探讨职业锚的新视角

职业锚是指人们选择和发展自己的职业时所围绕的中心,是人最看重的职业中那种至关重要的、核心的价值观。本文在综合国内外职业锚相关研究的基础上,从职业锚的内涵、结构模型、测量工具以及影响因素等方面对职业锚的研究进行述评,并针对完善职业锚的理论框架、职业锚标准化测量工具的开发以及职业锚本土化研究三方面进行总结和展望。     

企业员工职业成长研究:量表编制和效度检验

本文构建并检验了职业成长四维结构模型,开发了员工职业成长测量量表。在文献研究的基础上,分析了职业成长与相关概念之间的联系与差异。采用访谈、半结构化问卷获取原始数据,结合国外相关研究量表,经归类、汇总和预试修订等多个步骤确定职业成长初始量表。通过项目分析、探索性因素分析等方法筛选确定正式量表,运用验证性因素分析验证了职业成长的四维结构模型。实证研究发现,员工职业成长是个四因素构想,包括职业目标进展、职业能力发展、晋升速度和报酬增长。论文还对继续深入开展员工职业成长研究提出了几点展望。     

中国情境下的精神型领导模型与测量研究

针对基于西方文化提出的精神型领导概念,试图在中国情景下验证其模型与测量工具的适用性.在文献梳理的基础上,通过探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析发现,中国情景下的精神型领导内容包括愿景和利他之爱2个维度,愿景维度由9个测量题目构成,利他之爱由11个测量题目构成.经过实证研究,构建了中国文化情景下精神型领导的二维模型,并开发了具有较高信度和效度的测量工具.     

服务业员工工匠精神的结构维度探索与测量量表开发

采用定性和定量研究方法相结合的方式,借助扎根理论对服务业员工工匠精神的结构维度进行了探索性研究,并在此基础上开发并检验了测量量表。研究结果表明,服务业员工的工匠精神是一个具有丰富内涵的多维度构念,包含职业承诺、服务追求、持续创新、能力素养、履职信念、传承关怀6个维度,其测量量表由6个因子、24个题项构成。因子分析的结果表明,所开发量表的信度和效度检验均达到理想水平。     

心理契约研究述评

从心理契约的概念界定、结构维度、形成过程、违背及后果4个方面对心理契约的研究现状进行了逐一梳理,指出了目前已取得的成果,分析了存在的问题。认为心理契约未来研究的发展趋势是:研究范围不断扩展,呈现出多层面立体交叉的格局;将在理论与实证研究互动的基础上,进一步廓清心理契约理论框架;在心理契约双向视角的实证研究中,开发双向责任的有效测量工具将是未来值得期待的一个研究方向;心理契约的问题将成为一个多学科交叉渗透的研究领域。     

变革型领导和交易型领导的回顾与展望

文章回顾了变革型和交易型领导的文献资料,对他们的概念、结构以及测量工具等进行综合分析,总结变革型领导和交易型领导的作用机制,最后从权变分析和层次分析的角度提出未来研究的方向。     

高校人力资源管理实践的最优维度结构及其实证研究

本文通过问卷、关键事件访谈等形式采集样本数据,并利用结构方程方法进行实证与理论分析,提出了我国高校人力资源管理实践的最优维度结构。我们首先使用探索性因子分析得出六个维度结构,然后通过验证性因子分析验证了其最优性。我们经研究发现,我国高校人力资源管理实践的最优维度结构可由六个维度构成,即员工的配置与选拔、激励机制、职业安全、员工参与、绩效管理与基于战略的人力资源规划。该最优维度结构为我国高校人力资源管理评价提供了理论依据和测量工具．     

国外参与式管理研究述评

本文对参与式管理的相关研究文献进行回顾,首先分别从过程观和实践形式等角度界定参与式管理的概念,明确其操作性定义;基于四维结构模型分类,基于五维结构模型开发研究工具。其次,分别从个人和组织角度分析参与式管理的主要影响因素及可能的影响效应;最后,从管理效能、跨文化比较、作用机制、研究方法等角度对参与式管理的未来研究方向提出建议。     

供应商网络形态构念及实证研究

依据嵌入性理论,从结构嵌入、关系嵌入、认知嵌入和规范嵌入4个层面,对制造企业供应商网络形态构念进行理论分析,归纳并初步提取制造企业供应商网络形态构念的主要要素.在此基础上结合企业访谈,开发供应商网络形态构念的测量工具.以中国制造企业为研究对象,进行大样本问卷调查,利用SPSS软件对回收的有效问卷进行探索性因子分析,得出供应商网络形态构念的5个维度,利用SPSS和AMOS软件对由该5个维度组成的供应商网络形态测量量表进行检验.研究结果表明,供应商网络形态测量量表具有较好的信度和效度,供应商网络形态由认知一致性、组织之间关系、协调机制、网络位置和网络结构5个维度组成.研究开发的供应商网络形态测量量表实现了对供应商网络形态构念的定量测量,为制造企业供应商网络形态的研究提供可借鉴的测量工具,有利于对制造企业设计和管理供应商网络问题进行更深入和广泛的研究.     

职业妥协研究:量表开发及对职业承诺与工作倦怠的预测作用

本文在整合了已有职业妥协相关研究的基础上,探讨了职业妥协的概念和结构,并通过访谈、开放式问卷调查等方法初步编制了职业妥协量表;运用项目分析、探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析等方法,对初步编制的量表进行修订和验证。结果表明,员工职业妥协的主要结构包括发展机会妥协、职业匹配妥协和社会期望妥协3个方面,所开发的量表具有良好的信度、效度。其次,本文基于两波次的数据,检验了职业妥协对后续的职业承诺与工作倦怠的影响作用,结果表明,职业妥协与职业承诺负相关,与工作倦怠正相关,在职业妥协的3个因子中,社会期望妥协对预测职业承诺和工作倦怠的增值效度最低,而职业匹配妥协的增值效度最高。     

The impact of international business education on career success—Evidence from Europe

In today's globalized world, career paths are becoming increasingly international, and so managers need respective cross-cultural strengths in order to act effectively in various cultural environments. Even though education—especially business education—is progressively becoming more international to meet these organizational demands, little is known about whether the extent of international business education influences careers, and in particular career success. In addressing this research deficit, we explore whether and how international business education affects career success. As the major contribution of this paper we suggest a conceptual framework which posits global identity and international experience as mediators of this relationship. The assumptions of this framework are confirmed by an investigation amongst 450 alumni of a European business school. Additional contributions include that we extend the limited body of research on the construct of international business education and its measurement, by providing an all-encompassing definition and much-needed operationalization. Furthermore, we contribute a European perspective on international business education through our empirical evidence.     

How displaying empathic concern may differentially predict career derailment potential for women and men leaders in Australia

Past research notes the importance of emotions in the workplace. Much less is known about the role that empathic concern, an affect-laden construct, plays in predicting a leader's career advancement using measures of one's upward mobility, such as career derailment potential. Data provided by practicing managers in Australia show that leaders who displayed behaviors that convey empathic concern receive lower ratings of career derailment potential. We also found that gender was a statistically significant moderator of these relationships. With boss rating of derailment potential as the outcome, the negative relationship between empathic concern and derailment potential was statistically significant for women only. With peer ratings of derailment potential as the outcome, the negative relationship between empathic concern and derailment potential was stronger for women than men. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.     

Development and Measurement Validity of a Task-Technology Fit Instrument for User Evaluations of Information System

Although many researchers have raised concerns about the lack of theoretical underpinnings for the user evaluation construct and the lack of measurement validity for specific instruments measuring it, the construct is still widely used in IS research. This paper reports on the development and measurement validity of a diagnostic tool used in recently published research to evaluate an organization's overall information systems and services. A distinctive feature of this instrument is that it is conceptually based on the task-technology fit theory in which the correspondence between information systems functionality and task requirements leads to positive user evaluations, and positive performance impacts. Specifically, the instrument development was guided by a task model of managerial decision making using recorded organizational information. This model suggested the different information systems functionalities required by users for that task, which then serve as the basis for a “task-technology fit” (TTF) instrument. The instrument thus measures the degree to which an organization's information systems and services meet the information needs of its managers. An extensive test of the measurement validity of the instrument is conducted using a sample of 357 users in 10 companies. It is found to have excellent reliability and discriminant validity for 12 dimensions of TTF, and also exhibits strong predictive validity. Finally, the instrument is compared to two other well-known user evaluation instruments. Though no single instrument can meet all needs, the instrument presented here should be considered an attractive option for researchers and practitioners seeking to measure the effectiveness of organizational information systems.     

Those Glass Chains that Bind You: How British Muslim Women Professionals Experience Career,Faith and Family

This paper contributes to gender and diversity research through proposing a new theoretical construct: glass chains. We develop ‘glass chains’ as a metaphor to illuminate how highly educated British Pakistani Muslim women professionals in the UK negotiate a fine balance between faith, family and personal ambition. Using a qualitative approach, we highlight tensions between religious and familial guidance within Islam, and workplace practices. Drawing upon the construct of ‘glass chains’, we articulate how 37 British Pakistani Muslim career women felt bound, by invisible glass chains, to the tenets of their faith. We show how the pull of glass chains obliged these women to resist certain career‐advancing opportunities. In so doing, we borrow from French philosopher Michel Foucault ideas about self‐oriented moral codes, engaging with his arguments that individuals may prioritize, over other obligations, the ties (or glass chains) which bind them to personal value sets in order that they may become ‘ethical selves’. While previous glass metaphors highlight barriers to female progression from external and structural angles, ‘glass chains’ are, by contrast, concerned with the potential for internal and personal constraints on women's ambitions. The metaphor ‘glass chains’ may be extended to enhance understanding of career constraints among other workers.     

Designing effective team-based performance measurement systems: an integrated approach

Measuring the performance of teams and, in particular, designing effective team-based performance measurement systems (TPMS) can be a difficult task. The purpose of this paper is to take the reader through the development and testing of a construct that provides an integrated approach to facilitate the design of TPMS. This construct was developed and tested based on a rigorous set of criteria adopted from constructive research theory as well as from existing performance measurement literature. The construct was tested in a series of workshops described in this paper. The data gathered during these workshops demonstrates the novelty and validity of the construct. The paper should be of interest to managers, team leaders and indeed anyone who is interested in monitoring and managing team performance. The paper will also be of interest to academics working in the fields of performance measurement and team management.     

A Review of Political Skill: Current Research Trend and Directions for Future Research

This paper reviews theoretical and empirical research on the use of political skill in organizations and proposes some agendas for future research. Although political skill is a relatively new construct in organizational politics research, a large number of theoretical and empirical studies have been conducted. Five major themes were identified in previous research. These are: (a) definition and measurement of political skill; (b) political skill and stress management; (c) political skill and career success; (d) political skill and individual performance; and (e) political skill and leadership effectiveness. This review critically examines previous empirical studies in light of this theoretical background and points out that, although previous empirical studies support the theoretically assumed effects of political skills, they fail to confirm how and why these skills bring about these effects. Based on this examination, the author suggests the examination of mediators and dimensional differences derived from theory that can lead to more effective exploration of the impact of political skill. In addition, several issues for future research are proposed, which may provide useful insights for both literature and practice.     

Capital Mobilization of Skilled Migrants: A Relational Perspective

A central issue for understanding skilled migration in the management literature is human capital. This emphasis ignores other important forms of capital mobilization that skilled migrants from developing countries deploy in dealing with the barriers to their international career mobility. There is therefore a need to develop a holistic understanding of capital mobilization of skilled migrants. In order to develop a more holistic picture, we deploy a relational and multilevel perspective to explore how skilled migrants from developing countries mobilize capital in their efforts to undertake an international career. Career is a central construct in this study. Drawing on a qualitative study of skilled Lebanese in Paris, the paper offers two main contributions to the research on human resource management, in particular to the literatures on skilled migration and self‐initiated expatriation. First it extends our understanding of the strategies that skilled migrants use to relocate from a developing country to an industrialized country. Beyond the traditional human capital perspective, it offers insights about migrants' capital mobilization experiences of undertaking international mobility. Second, using Bourdieu's theory of capital, it offers a relational explanation of their capital mobilization in a way to encompass micro‐individual, meso‐organizational and macro‐contextual influences that affect their career choices.     

Construct Measurement in Information Systems Research: An Illustration in Strategic Systems

This study seeks to highlight construct measurement issues in information systems (IS) research. It describes the normative process of construct measurement and identifies the difficult problems involved in measurement and some ways in which these difficulties may be overcome. An illustrative construct-operationalization study in the area of strategic systems outlines how the normative guidelines may be applied to IS. Some specific recommendations for IS include developing a preliminary model of the construct even if there is little previous measurement research, devoting greater attention to predictive validity because a lack of theories in IS precludes the examination of nomological validity, verifying the assumptions underlying the computation of an overall index, and examining the measurement properties of the index.