Images of Struggle: Teaching Human Rights with Graphic Novels

The authors explore how graphic novels can be used in the middle and high school social studies classroom to teach human rights. The article begins with a rationale on the benefits of using graphic novels. It next focuses on four graphic novels related to human rights issues: Maus I: A Survivor's Tale: My Father Bleeds (Speigelman 1986), Footnotes in Gaza: A Graphic Novel (Sacco 2010 Sacco, Joe. Footnotes in Gaza: A Graphic Novel. New York: Metropolitan Books, 2010. [Google Scholar]), War Brothers: The Graphic Novel (McKay 2013 McKay, Sharon. War Brothers: The Graphic Novel. Toronto: Annick Press, 2013. [Google Scholar]), and March Book Two (Lewis and Aydin 2015 Lewis, John, and Andrew Aydin. March Book Two. Marietta, GA: Top Shelf Productions, 2015. [Google Scholar]). Each graphic novel is briefly discussed and classroom activities are provided. Example activities demonstrate how the texts and visuals within them can be combined to teach human rights issues. An appendix of human rights-related graphic novels is also included.     

Sexuality Examined Through the Lens of Attachment Theory: Attachment,Caregiving, and Sexual Satisfaction

Attachment researchers have proposed that the attachment, caregiving, and sexual behavioral systems are interrelated in adult love relationships (Mikulincer &; Shaver, 2007 Mikulincer , M. , &; Shaver , P. R. ( 2007 ). Attachment in adulthood: Structure, dynamics, and change . New York , NY : Guilford . [Google Scholar]). This study examined whether aspects of partners’ caregiving (proximity, sensitivity, control, compulsive caregiving) mediated the association between their attachment insecurities (anxiety and avoidance) and each other's sexual satisfaction in two samples of committed couples (Study 1: 126 cohabiting or married couples from the general community; Study 2: 55 clinically distressed couples). Partners completed the Experiences in Close Relationships measure (Brennan, Clark, &; Shaver, 1998 Brennan , K. A. , Clark , C. L. , &; Shaver , P. R. ( 1998 ). Self-report measurement of adult attachment: An integrative overview . In J. A. Simpson &; W. W. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships (pp. 46 – 76 ). New York : Guilford .[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]), the Caregiving Questionnaire (Kunce &; Shaver, 1994 Kunce , L. J. , &; Shaver , P. R. ( 1994 ). An attachment-theoretical approach to caregiving in romantic relationships . In K. Bartholomew &; D. Perlman (Eds.), Advances in personal relationships (pp. 205 – 237 ). London : Kingsley . [Google Scholar]), and the Global Measure of Sexual Satisfaction (Lawrance &; Byers, 1998 Lawrance , K. , &; Byers , E. S. ( 1998 ). Interpersonal Exchange Model of Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire . In C. M. Davis , W. L. Yarber , R. Bauserman , G. Schreer &; S. L. Davis (Eds.), Sexuality-related measures: A compendium (pp. 514 – 519 ). Thousand Oaks , CA : Sage . [Google Scholar]). Path analyses based on the actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) revealed that caregiving proximity mediated the association between low attachment avoidance and partners’ sexual satisfaction in distressed and nondistressed couples. Sensitivity mediated this association in nondistressed couples only. Control mediated the association between men's insecurities (attachment-related avoidance and anxiety) and their partners’ low sexual satisfaction in nondistressed couples. Attachment anxiety predicted compulsive caregiving, but this caregiving dimension was not a significant mediator. These results are discussed in light of attachment theory and their implications for treating distressed couples.     

Rereading Canonical Identity: A Sexual Ethics of Bible Interpretation

This article is a response to Lisa Baraitser's Maternal Encounters: The Ethics of Interruption (2009 Baraitser , L. ( 2009 ). Maternal Encounters: The Ethics of Interruption . Hove , UK, and New York, NY : Routledge . [Google Scholar]). It focuses on the concept of encounter as part of an emerging subjectivity or a subjectivity in production. By putting Baraitser's maternal encounters alongside art encounters the discussion starts to open up thinking on the different potential ways for humans to be interrupted and the implications of such potential subjective and ethical awakenings in this late capitalist contemporary era.     

Religious Orthodoxy and Entrepreneurial Risk-Taking

The relationship between entrepreneurship and religion is complex (Dana 2010 Dana, Leo Paul. 2010. “Entrepreneurship and Religion”. In ed, Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing.  [Google Scholar]), and religion can help or hamper the entrepreneurial process, depending on the context and culture (Dana 2009 Dana, Leo and Paul. 2009. Religion as an Explanatory Variable for Entrepreneurship. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 10(2): 87–100. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar]; Dodd and Gotsis 2007 Dodd, Sarah Drakopoulou and George, Gotsis. 2007. The Interrelationships between Entrepreneurship and Religion. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 8(2): 93–104. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar]). This article examines religious orthodoxy and its connection to one aspect of the entrepreneurial process—risk-taking within existing organizations. Using multinomial logistic regression to analyze data from the 2010 Baylor Religion Survey, the researchers find that religious orthodoxy is negatively associated with entrepreneurial risk-taking, even after controlling for traditional variables associated with entrepreneurism. It supports the idea that beliefs—and not just adherence or behaviors—are important to understanding the connection between entrepreneurial processes and religion.     

Somebody's Fetish: Self-Objectification and Body Satisfaction Among Consensual Sadomasochists

Considering that sexuality scholars claim consensual sadomasochists experience sexual objectification differently from the general population (Califia, 1994 Califia, P. (1994). Public sex: The culture of radical sex. Pittsburgh, PA: Cleis Press. [Google Scholar]; Connell, 2002 Connell, R. W. (2002). Gender. Malden, MA: Blackwell. [Google Scholar]; Nussbaum, 1995 Nussbaum, M. C. (1995). Objectification. Philosophy and Public Affairs, 24(4), 249–291. doi:10.1111/j.1088-4963.1995.tb00032.x[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), this study explored self-objectification (Fredrickson &; Roberts, 1997 Fredrickson, B. L. &; Roberts, T. (1997). Objectification theory: Toward understanding women's lived experiences and mental health risks. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 21(2), 173–206. doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00108.x[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) and body satisfaction among 121 self-identified consensual sadomasochists, 67 of whom also self-identified as women. Participants responded to an online survey and reported their self-objectification, self-surveillance, body shame, and body satisfaction measures, along with their body mass index (BMI) and identification as dominant, submissive, or switch. The data revealed that the study participants’ differed greatly in their sexual objectification experiences according to their genders, sexual orientations, and sadomasochistic identities, suggesting that consensual sadomasochism offers participants an environment partially free of the negative consequences resulting from Western beauty ideals.     

Understanding Parental Grief as a Response to Mental Illness: Implications for Practice

ABSTRACT

Parents who are raising children with mental illness struggle with feelings of grief and loss. Kubler-Ross' (1969 Kubler-Ross , E. ( 1969 ). On death and dying . New York : Scribner . [Google Scholar]) stages of grieving (denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance) are examined as experienced by parents raising children with chronic mental illness. Practice implications for social workers who are working with children and their parents are discussed. Acknowledging and understanding parental grief, while providing emotional support, leads to a more effective working partnership. This collaboration of parents and social worker can result in more effective treatment for the child with mental illness. Examples from one of the co-author's personal experiences are included.     

‘The performative surprise’: parody,documentary and critique

Can parody help us to ‘re‐imagine’ the organizations and institutions we live with (Du Gay 2007 Du Gay, Paul. 2007. Organizing identity: Persons and organizations after theory, London: Sage.  [Google Scholar], 13)? Or, like many forms of critique, does parody risk being incorporated: becoming part of the power it aims to make fun of? In this paper, drawing on Judith Butler’s work, I argue that certain circumstances enable parody to destabilize hegemonic, taken‐for‐granted institutions (Butler 1990 Butler, Judith. 1990. Gender trouble: Feminism and the subversion of identity, London: Routledge.  [Google Scholar]). I explore these ideas through a reading of the Yes Men documentary (Tartan Video 2005 Yes Men. 2005. “Directed by Chris Smith, Dan Ollman and Sarah Price”. Tartan Video.  [Google Scholar]). This film features a series of humorous representations of the World Trade Organization (WTO). I show how these act to denaturalize and effectively critique this dominant force in global trade. This paper discusses the value of parody for helping us to re‐think and re‐make particular institutions and organizations. In doing so, I point to the importance of creating a spectacle in which parody can travel beyond its immediate location, so that it can reach ever newer audiences with its ‘performative surprise’ (Butler 1990 Butler, Judith. 1990. Gender trouble: Feminism and the subversion of identity, London: Routledge.  [Google Scholar], xxvi). I suggest that the rise of the Internet and inexpensive documentary techniques offer interesting new ways for achieving this.     

The Management and Practice of Joint Adult Protection Investigations between Health and Social Services: Issues Arising from a Training Intervention

The implementation of government policy for the protection of vulnerable adults [Department of Health (2000 Department of Health. 2000. No Secrets: Guidance on Developing and Implementing Multi‐agency Policies and Procedures to Protect Vulnerable Adults from Abuse, London: HMSO.  [Google Scholar]) No Secrets] has set expectations for the development of multi‐agency policies and procedures in adult protection in England. Multi‐agency working in adult protection mainly concerns complex cases involving more than one service user or where a number of managers or practitioners are involved. However, these also tend to be the most serious abuse cases where the necessity for effective inter‐agency co‐ordination collaboration between social services authorities (local authorities) and health trusts (NHS) is most acute, especially with the development of partnership working such as in learning disability [Department of Health (2001 Department of Health. 2001. Valuing People: A New Strategy for Learning Disability for the 21st Century, London: Department of Health.  [Google Scholar]) Valuing People]. Moreover, effective collaboration with the police in the conduct of adult protection casework and process is required for cases where criminal offences may have been committed. These demands put high expectations on the professionals involved. Based on a series of joint training interventions between social services and health personnel in Kent, this paper identifies key issues for the effective performance of joint adult protection investigations and maps both the challenges and management and practice competencies required. Potential solutions to the complexities of managing multi‐agency investigations in adult protection were identified with potential relevance to improving adult protection case management and co‐ordination more widely.     

Masculinities and the Aesthetics of Love: Reading Terrorism in De Niro's Game and Paradise Now

This article examines Rawi Hage's (2006 Hage , R. ( 2006 ). De Niro's Game . Toronto , Ontario , Canada : House of Anansi Press . [Google Scholar]) De Niro's Game and Hany Abu-Assad's (2005) Paradise Now for their capacity to give us insight into the meanings of racialized masculinities. Neither text represents a very consoling picture of men in war and conflict, but they have a great deal to teach us about the fragility that underpins masculinity in volatile political contexts. Indeed, they give us insight into the affective realities of racial traumas that inhabit our constructions of identity, ideological positionalities, and cultural representation. Inspired by Frantz Fanon's (1952 Fanon , F. ( 1952 ). Black Skin, White Masks . New York , NY : Grove Press, 1967 . [Google Scholar]) plea for a new humanism and Paul Gilroy's (2005 ——— . ( 2005 ). Postcolonial Melancholia . New York , NY : Columbia University Press . [Google Scholar]) assertion that we attend to and politicize human suffering, I propose a psychoanalytic aesthetics of loss as a model for understanding and renewing cultural and political life. My method demands that we recognize that aesthetic cultural texts have an emotional source and that “being touched” by affect might teach us how to become better readers of our time.     

The Sexual Consent Scale–Revised: Development,Reliability, and Preliminary Validity

The Sexual Consent Scale–Revised (SCS–R) measures an individual's beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors with respect to how sexual consent should be and is negotiated between sexual partners. This study extends previous research on sexual consent by revising a scale using the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1991 Ajzen , I. ( 1991 ). The Theory of Planned Behavior . Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , 50 , 179 – 211 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar], 2001 Ajzen , I. ( 2001 ). Attitudes . Annual Review of Psychology , 52 , 27 – 58 .[Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar], 2005 Ajzen , I. ( 2005 ) . Attitudes, personality, and behavior ( , 2nd ed. ). Milton-Keynes , England : Open University Press/McGraw-Hill . [Google Scholar]) as its theoretical foundation. The psychometric properties of the SCS–R were established using factor analysis, construct validity tests, as well as internal consistency and test–retest reliability. Five factors emerged: perceived behavioral control, positive attitude toward establishing consent, sexual consent norms, indirect consent behaviors, and awareness of consent. Results indicated that the SCS–R can be useful for examining a variety of research questions relating to sexual consent.     

How Does a Cowboy Make Money? Using Student Curiosities to Further Elementary School Inquiries

This article explores examples of student-initiated inquiries (in Grades 1 and 5) and the opportunities and challenges with engaging in them. To explore these student-initiated inquiries, we use the C3 Framework Inquiry Arc (National Council for the Social Studies, 2013 National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS). (2013). The college, career, and civic life (C3) framework for social studies state standards: Guidance for enhancing the rigor of K–12 civics, economics, geography and history. Silver Spring, MD: Author. [Google Scholar]) and Harvey and Daniels's (2009 Harvey, S., &; Daniels, H. (2009). Comprehension &; collaboration: Inquiry circles in action. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. [Google Scholar]) Small-Group Inquiry Model to describe the actions and interactions of two elementary school teachers and their students as they take student-initiated inquiries through various stages of the inquiry process. With each classroom example we include the challenges the teachers encountered and we make recommendations for inquiry-based instruction in elementary social studies.     

Robert Bostrom's Contribution to Listening in Organizational Contexts

Robert Bostrom has not only left a listening legacy, but he was also a pioneer in the larger discipline of communication. Bostrom was one of the first scholars to focus on the dynamics of interpersonal contexts, thereby directly contributing to the transition of our field from “speech” to “communication.” Early on he recognized the importance of relational issues and reciprocity, concepts that would later become particularly important to listening researchers and practitioners. In this early work, when the discipline was concerned almost exclusively with the creation and sending of messages, he emphasized the importance of “listener involvement” in the communication process and, from the beginning, demonstrated a commitment to reveal the relevance of communication in everyday contexts (Andersch, Staats, &; Bostrom, 1969 Andersch, E., Staats, L. and Bostrom, R. 1969. Communication for everyday use, New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart, &; Winston.  [Google Scholar]).     

Permeable Masculinities: Gender Reverie in Richard Serra's Torqued Sculptures

Given this opportunity to reflect on The Bonds of Love (Benjamin, 1988 Benjamin , J. ( 1988 ). The Bonds of Love . New York , NY : Pantheon . [Google Scholar]) 25 years later, I read Benjamin's text as a bridge between political theory and psychoanalytic practice. In so doing, I hope to recognize Benjamin's profound influence on my thinking about recognition and destruction in collective erotic experience. I suggest that Benjamin opens the door to the investigation of eros in a collective unconscious. Yet, perhaps because The Bonds of Love predates the rise of the Internet, aspects of recognition that connote libidinization by an erotic collective are sequestered from intrapsychic phenomena and housed in a protointersubjective realm, the ideal, sustaining a long held psychoanalytic priority on loss and narcissistic injury in subject formation. I champion opening the intrapsychic realm to the fantasmatic collective by discussing Grindr, an iPhone app that provides public space for homoerotic desire.     

Disability,pain and love in Jewish cosmology?

Individuals with disabilities face numerous barriers that limit their inclusion within the Jewish community (Trieschmann 2001 Trieschmann, R. B. 2001. “Spirituality and Energy Medicine.” Journal of Rehabilitation 67 (1): 26–32.[Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). While many Jewish communities have progressed and moved towards an attitude of ‘acceptance’ and ‘tolerance’ for people with disabilities out of religious obligation, it is often a practice without the spiritual ethical governing force and guiding principles of respect, equality, and human rights (Shatz and Wolowelsky 2004 Shatz, D., and J. B. Wolowelsky. 2004. Mind, Body, and Judaism: The Interaction of Jewish Law with Psychology and Biology. Ktav Publishing House: Yeshiva University Press. [Google Scholar]). People with disabilities are stereotyped as dependent, draining, incompetent, pitiful, victims, freaks, angels, embarrassments, innocent, pathetic, and asexual social burdens (Nario-Redmond 2010 Nario-Redmond, M. R. 2010. “Cultural Stereotypes of Disabled and Non-Disabled Men and Women: Consensus for Global Category Representations and Diagnostic Domains.” British Journal of Social Psychology 49: 471–488.10.1348/014466609X468411 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). What is lacking is the consideration of people with disabilities as human beings. This injustice is most evident, painful, and damaging at an individual and communal level when it comes to Jewish singles and their pursuit of intimate relationships. A central Jewish value, right, and goal, one that is strongly promoted in Israeli society, is that of committed intimate relationships. However, this value does not apply to people with disabilities     

Teaching Social Register and Code Switching in the Classroom

Children in poverty have been shown to master only the informal registers of the English language (Payne 1996 Payne, R. 1996. A framework for understanding poverty, Highlands, Texas: AHA Publications.  [Google Scholar]). Unable to understand the formal register used in schools and on standardized tests, students in poverty achieve at a lower rate in school (Hodgkinson 1995 Hodgkinson, H. L. 1995. What should we call people?: Race, class and the census of 2000. Phi Delta Kappa, 77(2): 173–79. [Web of Science ®] [Google Scholar]) and choose inappropriate behaviors as a result of misunderstandings that are attributed to the inability to understand the language used in the formal register (Payne 1996 Payne, R. 1996. A framework for understanding poverty, Highlands, Texas: AHA Publications.  [Google Scholar]). A school in Cincinnati, Ohio is teaching the skills necessary for these children to translate, understand, and use other registers and codes of the English language. This article describes this curriculum and suggests that this method assists young children in poverty to learn the language of formal register and consequently experience greater academic and affective success in school.     

Reply to Cameron et al.: Mistakes Were Made. Can They Be Corrected?

Cameron, Cameron, and Proctor (2017 Cameron, P., Cameron, K. M., &; Proctor, K. (2017). Children of homosexuals more apt to become homosexual and experience parental molestation: Surveys over three decades. Marriage &; Family Review, 53, 429–433. doi:10.1080/01494929.2017.1279942[Taylor &; Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]) have complained that Cameron and Cameron (1996 Cameron, P., &; Cameron, K. (1996). Homosexual parents. Adolescence, 31, 757–776.[PubMed], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) were not cited in some articles authored by this journal’s editor. As part of this editor’s policy of welcoming critiques of the editor or articles published in Marriage &; Family Review, we are pleased to respond, as part of an assignment for a graduate course in statistics and research design. Although remarkable for its time in terms of sample design, Cameron and Cameron’s (1996 Cameron, P., &; Cameron, K. (1996). Homosexual parents. Adolescence, 31, 757–776.[PubMed], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) research featured substantial limitations or ambiguity in sampling attrition, measurement of parental sexual orientation, and small sample size with respect to the number of children with same-sex parents. Although we cannot recall the exact reasons for which the editor neglected to cite Cameron and Cameron (1996 Cameron, P., &; Cameron, K. (1996). Homosexual parents. Adolescence, 31, 757–776.[PubMed], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) in more frequency or detail, there were many scientifically reasonable possibilities. Cameron et al. (2017 Cameron, P., Cameron, K. M., &; Proctor, K. (2017). Children of homosexuals more apt to become homosexual and experience parental molestation: Surveys over three decades. Marriage &; Family Review, 53, 429–433. doi:10.1080/01494929.2017.1279942[Taylor &; Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]) are welcome to respond in detail to our concerns.