统筹城乡发展对科技创新的需求分析研究

科技作为促进经济增长的外生力量,其在农村经济发展中的作用至关重要.只有依靠科技进步,在统筹城乡发展中树立起科技创新的观念,以软要素突破硬约束,才能有效地促进农村经济增长.因此,从统筹城乡发展角度对科技创新需求进行分析,探索科技创新对城乡统筹发展的作用具有极其重要的意义.     

推动城乡统筹发展的农业现代化路径研究

推进农业现代化是实现农村深化改革、城乡统筹发展的重要抓手。本文通过实证与对比分析,重点研究我国在城乡统筹发展中农业现代化的问题,提出农业现代化推动城乡统筹发展的对策,期望能对新一轮农业现代化发展路径有所启发。     

统筹城乡发展的理论思考

本文阐释统筹城乡发展的基本思想。统筹城乡发展的基本含义是城乡平等、协调、共同发展。统筹城乡发展必须坚持政府是统筹主体、发展是第一要义、城乡统筹兼顾、以人为本、可持续发展的基本原则。统筹城乡发展的主要内容是统筹城乡资源配置、统筹城乡产业发展、统筹城乡国民待遇。     

中国各省份城乡统筹发展水平测算——基于ANP模型

通过回顾国内有关城乡统筹研究的文献,在分析现有AHP方法、聚类分析、主因子分析方法的优点和缺点的基础上,构建了符合全面性、代表性、可比性、科学性等原则的城乡统筹发展水平评价体系并以此测算出中国大陆29省份2000—2011年的城乡统筹发展水平,最终根据测算结果进行分析并提出针对性的对策建议。     

成都市开展耕地占补平衡指标交易的做法与思考

在统筹城乡发展的过程中,成都市积极探索城乡土地统筹利用和土地收益统筹使用机制,试点开展了耕地占补平衡指标交易工作,为我国土地管理制度改革提供了新的经验。按照国土资源部徐绍史部长总结提升制度成果的要求,现对成都市探索耕地占补平衡指标交易的工作进行总结分析如下。     

破解城乡二元体制对公共服务均等化的制约路径探析

本文通过对城乡公共服务的现状进行分析,提出我国农村人口基数巨大和城乡体制分割是导致公共服务非均等化的两个关键原因,在此基础上提出坚持城乡统筹发展原则,适当调整城乡人口结构,适时取消城乡户籍制度等路径以期缓解城乡二元体制对公共服务均等化的制约。     

统筹城乡发展推进城乡一体化的思考

位列"五个统筹"之首的统筹城乡发展,是破解城乡二元结构,推进新型城镇化和农业现代化的基本思路和重要方法。近年来,成都、杭州、南京、嘉兴、新乡等地,围绕统筹城乡发展、推进城乡一体化进行了深入的实践探索,取得了很多可资借鉴的成功经验。必须牢固树立统筹城乡发展的理念。当前,全社会正处在加快推进新型城镇化,建设社会主义新农村的重要时     

关于加大统筹上海城乡发展力度的若干思考

上海最有基础最有条件按照“两个趋向”的要求,在统筹城乡发展、破除城乡二元结构方面先行先试。本文结合上海实际,提出统筹城乡发展是加快上海经济发展方式转变的客观需要,加快新城和城镇化建设是统筹城乡发展的重要途径,推进农村集体建设用地有偿使用和流转是统筹城乡发展的突破口,着力破除城乡二元结构是统筹城乡发展的根本要求,加强党对“三农”工作的领导是统筹城乡发展的组织保障。     

"十三五"时期以产业发展推进望城区城乡统筹

统筹城乡发展是我国全面建设小康社会的内在要求,也是解决"三农"问题的有效途径,而统筹城乡产业发展是统筹城乡发展的前提和重要内容.望城区城乡产业发展现状为:农业产业化水平不断提升,工业辐射作用不强;经济结构不协调,第三产业发展相对滞后;产业载体建设成效显著,产业支撑能力有限.针对望城区城乡产业发展的基础和问题,提出望城区以产业推进城乡统筹发展,实现城乡经济社会一体化的路径:加快城乡产业集群化发展、 促进城乡三次产业融合发展、 提高农业产业化水平及制定城乡统筹产业政策.     

城乡社会保障统筹的对策思考

随着经济的不断发展,我国越来越重视城市与乡村的协调发展.城乡社会保障统筹发展,能够有效地保障城乡居民的基本生活,对于我国经济的持续稳定发展以及和谐社会的实现有着十分重要的意义.但是,城乡社会保障统筹以及社会保障制度的建立还面临着诸多的困难与挑战,例如:城乡之间在管理机制上的差异、立法工作中存在的不足与缺陷、城乡之间的发展存在差异性、统筹的层次较低等一系列问题与挑战.所以,在实施城乡社会保障统筹的过程中,要协调好城乡之间的发展关系,对城乡社会保障统筹进行统一的规划,采取有效的措施完善社会保障制度,扩大社会保障制度的保障范围,应当加快社会保障立法这一方面的发展,在一定程度上能够完成社会保障制度,构建健全的城乡社会保障制度.     

城镇化快速发展时期新型农村社区建设实践研究

近年来,随着城镇化进程的加快,新型农村社区发展迅速。新型农村社区建设以节约土地为动力,提高农民生活水平为目标,营造一种新的社会生活形态。通过以四川省成都市、江苏省苏南地区、浙江省嘉兴市、天津市等地的新型农村社区建设实践为例进行分析,研究其主要特点和经验。在此基础上,总结出政府主导、推进土地规模经营、农业产业转型、城乡资源统一配置、土地制度创新等有益启示,以推动新型农村建设的健康发展。     

Critical indicators for assessing the contribution of infrastructure projects to coordinated urban-rural development in China

It is widely recognized that the coordinated development between urban and rural areas can not only narrow gaps in infrastructure between urban and rural areas, promote balanced development in rural areas in terms of society, economy and environment, but is also an effective way to address issues facing agriculture, rural areas and farmers. In line with this, development of infrastructure projects has been an important means for promoting coordinated urban-rural development in developing countries (such as China). However, there is a lack of indicators that can be used to assess the contribution of infrastructure projects to coordinated urban-rural development. This paper thus attempts to present a set of critical indicators for evaluating the contribution of infrastructure projects to coordinated urban-rural development in the particular context of Chongqing, Western China.First, a list of optional indicators that are with potential for assessing the contribution of infrastructure projects to coordinated urban-rural development is presented based on examination on related project feasibility reports, official reports and literature. Then 42 indicators are identified from the optional list through a questionnaire survey. By using the data collected, the relative level of significance of each indicator is derived. Finally, an indicator system consisting of 19 critical indicators is established based on results of principle component analysis. The applicability and significance of the identified indicators for assessing the contribution of infrastructure projects to coordinated urban-rural development are discussed as well.     

建设国际旅游岛背景下海南城乡一体化模式探讨

国际旅游岛是海南发展的大战略。当前,在建设国际旅游岛的背景下,需要整合城乡旅游资源,实现城乡协调发展。本文分析了海南城乡一体化的现实需求和国际旅游岛框架下推进城乡一体化的突出矛盾,在此基础上,提出把经济一体化、社会一体化、行政一体化作为推进海南城乡一体化的具体思路。     

大学生与务工返乡青年农村创业刍议

改革开放尤其是党的十六大以来,我国农村经济社会建设在取得显著成就的同时,城乡失衡的矛盾和问题在某些方面也日益突出。如何统筹城乡发展,缩小区域差距成为“十二五”时期重大攻坚课题。立足农村发展实际,对大学生与务工返乡青年农村创业进行相关研究有历史和现实意义,大学生和务工返乡青年创业竞合将成为农村经济社会发展的强劲动力源,是当前统筹城乡发展有效的途径之一。     

武汉市统筹城乡一体化发展研究

统筹城乡一体化发展是当前推动城乡经济社会发展的迫切任务。本文通过建立指标评估,发现武汉城乡一体化水平略高于城镇化水平;城乡人口、经济、生活和文化一体化进程中,城乡经济发展的差别最为明显,融合程度最低,而城乡居民生活方面则融合程度较高,人口与文化融合度持平。而城乡二元户籍制度、土地的合理开发利用及农民权益保障、农村公共服务投入不足、农村社会保障体系不完善是当前制约城乡一体化发展的重要瓶颈。文章从法律制度层面、财政层面及组织体制层面分析了破解城乡一体化发展瓶颈的重要举措。     

城郊社区外来工文化生活状况的调查研究——以浙江绍兴城郊社区为例

关注城市农民工生活现状，保障他们的合法权益，使他们在异乡能安居乐业，更好地为当地经济建设和社会发展服务，深受各级政府组织关注。本调查的关注点是城郊社区外来工的文化生活状况。调查显示，该市城郊社区外来工收入相对较高，但影响外来工文化生活质量的主、客观因素依然存在，仍迫切需要政府、社会和用工单位的关心帮助和积极引导。     

英国城乡统筹政策对我国城乡一体化战略的启示

工业革命后,英国迅速开启了城市化进程,在经历了早期城市化带来的城乡失衡、城市居住环境恶化和生态系统破坏的教训后,英国政府开始了对城乡统筹政策的探索。在探索过程中形成的一系列理论和实践成果,为世界的城市化进程提供了宝贵经验。随着我国城镇化步伐的快速推进,城乡之间长期存在的二元结构矛盾逐渐凸显,这些矛盾的解决需要我们走出一条以城带乡、以乡促城、城乡统筹、联动发展的城乡一体化道路。当前处于工业化后期的中国,面临着与工业化时期的英国几乎相同的城市化问题,因此,有必要学习英国的城乡统筹经验,以为我国的城乡一体化战略服务。     

Urban-rural boundary conflicts: the reshaping of Israel's rural map

This study examines boundary conflicts between urban and rural local authorities in Israel. It focuses on three basic questions: what are the reasons for urban-rural boundary conflicts?; do these reasons vary across time and space?; and, what are the underlying structural causes that shape these variations? The study is based on a quantitative and qualitative analysis of boundary conflicts involving Israeli rural regional councils between the 1960s and the early 1990s. It demonstrates that macro-societal structural processes are at the root of urban-rural boundary conflicts. Mounting pressures on regional councils have arisen from political, economic and ideological processes which have shaken the foundations of the councils and produced unprecedented pressures on their territory. Processes of counter-urbanization have played a substantial role, but have been deeply intertwined in a political-ideological context. These processes may either lead to: (1) further fragmentation and contraction of areas managed by rural local government; (2) transformation of rural local governments into entities of a new type; or (3) formation of new forms of urban-rural regional co-operation.     

Associations between multiscale landscape characteristics and breeding bird abundance and diversity across urban-rural gradients in Northeastern Georgia, USA

Urbanization is rapidly changing the southeastern US landscape, particularly in Georgia within and around the Atlanta metropolitan area, the fastest-growing Southeastern population center. Landscape characteristics related to human disturbance, landscape composition, and landscape configuration vary across the urban-rural gradient and are easily and inexpensively evaluated using geographic information systems (GIS). Previous studies have suggested that avian communities and populations respond in scale-dependent ways to urbanization-related landscape changes through changes in abundance and diversity. We conducted a 2-year study (2007?C2008) of the response of breeding bird population abundance, community abundance, species richness, and relative diversity in young and mature single-family residential areas to 15 landscape characteristics measured at multiple spatial scales across urban-rural development intensity gradients near Athens, Georgia. We grouped birds by species, entire site assemblage, and by functional guild affiliation. Our models suggest strong relationships between the landscape and both community and population abundance of birds, as well as a somewhat weaker relationship with species richness. We detected only a weak relationship between breeding season relative diversity and landscape characteristics; we hypothesize a possible seasonal component to that relationship based on an earlier study. Our results suggest that widely available geospatial metrics of human disturbance and landscape pattern can be used to model breeding bird abundance and diversity across urban-rural gradients. This study sets the framework for a landscape scale understanding of the effects of housing developments and development intensity on breeding birds in northeastern Georgia and such a landscape-based approach to modeling species numbers represents a valuable tool in natural resources management.