Review of the Sino-U.S. Lend-Lease Relationship During the War Against Japanese Aggression

ⅠThelend-leaserelationshipbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStatesduringtheWarAgainstJapaneseAggression(1937-1945)wasnotonlydifferentfromalend-leaserelationshipinageneralsense,blltalsodifferedfroma1lpreviousdebtrelationshipsbetweenthetwocountriesthathadealstedsinc…     

Nuclear Weapons and US Korean War Policy

朝鲜战争时期,美国政府借助核优势,对中朝方面几次发出核威胁,力图改变战场上的不利局面,实现有利于自己的和平。但朝鲜战争的结果证明,美国的核威慑不仅没有改变战场上的局面,也没有能挽回美国的败局,对中朝的行动没有起到任何作用,相反地,却使自己陷入进退两难的尴尬境地。由于受到国内、国际诸多因素的制约,美国在使用核武器方面不能不有所顾忌。最终,只能通过谈判解决问题。所谓美国的“核威慑”导致了朝鲜停战不过是美国决策者自欺欺人的一个“神话”而已,朝鲜战争再次表明了核威慑的限度。     

The Hong Kong Question During the Pacific War

TheoutbreakofthePacificWargreatlychangedthepatternofChina'sforeignrelations,andplungedChinaintoaformalalliancewiththeUnitedStatesandBritain.Nevertheless,thewardidnotandcouldnotfundamentallyalterChina,scentury-longrelationswithWesterncountries,andChinadidnotgaintrulyequalfootingwiththem.Inspiteofthecommonwarobjectiveofresistingthefascists,China,theUnitedStatesandBritainhadinterestsoftheirown,differencesandcontradictionsexistedbetweenthemovermanyquestions.AnoutstandingcaseinpointistheHongK…     

Professors and Students in China during World WarⅡ:The Political Involvement of Intellectuals during and after the War

There were in the past two main approaches to discussion of the political orientation of the intellectual community and its relations with student unrest in the Republican period, especially on the upsurge of the student movement during the civil war between the Guomindang and the Communist Party of China (CPC) (1945-1949). One was to attribute this to the leadership of the CPC, seeing it as the "second front" opened up by the CPC when the two parties were at war. The other approach was straightforward discussion of how intellectual circles promoted democracy, struggled against autocracy and gradually became estranged from the     

Introduction: Sino-US Relations during the Cold War Period

Sino-US relations are a well-studied andfruitful field in the study of foreign relationsof the People's Republic of China,partly dueto the frequent exchanges between the re-searchers of the two countries-which havehad immeasurable effects to China's acade-     

A History of the sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895

TheSino-JapaneseWarof1894-1895wasanepoch-makingeventinthehistoryofmodernChina.ThoughChinesehistorianshavemadeconsiderableachievementsinthestudyofthishistoricaleventafterthefoundingofnewChinain1949,asystematicanddetailedhistoryofthiseventhasalwaysbeensomethingtobedesired.AHistoryoftheSino-JapaneseWarof1894-1895(hereafterSinoJapaneseWar),writtenbyQiQizhang,hasblazedatrailinthisfield,pushingforwardthestudyofthisPeriod.Thebookcanbecharacterizedinfourways.Ⅰ.AWide-RangingCollectionofSoundD…     

Special Issue: The Cold War and China's External Relations

Studies on the history of international relations during the Cold War and on the history of external relations of People's Republic of China (PRC) have been two new hot topics in Chinese historiographic circles in the last decade. For a long time, studies in     

The Western Front in China's War ofResistance Against Japanese Aggression

AftertheoutbreakofthePacificWar,JapaninvadedSouthEastAsia.InFebruaryl942,ChinasentexpeditionaryforcesintoBurmatohelpBritainresisttheJapaneseattacks.However,thecampaignbytheAIliedforcestodefendBurmafaiIed.AfteroccupyingBurma,theJapaneseforcesadvancedonawav…     

Basic Conditions for Victory in the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression

The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression was a war by the Chinese people to resist the Japanese imperialist attempts to destroy China, to preserve the integrity of China's independence and sovereignty and to fight for the survival of the Chinese nation, and was thus a completely just war. But, as Chinese and world history has proved, a just     

Chinese and American Decision-making in the Korean War:A Comparative Study

50年前中国与美国在朝鲜的战争是两个大国在各自境外进行的一场大规模的局部战争,这在二战结束以后至令都是绝无仅有的。双方在朝鲜战争中的决策目标明显地都有一条类似的变化曲线。美国的目标是从决定进行军事干涉转变为越过三八线、用武力统一朝鲜,再被迫回到基本恢复战争爆发前的状态。中国是从决定抗美援朝转变为越过三八线、将联合国军逐出朝鲜半岛,再到沿三八线地区停战。这种变化从根本上说是双方均执行“战争局部化”的战略指导原则的结果,而这种战略指导原则的形成是基于中美双方对各自在朝鲜半岛的战略利益的认识、双方力量对比的状况以及它们同各自同盟国的关系等等因素。     

The Practice and Evolution of Keynesianism in Post World War Ⅱ America

KeynesianismprevailedinAmericafromtheearlypost-WorldWarIIperioduntiltheendofthe1960s.ItgaverisetoasteadygrowthintheUSeconomy,inspiteofthefactthatitwasheavilyburdenedbydeficitsformorethantwodecades,butalsothreatenedtoupsetthenationaleconomicequilibrium.Dur…     

Korean War Studies in China:A Review of the Last Decade

Considerable progress has been made in the study of the Korean War in China since the late 1970s. Its course of development can be divided into three stages.     

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虎饰品:虎虎生威的另类童话 过去每年进入腊月,窗外寒风怒吼或白雪皑皑.入夜,儿女们都甜甜地睡了,母亲却在盏盏灯下,穿针引线,忙着为孩子们绣制出一件件春节礼物--虎头鞋、虎头帽,虎形玩具等等,室外虽然寒风刺骨,室内母亲的心却是温暖如春.     

Origins of the American-Soviet Cold War and Its Impact on the Chinese Revolution

ＴｈｅＹａｌｔａＣｏｎｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｉｎＦｅｂｒｕａｒｙ 1 94 5ａｃｔｕａｌｌｙｂｒｏｕｇｈｔＣｈｉｎａｗｉｔｈｉｎｔｈｅｓｐｈｅｒｅｏｆＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅ ,ａｎｄｔｈｅＳｏｖｉｅｔＵｎｉｏｎａｌｓｏｍａｄｅｔｈｅｃｏｍｍｉｔｍｅｎｔｔｏｓｕｐｐｏｒｔＪｉａｎｇＪｉｅｓｈｉａｆｔｅｒｔｈｅｗａｒ .ＴｈｅＣｈｉｎｅｓｅｒｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｗａｓｔｈｅｒｅｆｏｒｅｆａｃｅｄｗｉｔｈａｖｅｒｙｇｒａｖｅｉｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌｓｉｔｕａｔｉｏｎ .Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ ,Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｄｉｄｎ…     

Lin Yutang's Perception of the U. S. A.

IThereweremanydramatictwistsandturnsinSino-U-S.relationsinthe40yearsfromthe1911revolutionledbyDr.SunYat-sen,whichbroughttoanendthe267-yearruleoftheQingdynasty,to1949whenChiangKaisheklefttheChinesemainlandforTaiwan.Chinawasgoingthroughaperiodofgreatchangeandtransformationunprecedentedinitsmodernhistory,andtherewasheateddebateandconflictamongChinesefromallwalksoflife,includingintellectuals,overthequestionofhowtoregardtheUnitedStates.Inthelightoftheirdifferentpositions,viewpointsandattitude…     

Special Issue: The Cold War and Sino-Soviet Relations in the 1950s Introduction

Since the last decade of the last century,research in the history of the Cold War hasentered a new stage thanks to the declassifi-cation of relevant documents in Russia andEastern European countries as well as a suc-cession of publications of material fromChinese historical archives. In this research,investigation of Sino-Soviet relations is oneof the most striking subjects.The change in Sino-Soviet relations toa considerable extent decided the fate of thesocialist camp, and directly influ…     

Chinese and Vietnamese Views on the Indo-China War: Strategic Unity and Tactical Differences

在两次印度支那战争中,中国在全力支持越南抗法及抗美斗争的同时,与越南也存在着斗争策略上的差异。上个世纪70年代中越关系出现曲折时,这些策略分歧被赋予了各种功利性的解释。但实际上,当时中越在根本战略问题上是完全一致的,那就是,越南一定要赶走法国以获取民族独立,越南一定要赶走美国以完成国家统一。分歧只是存在于怎样做才更有利于达到这一目的。越南民族独立和祖国统一的全过程已经证明了中国对形势分析的准确性和斗争策略的可行性,这是中国除人力物力大力支持外对越南民族独立和祖国统一事业的另一个巨大贡献。     

Shen Zongling:Evolution of Western Theories on Human Rights since World War Ⅱ

Fromanideologicalperspective,thereareseveraldifferenttheoriesofhumanrightsintheworldtoday.However,thetwobasictheoriesarefthatproposedbythedevelopedcapitalistcountriesoftheWest,andtheMarxist,orinthecaseofsocialistcountries,socialistviewofhumanrights.AlthoughMarxisttheoriesofhumanrightsareessentiallyacriticalcontinuationofbourgeoisthought,therearemajordifferencesfromtheviewsheldintheWest.TherearetwoothermajorcategoriesofthoughtonhumanrightsfthosetheoriesproposedbyThirdWorldnations,andtheintern…