电子商务供应链管理与传统供应链管理的比较

随着电子商务的不断发展,企业物流和供应链运作发生了翻天覆地的变化,这种变化越来越反映在以电子商务为基础的信息化、集成化的供应链管理中。本文分析了传统供应链管理模式及存在的问题和不足,探讨了电子商务发展对供应链的影响以及电子商务时代供应链管理出现的新特点,对电子商务供应链管理与传统供应链管理物流运作模式、物流管理要求等多个方面进行了比较和分析。     

供应链管理下煤炭企业物流管理模式

本文从当前市场需求出发,考虑当前煤炭行业竞争的新趋势.分析当前煤炭企业物流体系的特点以及煤炭企业供应链管理中存在的问题与不足,论述基于供应链恩想的物流管理特点,探讨煤炭企业基于供应链管理思想下的物流模式。     

基于决策权分配的供应链批量模型比较研究

供应链决策权分配对系统最优决策和系统绩效有决定性的影响.本文基于决策权的不同分配建立了零售商主导的分散决策模型和供应链集中决策模型,并考虑了运输整合.研究表明,零售商主导的分散决策模型的配送频率最小,配送批量最大;零售商主导的分散决策模型的库存成本大于供应链集中决策模型的库存成本;零售商主导的分散决策模型的运输成本小于供应链集中决策模型的运输成本;供应链集中决策模型的总成本小于零售商主导的分散决策模型总成本.     

供应链的库存管理VMI

供应商管理库存(VMI)是一种集成化供应链管理模式,作为供应商和用户企业的中介,第三方物流企业参与VMI库存管理能起到整合资源、降低成本、提高服务水平和降低风险的作用。为此对基于VMI的第三方物流企业仓储管理系统进行了需求分析和功能结构设计。     

供应链库存合约研究

研究了制造商与其供应商的供应链最优库存策略和在非合作情况下的库存策略,比较分析了两种情况下的库存策略,并设计了库存合约;分析表明,制造商通过设计有效的转移支付合约,可以实现供应链库存的最优化。     

电子商务下的供应链管理研究

随着全球经济一体化的发展,供应链管理越来越被各国企业所重视.电子商务的发展为供应链管理提供了新的机遇.本文从基本概念出发,分析了电子商务对供应链管理的影响,并提出了我国企业发展电子商务供应链面,临的主要问题.     

浅析供应链条件下的库存管理

库存管理一直以来是供应链管理的重要内容,库存管理的水平一定程度上反映了供应链管理水平的高低。随着经济全球化的不断推进,跨国企业及集团性企业在世界各地建立生产基地、物流配送中心、分销中心以及跨国原材料供应产业链,于是供应链环境下的库存管理水平也就直接影响到企业的现金流物流的顺畅及企业的盈利水平,于是这一课题已经被越来越多企业重点关注。     

电子商务时代的供应链管理

电子商务的迅猛发展对全球经济产生了巨大冲击。本文论述了企业赖以生存的市场环境在电子商务时代发生的重大变革、以及供应链管理在这种背景下的核心任务,并且对电子商务时代供应链管理的若干方法、途径进行了探讨。     

电子商务环境下供应链管理的探讨

本文在供应链管理理论的基础上,论述了电子商务环境下供应链管理模式的变革,分析了电子供应链面临的主要问题,并提出了相应的改进措施。     

Building Supply Chain Resilience through Virtual Stockpile Pooling

Stockpiling inventory is an essential strategy for building supply chain resilience. It enables firms to continue operating while finding a solution to an unexpected event that causes a supply disruption or demand surge. While extremely valuable when actually deployed, stockpiles incur large holding costs and usually provide no benefits until such a time. To help to reduce this cost, this study presents a new approach for managing stockpiles. We show that if leveraged intelligently, stockpiles can also help an organization better meet its own regular demand by enabling a type of virtual pooling we call virtual stockpile pooling (VSP). The idea of VSP is to first integrate the stockpile into several locations’ regular inventory buffers and then dynamically reallocate the stockpile among these locations in reaction to the demand realizations to achieve a kind of virtual transshipment. To study how to execute VSP and determine when it can provide the most value, we formulate a stylized multi‐location stochastic inventory model and solve for the optimal stockpile allocation and inventory order policies. We show that VSP can provide significant cost savings: in some cases nearly the full holding cost of the stockpile (i.e., VSP effectively maintains the stockpile for free), in other cases nearly the savings of traditional physical inventory pooling. Last, our results prescribe implementing VSP with many locations for large stockpiles, but only a few locations for small stockpiles.     

Value of Sharing Production Yield Information in a Serial Supply Chain

New developments in corporate information technology such as enterprise resource planning systems have significantly increased the flow of information among members of supply chains. However, the benefits of sharing information can vary depending on the supply chain structure and its operational characteristics. Most of the existing research has studied the impact of sharing downstream information (e.g., a manufacturer sharing information with its suppliers). We evaluate the benefits of sharing upstream yield information (e.g., a supplier sharing information with the manufacturer) in a two‐stage serial supply chain in which the supplier has multiple internal processes and is faced with uncertain output due to yield losses. We are interested in determining when the sharing of the supplier's information is most beneficial to the manufacturer. After proposing an order‐up‐to type heuristic policy, we perform a detailed computational study and observe that this information is most beneficial when the supplier's yield variance is high and when end‐customer demand variance is low. We also find that the manufacturer's backorder‐to‐holding cost ratio has little, if any, impact on the usefulness of information.     

Contracting in a Supply Chain with Stochastic Demand and Substitute Products

Retailers often stock competing products from multiple manufacturers. When the retailer stocks out of a particular item, customers who prefer the item are likely, with some probability, to switch to a substitute product from another manufacturer at the same store. In such an event, a “lost sale” for the manufacturer is not a “lost sale” for the retailer. This exacerbates differences in manufacturer's and retailer's stockout costs for the item. Such differences in stockout cost influence the optimal contract between the manufacturer and the retailer and also impose agency costs on the channel. Such contracts, in turn, determine equilibrium inventory levels and fill rates. We study these issues in a single‐period supply chain, consisting of a manufacturer and a retailer, under three different scenarios (when the two firms are integrated into a single entity, when the retailer makes stocking decisions, and when the manufacturer makes stocking decisions). We compare, and present a methodology for comparing, stocking quantities, manufacturer efforts, and supply chain profits across different scenarios. We find that VMI performs better when manufacturer effort is a substantial driver of consumer demand and when consumers are unlikely to substitute to another brand in case of a stockout. On the other hand, if non‐contractible manufacturer effort is unimportant, or when substitution is significant, VMI can exacerbate, rather than mitigate, channel inefficiencies, and can perform worse than traditional Retailer Managed Inventory.     

物流联合外包下库存管理模式对供应链运作的影响

针对由供应商、第三方物流服务商和零售商组成的供应链,考虑供需双方将物流服务联合外包给第三方物流服务商、共同承担运费的情形,探究供应商管理库存和寄售库存两类库存管理模式的引入对供应链运作及合同设计的影响。分别在传统的零售商管理库存、仅引入寄售库存的零售商管理寄售库存以及同时引入供应商管理库存和寄售库存的供应商管理寄售库存三种模式下,构建了第三方物流服务商主导、供应商和零售商跟随的序贯非合作博弈模型,证明了所有模式下均衡的订购量/寄售量均存在且唯一,并探讨了均衡结果随零售商运费分摊比例、转移支付价格两个关键参数的变化。横向对比三种模式下的均衡结果和集中决策下的最优结果,发现：零售商管理库存模式下的均衡订购量总是低于零售商管理寄售库存模式以及集中决策下的结果,而其他库存管理模式下的订购量并非一定低于集中决策下的结果;不同库存管理模式下,均衡状态下的订购量/寄售量及供应链总的期望收益大小关系取决于供应商和零售商的类边际(毛利)贡献率,从而表明,供应链环境下,上下游成员企业的收益结构、盈利水平等对于库存决策及库存模式的选取有重要影响。此外,在绝大多数情形下,不同库存管理模式下的均衡订购量与集中决...     

Distributing a Product Line in a Decentralized Supply Chain

Although there is a rich literature on single product distribution in decentralized supply chains, the incentive problems that arise in distributing a product line have largely not been investigated. In practice, most manufacturers distribute a line of products with different features and qualities and not just a single product. Consider a manufacturer who distributes a product line through competing downstream retailers. In this setting, we investigate how and why the retailers' price and inventory decisions deviate from the centrally optimal decisions. Due to substitution between different product variants, as well as between different retailers, the incentive problems associated with distributing a product line are more complicated than that of distributing a single product. We characterize retailers' incentive distortions under a residual‐claimancy contract, and construct contracts that achieve channel coordination. We show that retail price floors or inventory buybacks, appropriately tailored to each product variant, are among the contracts that can achieve coordination. Using numerical simulations, we demonstrate how the optimal contract terms (such as wholesale prices and buyback prices) for each variant are influenced by the parameters of an underlying consumer choice model.     

供应链中转节点物流能力计划问题研究

针对供应链中转节点的物流要素能力中的处理能力、流通量等决定因素进行了较为深入的理论分析;并且采用排队论的相关理论构建了具体的理论模型,得到了使得系统利润最大的中转节点的最优处理能力及最优流量。这一理论研究结果,为进一步研究供应链物流能力中连线的流通能力、各环节能力的匹配等决定因素奠定了理论基础,同时对于确定企业的物流要素能力指标中的处理能力以及流量等提供了一定的理论指导。     

复杂供应链网络视域下关系资本对供应链融资作用机制研究--有调节的多重中介效应模型构建与检验

从复杂供应链网络的视角出发,以供应链网络内各节点中小企业为研究对象,依照资源-结构-行为-绩效的思路,揭示供应链网络内中小企业积累的关系资本对提升其供应链融资获取频率的作用机制,并通过构建多群组SEM模型,验证供应链复杂性的潜在调节效应。结果显示:(1)中小企业积累的关系资本对供应链融资频率的提升有显著的促进作用;(2)对比关系资本-供应链设计-供应链融资与关系资本-供应链整合-供应链融资的拟合结果发现,两个特定变量的中介效应具有显著差异,且以供应链设计、整合为连续中介变量的多重链式中介效应模型成立;(3)供应链复杂性显著调节中小企业关系资本对供应链融资的转化机制链条,供应链复杂性越高,节点中小企业获取供应链融资更依赖关系资本-供应链设计-供应链整合-供应链融资的多重链式传导机制传导。这意味着,在复杂供应链网络当中,中小企业一方面需要提升自身关系资本积累,另一方面更要加强其在网络当中的位置优化,提升供应链整合水平,为获取更多供应链融资打下坚实基础。     

供应链中物流及信息流管理

供应链管理使企业在变化的市场环境中有效地与其它企业合作,取得集体竞争优势。本文首先讨论了后勤学与供应链管理的定义和之间的关系。本文认为供应链管理的核心是物流与信息流的控制。物流控制决策主要包括操作层次的库存补充和运输路径规划,以及战略层次的设施地点规划。信息流管理跨越部门与企业的界限将相关的应用集成起来。动态联盟协调各企业内部的生产经营活动,战略性地决定物流与信息流的构形。