铁路施工项目质量管理方法研究

工程质量是工程建设的灵魂，铁路建设耗资巨大，其优良的工程质量不仅关系到工程的经济性、适用性和耐久性，而且还关系到国民经济的发展和民众反响等社会效益。本文根据现代铁路的质量要求，分析铁路施工项目质量管理问题的原因，提出加强铁路施工项目质量管理的方法创新，以期为保证和提高铁路施工质量提纲参考与借鉴。     

浅议铁路施工项目“架子队”管理模式

针对我国目前高标准、大规模建设铁路项目新形势的需要，本文分析了施工企业采用“架子队”管理模式的重要性，进而提出“架子队”管理模式在铁路施工项目的具体应用。     

论工程项目成本管理

项目成本管理,是一项企业得以发展的的基本策略,是一项长期而艰巨的任务。要想提高管理水平就要采用先进的管理理念和管理手段,依据工程进展情况提出控制施工项目成本支出的方法和降低成本的途径,制定经济合理的施工方案,提高机械的利用率和降低材料成本,获得效益最大化。     

浅谈建设工程项目的施工进展管理

本文主要论述了如何就建设工程项目的施工进度进行管理的几方面问题,提出了如何保证建设工程项目施工进展的几条具体措施,如合理配置各种资源、加强组织协调及配合、合理搭接施工工序、强化进度计划管理及建立质量控制体系,只有这样才能确保建设工程施工的质量和进度。     

铁路施工项目合同风险管理存在的问题与对策

铁路施工企业要想在市场中求生存、谋发展,必须加强工程项目合同风险管理,采取各种措施降低合同风险,提高企业的核心竞争力和经济效益。本文详细阐述了目前铁路施工中,项目合同风险管理存在的问题,并提出了有针对性的解决措施,为铁路施工中解决项目合同风险管理问题积累了新的技术资料。     

钢轨铝热焊施工项目管理过程

钢轨铝热焊施工是铁路铺设、厂房、码头建设等大型工程中常见的施工环节,通常作为一个小项目单独进行管理。由于铝热焊施工项目对整个工程的施工质量和进度都有着至关重要的影响,因此需要对其进行严格的管理和控制。而铝热焊施工具有周期短、独立性强的特点,所以非常适合采用项目管理的方法对其进行控制。本文从铝热焊施工项目的周期阶段出发,将每一个环节与项目管理思想有机的结合在一起,具体的说明了铝热焊施工项目管理的实施。     

浅谈如何保证建设工程项目的施工进展

本文主要提出了如何保证建设工程项目施工进展的几条具体措施,如合理配置各种资源、加强组织协调及配合、合理搭接施工工序、强化进度计划管理及建立质量控制体系,只有这样才能确保建设工程施工的质量和进度。     

探讨如何进行建筑工程项目施工管理的创新

本文通过分析建筑工程项目施工管理存在的问题,阐述了项目施工管理创新的必然性,提出了创新的主要方法和基本要求。     

我国铁路施工企业人力资源的开发与管理

本文深入剖析了我国铁路施工企业人力资源开发与管理普遍存在的问题，并提出了铁路施工企业人力资源开发与管理的改进措施。     

SMART原则在项目需求管理中的应用探讨

项目需求管理是项目成功的重要环节,往往由于缺少规范性,致使项目进展不顺利,甚至失败。本文提出了利用SMART原则进行需求管理,并总结了应用效果。     

组织环境对工程项目成本管理影响研究——基于中铁二局的案例分析

工程项目成本管理是施工企业生存发展的关键所在。本文从组织环境这一宽泛的视角,探讨组织内外部环境中对工程项目成本管理产生影响的重要因素。以中铁二局为研究对象,通过实地访谈研究识别企业组织环境对工程项目成本管理的影响因素。本文应用扎根理论,通过对访谈数据逐级编码分析,构建了基于组织结构、控制体系和社会关系等三大支持系统的"3S"理论,从而揭示组织环境对工程项目成本管理的作用机制和对企业成本管理的意义。     

项目管理在县城电网建设与改造中的运用

项目管理技术已逐步形成一整套完整的理论与方法体系。本文从项目管理角度阐述了城网建设及改造,并分析了城网工程项目管理特点。同时,结合城网建设及改造实践提出了具体有效的方案措施,对其项目生命周期的各个阶段、管理组织以及进度管理等进行了建设性的探讨。     

大型建筑工程项目资源配置模型及策略研究——基于系统动力学的建模和仿真

大型建筑工程项目多类型资源的有效配置,是现阶段项目管理理论与工程管理实践面临的关键问题,特别是在考虑工艺顺序和间歇时间的工作可操作性特点,以及多资源之间反馈影响的情况下。通过整合挣值法和系统动力学理论,在分析资源可用性和工作可操作性之间因果关系的基础上,本文构建了大型建筑工程项目多资源配置的系统动力学模型。以上海市重大工程投资统计数据作为模型参数依据,模型的仿真结果表明:建筑工程项目不同类型资源其配置重要性与系统影响性存在显著差异,在制定资源配置策略时应同时考虑项目运作方式的特征与多资源之间的匹配,资源不匹配则容易导致资源配置系统失去稳态或策略失效。这为进一步研究项目管理中多资源配置提供了理论参考和实践支持。     

关键链动态缓冲监控方法研究

缓冲管理是约束理论的一个重要管理方法,重要的监控机制和管理手段。本文针对项目执行的动态环境,提出了动态缓冲监控法。它根据项目的实际执行情况,来动态计算缓冲大小,动态设定监控点,动态调整两个监控触发点的高低,从而实时衡量项目实际进度和初始计划之间的差异,以便让项目经理及时采取正确的行动使得项目最终按时完工。最后,通过一个算例,将本文方法和CCPM中的绝对缓冲监控法和相对缓冲监控法进行了比较,验证了本文所提方法的有效性和实用性。     

On the dynamic use of project performance and schedule risk information during projecttracking

Project scheduling, risk analysis and project tracking are key parameters to a project's success or failure. Research on the relative sensitivity of project activities during the project scheduling phase as well as research on project performance measurement during project progress have been published throughout the academic literature and the popular press. Obviously, the interest in activity sensitivity information and project performance measurement from both the academics and the practitioners lies in the need to focus a project manager's attention on those activities that influence the performance of the project. When management has knowledge about the current project performance and has a certain feeling of the relative sensitivity of the various project activities on the project objective, a better management focus and a more accurate response during project tracking should positively contribute to the overall performance of the project.     

子网络视角下项目群合同项目工期延误诊断模型研究

项目群工期延误诊断是项目群进度目标控制的一项重要任务。总时差可用于判断项目群中某项工作延误对项目群总工期的延误程度,但没有解决某项工作延误对其自身合同项目和后续合同项目工期延误程度的判断问题。本文根据多项目管理和项目群管理理论,通过引入项目群子网络,研究并构建了基于子网络的项目群结构。在此基础上,运用关键路径法（CPM）,系统地研究了因子网络中合同项目某工作工期延误对自身子网络以及项目群中后续子网络工期的影响,提出了子网络后主链定理以及前主链总时差定理,从而实现子网络视角下项目群合同项目工期延误的诊断分析。结合算例进行了具体阐述与应用。最后就如何应用人工智能算法实现项目群进度及其影响因素进行实时监控提出研究思路。本文研究成果为子网络承包商的工期延误责任划分以及索赔提供依据。     

Project risk management using multiple criteria decision-making technique and decision tree analysis: a case study of Indian oil refinery

This study proposes an integrated analytical framework for effective management of project risks using combined multiple criteria decision-making technique and decision tree analysis. First, a conceptual risk management model was developed through thorough literature review. The model was then applied through action research on a petroleum oil refinery construction project in the Central part of India in order to demonstrate its effectiveness. Oil refinery construction projects are risky because of technical complexity, resource unavailability, involvement of many stakeholders and strict environmental requirements. Although project risk management has been researched extensively, practical and easily adoptable framework is missing. In the proposed framework, risks are identified using cause and effect diagram, analysed using the analytic hierarchy process and responses are developed using the risk map. Additionally, decision tree analysis allows modelling various options for risk response development and optimises selection of risk mitigating strategy. The proposed risk management framework could be easily adopted and applied in any project and integrated with other project management knowledge areas.     

Setting tolerance limits for statistical project control using earned value management

Project control has been a research topic since decades that attracts both academics and practitioners. Project control systems indicate the direction of change in preliminary planning variables compared with actual performance. In case their current project performance deviates from the planned performance, a warning is indicated by the system in order to take corrective actions.Earned value management/earned schedule (EVM/ES) systems have played a central role in project control, and provide straightforward key performance metrics that measure the deviations between planned and actual performance in terms of time and cost. In this paper, a new statistical project control procedure sets tolerance limits to improve the discriminative power between progress situations that are either statistically likely or less likely to occur under the project baseline schedule. In this research, the tolerance limits are derived from subjective estimates for the activity durations of the project. Using the existing and commonly known EVM/ES metrics, the resulting project control charts will have an improved ability to trigger actions when variation in a project׳s progress exceeds certain predefined thresholdsA computational experiment has been set up to test the ability of these statistical project control charts to discriminate between variations that are either acceptable or unacceptable in the duration of the individual activities. The computational experiments compare the use of statistical tolerance limits with traditional earned value management thresholds and validate their power to report warning signals when projects tend to deviate significantly from the baseline schedule.     

An Integrated Methodology for Assessment and Selection of the Project Risk Response Actions

In a systematic process of project risk management, after risk assessment is implemented, the risk analysts encounter the phase of assessment and selection of the project risk response actions (RA). As indicated by many researchers, there are less systematic and well-developed solutions in the area of risk response assessment and selection. The present article introduces a methodology including a modeling approach with the objective of selecting a set of RA that minimizes the undesirable deviation from achieving the project scope. The developed objective function comprises the three key success criteria of a project, namely, time, quality, and cost. Our model integrates overall project management into the project risk response planning (P2RP). Furthermore, the proposed model stresses on an equivalent importance for both "risk" and "response." We believe that applying the proposed model helps the project risk analyst in most effective and efficient manner dealing with his or her complicated RA selection problems. The application of the proposed model was implemented in projects in the construction industry in which it showed tremendous time, cost, and quality improvements.     

Impact of competitive conditions on supplier evaluation: a construction supply chain case study

This research proposes a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework and demonstrates the impact of competitive conditions on supplier evaluation process for construction supply chains. The paper focuses on the supply chain of a large-scale housing project in order to illustrate the role of competitive capability and suppliers’ profile and its influence on supplier evaluation based on prevailing supply/market conditions. Various scenarios are investigated to demonstrate the impact of competition on supplier evaluation. The contribution of the study lies in highlighting the impact of supply/market conditions on MCDM decisions causing supplier evaluation ‘imbalance’ and MCDM usage. It is expected that the study will be useful for project management, construction, supply chain management, sourcing professionals. The findings of the study are generalisable to projects-based situations such as petroleum refinery and ship building where bill of materials typically consists of thousands of items and a large number of suppliers are involved.