定的重要问题.他们在城市经历了"从流入到生存、适应再到融入"的过程,但从总体上说仍只是部分地融入城市社会.作为少数族群,他们的族群认同带有一种强烈的"选择性",极大地促进了族群内部的整合,但不利于城市社会各族群之间的融合.少数民族流动人口在不断融入城市社会的过程中,既遭到了来自社会的排斥,也在不断进行自我的限制,从而使其社会融入困难重重.应该大力构筑以融合为中心的社会政策体系,但不能对少数民族"一味"地实行保护政策,否则会形成"隔离"这种事与愿违的结果.     

西方教育领域的种族或族群优惠政策对于我国的借鉴意义——以美国“肯定性行动”为例

本文以美国"肯定性行动"为例,探讨了西方教育领域的种族或族群优惠政策的借鉴意义。美国经验说明,在各族群之间差距较大的情况下,政府可以使用带有种族或族群意识的政策进行干预,但是随着差距的缩小,这类政策必将成为过去。在政策的实施过程中,政府需要把握好尺度,以免造成"反向歧视"和"污名化"问题。此外,"肯定性行动"现阶段所遭遇到的困境说明两点;一是任何一项种族或族群优惠政策,从逐渐弱化到最终取消,都需要经历较长的过渡阶段;二是政策的定位不能只是停留在高等教育入学阶段,解决各族群在基础教育阶段的差距,才是问题的关键所在。     

冯瑜等著《“地方性”的尝试》出版

冯瑜、赵卫东、李红春著《"地方性"的尝试:云南回族特殊族群民族认同、族群关系及社会文化变迁研究》是第一本较为全面和系统地介绍云南回族特殊族群的书籍。云南地处中国西南边陲,从历史到今天都是一个人群与文化     

苗族的"蒙毕"和"蒙朵"——兼论文化人类学视野下的族群关系

以我国西部散杂区苗族内部两个族群的互动关系为视角,从文化变迁角度进行田野观察,可以得出这样的结论:即族群是在民族其下可再细分的文化变量;族群研究有学院派与田野派之分,二派之间通过采取不同的研究思路,意在更清晰地解读国内人类学学术研究范式的发展趋势。     

中国族群研究:缘起、成就及问题

本文从缘起、成就及问题三方面对中国族群研究进行了学术梳理和论述.首先,作者回顾了1990年代"族群"(ethnic group)概念及相关理论进入中国内地学术界的背景及历程;其次,对中国族群研究取得的成就进行了评述;曩后,对中国族群研究存在的问题进行了探讨.     

族群多样性与经济增长——基于经济学视角的综述

文章回顾了关于族群多样性和经济增长关系的一系列文献,由于研究对象、前提假设、指标选择上的不同,学者们得到了不同的结论。一开始的研究结论更倾向于认为族群多样性对经济增长有负面影响,但这一结论没有得到后续研究的有力支持。学者们开始转向研究族群多样性和经济增长的间接影响,以及将族群多样性看做内生变量,分析两者的关系。文章主要从以下几个方面进行了回顾总结：一是族群多样性的识别标准、测度方法;二是族群多样性影响经济增长的渠道;三是分析族群多样性对经济增长产生影响的理论基础和研究框架。最后为国内相关研究提出了几点建议。     

Ethnic group(族群)、Nation(民族)与中国的民族

本文从族群与民族概念的争论入手,揭示族群概念的引入是关于中国民族研究的深入。指出以族群替代民族是不能有效解决中国的民族问题的。由于中文"民族"一词已为民众所熟悉并在实际中不致引起误解,族群与民族可以在不同的层次上运用。     

多维的矛盾:中国图瓦人的族群建构差异

族群进行的＂划界＂行动是在特定社会历史条件下族群精英因应某种利好利用学术精英的研究成果及族群文化实践而在族群内外展开的族群建构行动。20世纪七十年代末以来中国图瓦人的＂图瓦人＂族群建构肇始于学术精英对其族源的研究以及外界的持续关注,并在族群精英、地方政府以及文化精英等的助推下延伸到了普通大众。为期一年的参与观察及问卷调查证明：中国图瓦人的族群建构有着明显的区域、性别、年龄等维度上的层次差异,并因族群建构中去蒙古化乃至试图通过国家层面吁求＂图瓦族＂民族身份的确认而引发了族群内外的多维矛盾。     

中国历史中的政治、族群与边疆:另一张隐在的面孔

本文通过对狄宇宙、韦栋主编的<中国历史中的政治边疆、族群边界以及人文地理>一书的详细解读,力图展现出西方学者对中国历史边疆族群问题研究的新方法,并期望这种新方法可以更好地为国内学者吸收发展,以形成自己的"中国边疆学派".     

Meeting / Derrida

In August 1999, Jacques Derrida gave a number of lectures and seminars in Melbourne and Sydney. The seminar of 13 August, held at Sydney's Seymour Centre Theatre, was open to the public. It consisted of a question-and-answer session with Genevieve Lloyd, David Wills, Paul Patton and Penelope Deutscher. Its title, 'Themes from Recent Work', reflected interests in the work from Specters of Marx (1994) onwards which some, including Paul Patton, have referred to as deconstruction in its affirmative phase. What follows is a by-no-means verbatim record of the event. Rather it is but one member of the audience's account of what transpired in the seminar – an account which is therefore necessarily selective and pressed through the grid of my own quasi-philosophical interests. Following this account of the seminar, I offer some marginal notes on the open discussion following the seminar, then, finally, some reflections on a particular matter discussed at the dinner which followed that – madness.     

Defining ‘real India’: representations of authenticity in independent travel

As an alternative to the stereotypical mass tourism, independent travellers – travellers who travel for extended periods on low budgets while ostensibly avoiding formalized tourist activities and locales – are invested in constructing ‘authentic’ travel experiences. Practices such as ‘off-the-beaten-track’ travel and cultural engagement provide the means by which independent travellers are able to make claims to such authenticity. Authenticity is constructed by travellers through idealizations of intimacy and non-commodification. These idealizations are tangled in narrative representations of ‘real’ India and ‘real’ Indians, their ‘real’-ness typified by an absence of other travellers, tourists and, more generally, Western contamination. In these ways, ‘authentic’ travel is dependent upon actively constructed binaries of Western travelling subjects and exotic Indian objects. Yet travellers' fantasies of the Other are fragile and subject to collapse at moments in which so-called Others articulate their subjectivity in a way that is inconsistent with travellers' expectations. Through a focus on travellers' narratives of their experience, both the requirement for an Orientalist dichotomy as well as the ruptures that continually challenge this dichotomy, will emerge.     

Oestrogen Rising 2016: Ireland’s stained and bloodied cloths

A weaver, seamstress, laundress and artist, in this essay I shall spin a yarn, tangle a web, and construct a text(ile) of the inter-weave of narrative and identity that I define as my intellectual, textual, somatic and material/visual practice obsessions. My work explores ‘the places in-between’ in the entanglements of Irish and Northern Irish gender and identity, and in the abject fabrics of death and of desire. As an Irish feminist, sense-making of the complexities, conundrums, challenges and contradictions of my land, my cloth, my body and my culture owes much to Irish women before me who fought for female suffrage, and Irish women now – north and south of the border that divides the island of Ireland – who still struggle for equality of citizenship, social justice, human rights, and full reproductive autonomy. My contention is that when we accept that Ireland herself is a many-layered cloth, a stained and bloodied cloth, a cloth marked irreversibly by history, conflict, denial and abuse, stained by its own repression, marked through denial of all its people’s rights and needs, and bloodied by its greatest export, the haemorrhage of its people, then – polemical, didactic or reflective, with more compassion, empathy, humility and heart – we just might make peace with our past.     

The changing configurations of self-(m)other dialogue in North Cyprus

This paper deals with issues of identity, nationalism, postcolonialism, and self-other relations with a focus on a period of transformative events in North Cyprus. It notes how nationalism has been the dominant means of identification for Cypriots in their modern history, and argues that unless weakened and supplanted by a radically pluralist democracy, nationalism imagines one's identity as an indivisible unity and has no place for different others within the nation. However, a pressing relationship with others and otherness is no stranger to Cypriots either, which makes it clear that the border that defines the ‘we’ of such nationalism is, at the same time, the line that divides the self intrinsically, indicating the otherness of the self or its alterity. Subjectivity involves subjection to the other.     

三江源自然保护区生态旅游开发的SWOT分析

本文就三江源自然保护区开发生态旅游产品的可行性及发展潜力,运用SWOT分析模式进行客观分析,并得出三江源开发生态旅游产品是实现该地区可持续发展的最佳途径。     

Changing patterns of mobility,citizenship and conflict in Indonesia

ABSTRACT

Mobility and migration are inherent ingredients of Indonesian cultures. In an archipelago with thousands of islands of various size, character and nature, mobility is an important means to make a living and to survive by migration. The right to free movement in Indonesia is constitutionally granted. It can create mobility and give expression to equal citizenship rights at the same time as it can trigger the enforcement of borders among cultural groups and the ethnification of local and regional politics. Mobility thus always comes along with immobility. Physical mobility of one group of people might cause immobility of another group or it might create cultural and political immobility in the same group. In places such as Eastern Indonesia, people have developed reciprocal means to integrate newcomers. Whereas the immigrants are usually disadvantaged citizens with regards to land and customary rights, those living in the area for generations have nonetheless become integral parts of quite peaceful local settings, one way or the other. The advancement of decentralization, democratization and direct elections of political representatives can lead to political empowerment, the promotion of ethnicity as election capital and changing patterns of belonging. This paper illustrates these ambivalences by looking at mobility in Indonesia more generally and how changing national policies and laws lead to reinterpretations of mobility patterns and trigger changes in relations between local population groups and existing mechanisms of cultural and political inclusion and exclusion. Butonese migrants in Maluku will here serve as a case study.     

热贡鲁若中"玛泽"与藏族历史的渊源关系

文章从历史学、宗教学、民俗学等角度,将流行于黄南藏族自治州同仁县隆务河流域的六月会主体节目之一"玛泽"的文化内涵进行了新的探讨,并就"玛泽"节目的历史和宗教渊源关系,民俗形成过程,以及对军事、生产活动中的意义提出了自己的看法.     

‘Both an Arab and a woman’: gendered,racialised experiences of female Palestinian citizens of Israel

Following feminist and postcolonial discourses, this paper uses the concept of ‘everyday experience’ as a tool to trace the social world of educated Palestinian women in Israel. The term refers to the complex array of these women's experiences in racialised and gendered social sites, as well as within the class, religious, and ethnic contexts in the subordinated group and its relations with the dominant Jewish group. Based on 108 in‐depth interviews with Palestinian women citizens of Israel, the paper claims that educated Palestinian women are located in a ‘third place’ between cultural, gender, class, national and racial structures that generates a continual ambivalence. Within this marginal, ‘unhomely’ space women negotiate their own identities and challenge dominant social definitions. Women create various modes of interim spaces and multi‐dimensional, shifting identities for themselves. The ambivalent attitudes generated by the women's experiences expose the possibility of shedding categorising markers. The omnipresent existence of the gendered, racialised regime of knowledge makes every place a potential site of subversion and resistance.     

羌族宗教信仰与藏文化的关系考察研究

岷江上游羌族宗教信仰是多元混杂的,导致这种现象的产生,既有历史的因素,又有现实的因素.历史的因素可追溯到古羌人时代,从那里我们可寻羌族宗教信仰之渊源的一些踪迹;现实的因素可从羌族地处藏彝走廊,受汉藏文化影响的现状中去采撷一些实际的表现.本文拟就羌族原始宗教信仰中的藏文化因子,羌族天神信仰与藏族民间宗教信仰的渊源,羌族和藏族有关人类起源传说的相似与区分,羌族原始宗教信仰与佛教文化的糅合等方面对羌族宗教信仰与藏文化的关系作一较为深入的考察分析.     

Identification,the exercise of democracy and the fear of the Other – the June EU referendum in the UK

ABSTRACT

The focus is the oscillation among leave voters in the EU referendum from the exercise of rights - an act of dis-identification – towards the assertion of identity as members of a British community. This was mediated by voters acting in an association of citizens calling on the equalising agency of the British people whilst claiming membership of a locally circumscribed community, perceived as injured, through entanglement with the Other prominent among them Europeans. Hence the recovery of the injured community as the object of the denunciators’ desire for identity coupled with the fear of the Other. Predicated on this was the resumption of class, gender and ethnic roles reflected in division among voters. The denunciation of togetherness with Europeans served leave voters to substitute the exercise of rights with a longing for identity. Instrumental in this was the lack of deliberation in the plebiscite to articulate the will of individual voters through a general will. The ‘direct power’ exercised enabled many to cast away their role as citizen in an attempt to claim their privileges as members of a racially and culturally demarcated British community. Paradoxically, the voters’ unashamed disavowal of their agency as citizens by seeking to restore a divided social world as the source of their identity was represented as an exercise in democracy. To some playing on words was supplemented by the use of force removing the gap between the discursive exclusion of the Other and the continued physical presence of bearers of different races and culture.