吉林省长春市人口和计划生育综合改革中期评估报告

根据国家人口计生委安排 ,国家综合改革试点工作中期评估组于 2 0 0 4年 4月 2 5～ 2 9日在长春市进行了集中评估。评估组由国家人口计生委办公厅、人事司有关同志、中国人民大学社会与人口学院的专家以及吉林省计生委的同志共同组成。评估的主要依据是国家人口计生委关于开展人口和计划生育综合改革试点工作的指导意见( 2 0 0 1年 ) ,长春市委市政府关于人口和计划生育综合改革的实施意见 ( 2 0 0 1年 )、长春市委市政府关于全面推进人口和计划生育综合改革的实施意见 ( 2 0 0 4年 ) ,国家人口计生委办公厅关于开展综合改革试点工作中期评…     

发挥城市示范作用 推动综合改革深入发展——长沙市人口和计划生育综合改革调研报告

长沙市是湖南省人口和计划生育工作综合改革试点市,2003年12月,我们赴长沙进行了综合改革专题调研,通过听情况、看资料、访群众、观现场等方式对长沙市近两年的人口和计划生育综合改革试点工作进行了调研。 一、深入调查研究。确立人口和计划生育综合改革思路 为建立与新形势发展要求相适应的新工作机制,该市“双管齐下”,一方面“沉下来”调查研究,进行基线调查,广泛征求各个方面的意见和建议;另一方面“走出去”学习取经,开阔视野,启发思路。在综合改革过程中,该市主要抓了三点:     

人口计生委主任张维庆在全国农村部分计划生育家庭奖励扶助制度扩大试点暨宣传月启动电视电话会议上的讲话

中宣部、财政部、人口计生委联合召开这次会议的目的是，动员和部署2005年全国农村部分计划生育家庭奖励扶助制度扩大试点工作，启动奖励扶助制度全国宣传月活动。我讲三点意见：     

关于进一步搞好综合改革工作的若干思考

恰逢综合改革试点工作进行到半程,笔者认为,在这样一个关键时期,总结3年来综合改革的成功经验无疑是十分重要的.同样,如果能够按照综合改革20字方针的要求,准确地探寻当前计划生育工作中存在的问题,也是非常必要的.本文结合笔者在实地考察中的部分见闻,针对一些地方计划生育工作中还存在的几个问题提出自己的想法,希望能在下一阶段的人口和计划生育综合改革工作中有所借鉴.     

深入推进人口与计划生育综合改革

人口与计划生育综合改革经过近两年的探索和实践,16个地市的试点工作都有不同程度的进展,并取得阶段性成果。进行人口与计划生育综合改革,是全面提高人口与计划生育工作整体水平的重要举措,是顺应时代发展的必然选择,受到了各级党政领导、广大计生干部和群众的拥护、欢迎和支持,对全国的人口与计划生育工作起到了推动和导向作用。随着综合改革的深入发展,目前试点工作已进入攻坚阶段。为了更好地深入推进这一改革,当前     

人口计生委主任张维庆在全国农村部分计划生育家庭奖励扶助制度试点工作电视电话会议上的讲话

人口计生委、财政部已正式批准15个省(市)和地区,从2004年开始进行农村部分计划生育家庭奖励扶助制度试点,中央财政正式拨付首批农村部分计划生育家庭奖励扶助金。这标志着农村部分计划生育家庭奖励扶助制度试点工作进入了实质性运行阶段。人口计生委召开这个会议,目的就是进一步动员试点地区和自行试点地区的各级领导干部、相关部门和广大群众迅速行动起来,全面推进农村部分计划生育家庭奖励扶助制度试点工作,采取有效措施,把国家对农村部分计划生育家庭的奖励扶助政策抓紧抓好,落到实处。下面,我讲四点意见:     

国家计生委关于开展人口与计划生育综合改革试点工作的指导意见

为贯彻落实《中共中央国务院关于加强人口与计划生育工作稳定低生育水平的决定》，建立适应社会主义市场经济体制要求的人口与计划生育工作管理体制和运行机制，更好地为广大群众提供计划生育、生殖保健优质服务，国家计生委决定与全国１２个省区计生委联合在１５个地级市和１个县级市开展人口与计划生育综合改革试点工作试点单位见附注，并提出如下意见。一、充分认识开展综合改革试点工作的意义进行人口与计划生育综合改革，是适应社会主义市场经济发展的客观要求，是贯彻落实中央《决定》精神和全面提高人口与计划生育工作整体水…     

深化改革人口计生目标管理考评

自江西省实施计划生育政策30多年来,二女户及多女户落实长效节育措施及社会抚养费征收数一直都是省人口计生委考核各级党委、政府及人口计生部门落实计划生育工作的重要指标。根据国家人口计生委目标管理责任制改革试点工作部署,我们在永修县、安福县试点的基础上,2010年江西省全面启动人口和计划生育目标管理考评改革,取消了二女户及多女户落实长效绝育措施、大月份终止意外妊娠、社会抚养费征收3项考评内容,     

国务委员兼国务院秘书长王忠禹在全国人口与计划生育综合改革试点工作座谈会上的讲话(摘要)

人口与计划生育工作综合改革试点工作在不到两年半的时间里,从山东开始,扩大到12个省（区）的16个地（市）,取得了明显的成效,试点地区的人口与计划生育工作局面发生了新变化,人民群众对计划生育工作的满意程度明显提高。这充分说明综合改革顺应了新时期人口与计划生育工作发展的客观要求,符合广大人民群众的利益。     

计划生育综合改革理论与实践的思考

一、前言为了贯彻落实《中共中央国务院关于加强人口与计划生育稳定低生育水平的决定》,建立适应社会主义市场经济体制要求的人口与计划生育工作方式、管理体系和运行机制,加快计划生育工作的“两个转变”,为广大人民群众提供计划生育、生殖保健优质服务,国家计划生育委员会于２００１年年初在全国１２个省区的１６个市县开展了计划生育综合改革试点工作。计划生育综合改革是计划生育工作进入新阶段的产物,是整个社会经济发展的时代要求,也是中国计划生育改革历史的继续和发展。长期以来,为了落实计划生育基本国策,广大计划生育工作…     

Differentials in divorce in maryland

The basic data needed for measurement of the risks of termination of the legal relationship of marriage by characteristics of the marital partners are not available at this time for the United States because the national divorce registration area includes less than half the States. Special studies based on selected census data or the records of marriages and divorces occurring in one State or community have provided much of the valuable but limited information at hand. Statistics for individual States are subject to substantial bias as a consequence of inter-State migration between time of marriage and time of divorce, but they must serve as a basic data source until national reporting has improved. A record linkage study was undertaken which tied marriages occurring in the State of Maryland in 1959 with divorces occurring in the State in the years 1959–66. Relative, not actual, divorce risks by race, age at marriage, and previous marital status were calculated for couples with at least one partner an in-State resident at the time of marriage. The dissolution rate was higher for whites than for nonwhites. Marriages contracted by persons at very youthful ages and by persons who had been married previously were found subject to greater than average risks of dissolution through divorce.     

城市计划生育技术服务方式创新--南京市玄武区政府购买计划生育技术服务的实践

建立政府牵头、计卫联手、资源共享的计划生育技术服务体系 ,开展以知识普及、知情选择、随访服务、咨询指导、健康促进为主要内容的计划生育避孕节育和生殖保健优质服务 ,最大限度地满足社区育龄群众在计划生育和生殖保健方面的需求 ,是城市计划生育技术服务改革发展的方向1 。近几年 ,南京市玄武区计划生育局在区委、区政府的领导以及省市计生委的支持下 ,根据新时期城市计划生育工作改革发展要求 ,积极推进政府计划生育部门的职能转变 ,探索计划生育技术服务方式的改革创新 ,尝试依托社区医疗卫生和妇幼保健服务网络 ,由政府购买计划生育…     

Major Tasks in Health and Family Planning in China in 2015

On January 12,2015,at the regular press briefing of National Health and Family Planning Commission(NHFPC),NHFPC reported the major tasks in health and family planning in China in 2015.The details are as follows:In-depth Development of Medical and Health System Reform In-depth Development of Medical and Health System Reform.     

Increases in childlessness in New Zealand

New Zealand’s fertility fell below the theoretical replacement level (2.1 births per woman) for the first time in recorded history in 1978. It has hovered at or below replacement level ever since. The result, an impression of relative stability, belies changes taking place. Data from the 1981, 1996 and 2006 censuses show a pattern of delayed childbearing and increased childlessness. In a little over 30 years, childlessness has shifted from being almost entirely a consequence of a couple’s infecundity to being as frequently a result of a woman’s life choices. The steady rises in childlessness recorded by successive cohorts suggest that childlessness is already having a significant effect on New Zealand fertility. Patterns in characteristics of those women choosing not to start families, as well as subtle differences in these patterns between New Zealand and other developed nations, suggest that there is a significant potential for childlessness to cause a more dramatic shift in New Zealand’s total fertility rate. This analysis examines growth in childlessness in relation to marital status, country of birth, ethnicity, regional and urban differentials, religion, and educational attainment of women who were childless at the 1981, 1996 and 2006 censuses.

Materialism in Pedagogy Students in Chile

Many studies have used Richins and Dawson’s (J Consum Res 19: 303–316, 1992) Material Values Scale (MVS), applying it to different types of populations that exhibit a particular psychometric behavior, and showing little stability in their factorial structure. In the present study, 1,070 pedagogy students from the northern, central and southern regions of Chile answered the MVS. This sample was randomly divided in two. Using the first sub-sample (N = 539), an exploratory factorial analysis was carried out, from which a structure of nine items was grouped into two factors called “Social Success” and “Personal Happiness”, which presented adequate reliability. Later, with the second sub-sample (N = 531), the factorial structure indicated above was put to the test through a confirmatory factorial analysis. The data from the model show that the scale contains 8 items in total, grouped into two dimensions. The factorial loads are significant at the level of 1 %, which indicates that the 2-factor structure can be confirmed. Finally—using the proposed structure—the presence of the students’ material values was evaluated.     

Shifts in Reproductive Patterns in China

The People's Republic of China, during the second half of the twentieth century, has been repeatedly affected by social and political upheavals associated with government policies. These have produced strong but unexpected impacts on Chinese demographic patterns. Many of these policies are of the sorts that alter reproductive costs and benefits. This study examines patterns in Hebei, Shaanxi, and Shanghai, three provinces with differing ecological, geographic, and economic characteristics. Government policies affected the three populations differentially; this was evident at both aggregate and individual levels. The Great Leap Forward and subsequent famine created higher birth deficits and mortality among the largely rural populations of Hebei and Shaanxi than the more urban Shanghai. In contrast, the Cultural Revolution and family planning resulted in lower fertility levels for women in Shanghai. The population history of China during the second half of last century thus reflects strong state interventions in the lives of its citizens. Government policies, along with regional variations in geographic, social, and economic conditions, strongly influence individual access to resources in China. Variations in timing and intensity of women's reproductive patterns reflect differential access to resources and subsequent trade-offs.     

论西部开发中的城市发展问题

本文在对近20年来我国城市发展进行回顾与反思的基础上,提出了西部制定城市发展战略和选择城市发展道路的基本原则以及若干城市发展对策措施.     

Trends in life expectancy in wellbeing

Objectives: This paper describes anddiscusses trends in life expectancy inwellbeing between 1989 and 1998.Methods: Data on wellbeing by theBradburn Affect Balance Scale is obtained fromthe Netherlands Continuous Health InterviewSurveys for the calendar years from 1989 to1998. Using Sullivan's method, life expectancyin wellbeing is calculated.Results: For males at the age of 16, lifeexpectancy in wellbeing increases significantlyfrom 52.7 years in 1989 (90.1% of the totallife expectancy) to 54.4 years in 1998(90.8%). This increase is almost completelycaused by the increase in total lifeexpectancy. For females at the age of 16, lifeexpectancy in wellbeing raises significant from54.4 years in 1989 (84.1%) to 56.2 years in1998 (86.3%). This increase is almostcompletely caused by a decrease in the numberof years in a state of distress.For both males and females at the age of 65,the significant increase of life expectancy inwellbeing exceeds the increase in total lifeexpectancy and is mainly caused by the decreasein number of years in distress.Conclusion: Contrary to life expectancyin good perceived health and to disability freelife expectancy – which show a decreasing trend– the overall wellbeing of the population isincreasing. It seems that aspects in human lifethat contribute to wellbeing or quality of lifeother than physical health are gaining inimportance. This makes life expectancy inwellbeing a less appropriate instrument tomonitor changes in population health, but auseful instrument to measure population qualityof life.     

Changes in Living Standards and Depopulation in Latvia in the 1990s

Social Indicators Research -     

"非典"期间全国农村地区跨省流入人口调查数据分析

在2003年抗击非典的关键时期,国家人口和计划生育委员会进行了全国农村地区跨省流入人口的调查.本文着重分析这项调查所获得的数据,并对数据的一致性做出说明.既揭示了我国农村流动人口的基本特征和非典时期农村人口流动的规模和流向特点,又反映了非典对这一时期全国人口的流动所产生的影响,同时展示了我国抗击非典工作在农村地区所取得的成绩.