组织支持感中介作用下的家长式领导对员工工作疏离感的影响

以195名员工为被试,探讨了家长式领导的3个维度,即仁慈领导、德行领导与威权领导对员工工作疏离感的影响及其作用机制。研究表明,仁慈领导对员工工作疏离感有显著的负向影响,德行领导对员工工作疏离感的影响不显著,威权领导对员工工作疏离感有显著的正向影响;组织支持感在仁慈领导与员工工作疏离感之间起完全中介作用,在威权领导与员工工作疏离感之间起部分中介作用。     

基于信任氛围感知与个体主义作用视角的诚信型领导对员工工作态度的影响

通过问卷调查343位被试,从工作需求-资源模型的视角,探讨了诚信型领导对员工态度和行为影响的中介机制及情景因素,包括信任氛围感知、工作投入、组织承诺和个体主义。研究发现,诚信型领导对员工工作投入和组织承诺均有显著正向影响;诚信型领导通过信任氛围感知的中介作用影响员工工作投入及组织承诺;个体主义对信任氛围感知与员工工作投入、组织承诺之间的关系具有调节作用,员工的个体主义越高,信任氛围感知对员工工作投入、组织承诺的积极影响越小。     

社会责任型人力资源管理如何降低员工亲组织非伦理行为：道德效力和伦理型领导的作用

基于社会认知理论,本研究从道德效力的视角探究社会责任型人力资源管理(SRHRM)对员工亲组织非伦理行为的影响机制,关注了道德效能和道德勇气的中介作用,并进一步探讨了伦理型领导的调节作用。本文以320名员工为样本的实证分析表明：SRHRM与亲组织非伦理行为显著负相关;道德效能和道德勇气在SRHRM与亲组织非伦理行为间起中介作用;伦理型领导能够增强SRHRM与道德效能和道德勇气间的正向关系;伦理型领导正向调节SRHRM通过道德效能和道德勇气影响员工亲组织非伦理行为的中介作用。本研究不仅丰富了亲组织非伦理行为的影响因素研究,还为企业降低员工亲组织非伦理行为提供管理启示。     

宽恕的代价：领导宽恕、员工道德推脱与工作场所越轨行为的关系研究

以往大多数研究探讨领导宽恕的积极影响，而忽视了其负面影响。本文探索了领导宽恕与员工工作场所越轨行为之间的关系，并分析了员工道德推脱的中介作用和员工共情的调节效应。本文以306名员工与71名部门主管为样本，采用多层线性模型、跨层次有调节的中介效应等方法进行统计分析。研究结果表明：(1)员工共情在领导宽恕与员工道德推脱之间起调节作用。当员工共情水平较低时，领导宽恕对员工道德推脱有正向影响；而当员工共情水平较高时，两者的相关不显著。(2)当员工共情水平较低时，领导宽恕通过员工道德推脱的中介作用，进而正向影响员工越轨行为。而当员工共情水平较高时，道德推脱的间接效应不显著。     

工会道德型领导对员工亲组织不道德行为的影响研究

亲组织不道德行为(UPB)已成为领导力研究领域的热点问题。基于“双重组织道德情境-员工行为”的逻辑,本文引入工会道德型领导作为员工UPB的新的前因变量,并探讨其对企业道德型领导与员工UPB的关系的调节作用。以341名企业工会成员为样本,研究结果表明：(1)企业道德型领导与员工UPB之间呈“先升后降”的倒U型曲线关系,并且工会道德型领导在其基础上对员工UPB具有额外的抑制作用;(2)工会道德型领导对企业道德型领导与员工UPB的曲线关系具有负向缓冲作用,随着工会道德型领导水平由低到高变化,企业道德型领导对员工UPB的作用逐渐减弱;(3)工会道德型领导对企业道德型领导与员工UPB之间的曲线关系具有正向纠偏作用,随着工会道德型领导水平由低到高变化,企业道德型领导和员工UPB之间的曲线会逐渐扭转为边际递减的趋势。研究结果不仅丰富了员工UPB的抑制性影响因素的研究,还能够为企业完善道德型领导管理、规避道德风险提供实践指导。     

道德领导对员工创新绩效的影响:社会交换的中介作用和权力距离取向的调节作用

本文基于社会交换理论,采用由202位下属及其领导构成的领导—下属配对数据探讨了道德领导对员工创新绩效的影响及其传导机制。实证检验的结果表明,道德领导对员工创新绩效和社会交换有正向影响作用,社会交换在道德领导与员工创新绩效之间起中介作用。而权力距离取向不仅调节了社会交换与员工创新绩效之间的关系,还进一步调节了社会交换在道德领导与员工创新绩效之间关系中的中介效应,即员工的权力距离取向水平越高,道德领导通过社会交换对员工创新绩效的间接影响作用越强。本文的研究发现有助于深入认识道德领导影响员工创新绩效的潜在中间机制和边界条件,并有效指导企业的创新管理实践。     

领导行为与人际关系对酒店企业群体内聚力的影响及其后果

以组织行为和管理理论中关于群体内聚力的讨论为基础,实证探讨了中国酒店企业中,领导行为与员工之间的人际关系对群体内聚力的影响,以及群体内聚力与员工工作满意感之间的关系.研究结果表明:人际关系、任务导向型领导行为和体恤支持型领导行为会正向影响群体内聚力,但创新适应型领导行为对群体内聚力的影响不显著;群体内聚力对员工工作满意感有显著正向影响;群体内聚力对于人际关系和员工工作满意感之间的关系,以及任务导向型领导行为和员工工作满意感之间的关系有完全的中介作用,对于体恤支持型领导行为和员工工作满意感之间的关系有部分的中介作用,但对于创新适应型领导行为和员工工作满意感之间的关系却无中介作用.最后,讨论了研究结果的应用.     

基于员工优势的领导对员工创新行为的影响机制研究

基于资源保存理论,以296位组织员工为样本,实证研究发现：基于员工优势的领导对员工创新行为存在正向影响,组织自豪在二者关系之间起部分中介作用;在部门工作年限显著调节基于员工优势的领导对组织自豪的影响,调节基于员工优势的领导经由组织自豪的中介对创新行为的间接影响,即对工作年限长的员工,这些影响效应更强。     

自我牺牲型领导对员工知识共享的作用机制

知识共享能够提高组织创新能力和增强组织可持续性竞争优势。直接领导者作为组织的代理人,其领导行为或方式应会显著影响员工知识共享的意愿,但以往鲜有研究对此议题进行实证探讨。本研究采用214份上司—下属配对调查数据,考察了自我牺牲型领导对员工知识共享的影响效果,尤其是领导信任的中介作用和员工传统性的调节作用。层次回归分析的结果表明:(1)自我牺牲型领导对员工知识共享具有显著的正向预测效果;(2)领导信任在自我牺牲型领导与员工知识共享之间起完全中介作用;(3)员工传统性对自我牺牲型领导与员工的领导信任之间的关系具有显著的调节效应,员工传统性越高,二者之间的正向关系越弱。     

包容型领导对一线员工服务创新的影响研究

基于社会信息加工理论,本文构建了包容型领导对一线员工服务创新行为影响的实证研究模型。通过对8家企业展开两阶段问卷调查,最终获得了184份有效上下级配对样本。统计分析结果表明,包容型领导对员工服务创新具有显著的正向影响;心理安全感在包容型领导与员工服务创新之间起到部分中介作用;绩效目标导向负向调节心理安全感与员工服务创新之间的关系。     

Perceiving freedom givers: Effects of granting decision latitude on personality and leadership perceptions

A perennial question facing managers is how much decision latitude to give their employees at work. The current research investigates how decision latitude affects employees' perceptions of managers' personalities and, in turn, their leadership effectiveness. Results from three studies using different methods (two experiments and a survey) indicate an inverted-U shaped relationship between degree of decision latitude and leadership effectiveness perceptions. The increase in leadership effectiveness perception between low and moderate decision latitude was explained by an increase in perceived agreeableness; the decrease in leadership effectiveness perception between moderate and high decision latitude was explained by a decrease in perceived conscientiousness. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.     

Proactivity Directed Toward the Team and Organization: The Role of Leadership, Commitment and Role-breadth Self-efficacy

Employees' proactive behaviour is increasingly important for organizations seeking to adapt in uncertain economic environments. This study examined the link between leadership and proactive behaviour. We differentiated between organizational leadership and team leadership and proposed that transformational leadership by team leaders would enhance commitment to the team, which would predict team member proactivity. In contrast, transformational leadership by leaders of the organization would enhance commitment to the organization, which we expected to predict organization member proactivity. Transformational leadership on both levels was expected to increase employees' role-breadth self-efficacy, the confidence necessary to engage in proactive behaviour. Our results demonstrate the importance of leadership as an antecedent of proactive work behaviour and suggest that leadership at different levels influences proactivity via different mediators. Transformational team leaders seem to facilitate proactivity by increasing employees' confidence to initiate change. Transformational organizational leaders on the other hand increase proactivity by enhancing employees' commitment to the organization.     

Leading for change: line managers’ influence on the outcomes of an occupational health intervention

Line managers may play a central role in the success of occupational health interventions. However, few studies have focussed on the relationship between line managers’ behaviours and the outcomes of occupational health interventions. We examined the influence of both line managers’ attitudes and actions towards an intervention as well as their transformational leadership on the expected outcomes of the intervention (i.e. employee self-rated health and work ability). The intervention consisted of the implementation and use of a web-based system for occupational health management. A sample of 180 employees provided data for the analysis. Self-rated health and work ability were measured at the baseline (Time 1) and follow-up (Time 3), while employee ratings of line managers’ attitudes and actions, and transformational leadership were measured during the intervention process (Time 2). The results revealed that line managers’ attitudes and actions positively predicted changes in both self-rated health and work ability. The influence of transformational leadership was indirect and mediated through line managers’ attitudes and actions towards the intervention. Based on the results, we suggest using process measures that include aspects of both line managers’ attitudes and actions as well as their transformational leadership in future process evaluation.     

The impact of ethical leadership within the recruitment context: The roles of organizational reputation,applicant personality,and value congruence

The present research examined the effects of corporate executive officer (CEO) ethical leadership on the job pursuit attitudes and behaviors of prospective job applicants. Furthermore, this paper tested two potential mediatory mechanisms for explaining why CEO ethicality matters to prospective applicants: perceived organizational reputation (Study 1) and perceived value congruence with the CEO or person–CEO fit (Study 2). The results of Study 1 showed that job seekers at a career fair were more likely to apply for a job with an ethical CEO's company, compared to that of a morally-questionable CEO or one whose ethicality was unknown. The results also showed that perceived organizational reputation mediated the relationship between CEO ethicality and job pursuit. These findings were replicated in Study 2. In addition, Study 2 showed that perceived value congruence with the CEO also mediated the link between CEO ethicality and job pursuit, although this effect was conditional on the Honesty–Humility personality of the prospective job applicant. These findings highlight the potential relevance of executive ethical leadership within the recruitment context.     

变革型领导与员工对组织变革认同感的关系研究

通过对25家科技型企业的360名员工的问卷调查,研究变革型领导风格与员工对组织变革认同感之间的关系.结果显示:变革型领导风格对组织变革过程和组织变革认同感都有显著的正效应;组织变革过程对变革型领导风格与组织变革认同感关系有一定的中介作用.研究表明,变革型领导在组织变革时期是一种有效的领导风格.     

How bad are the effects of bad leaders? A meta-analysis of destructive leadership and its outcomes

While the focus on constructive leadership still dominates leadership research, an increasing number of studies investigate different forms of destructive leadership. This meta-analysis integrates different conceptualizations of destructive leadership and analyzes the relationship between destructive leadership and outcome variables. The search for articles yielded more than 200 studies of which 57 could be included in the meta-analysis. Results indicate the expected negative correlations with positive followers' outcomes and behaviors (e.g., attitudes towards the leader, well-being, and individual performance) and positive correlations with negative outcomes (e.g., turnover intention, resistance towards the leader, counterproductive work behavior). As expected, the highest correlation arises between destructive leadership and attitudes towards the leader. Surprisingly, the next highest correlation was found between destructive leadership and counterproductive work behavior. After discussing the results, an agenda for future research is proposed. Given the negative impact of destructive leadership, more knowledge is especially necessary regarding what triggers destructive leadership.     

Shaping emotional reactions to ethical behaviors: Proactive personality as a substitute for ethical leadership

Due to ethical lapses of leaders, interest in ethical leadership has grown, raising important questions about the responsibility of leaders in ensuring moral and ethical conduct. However, research on ethical leadership has failed to examine the active role that followers' attributes play in enhancing or minimizing the influence of ethical leadership in organizational outcomes. We applied the substitutes for leadership approach (Kerr & Jermier, 1978) to ethical leadership and predicted that proactive personality acts as substitute in the relationship between ethical leadership, workplace emotions and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). Data from two distinct samples offered strong support for the hypotheses. Specifically, we found that ethical leadership was significantly and negatively related to negative workplace emotions when subordinate proactive personality was low, but not when it was high, with consequences for OCBs. These findings suggest that proactive personality constitutes an important moderator on the impact of low ethical leadership on workplace emotions, with consequences for OCBs.     

Reviewing Leadership Styles: Overlaps and the Need for a New ‘Full‐Range’ Theory

A central topic in leadership research concerns the impact of leadership style – the pattern of attitudes that leaders hold and behaviors they exhibit. Since the year 2000, several new leadership styles have been proposed to capture important missing aspects beyond the dominant charismatic/transformational and transactional framework. The authors review the emerging literature on these new styles – ideological leadership, pragmatic leadership, authentic leadership, ethical leadership, spiritual leadership, distributed leadership, and integrative public leadership – as well as the recent work on servant leadership. They also comment on the Ohio State studies on leadership, and then discuss the ways in which these many styles overlap with transformational leadership and each other, and issue a call to leadership researchers to collectively develop a new ‘full‐range’ model of leadership that encompasses and distills what is unique about these various styles. The authors argue that such an integrated full‐range model is necessary for research on leadership style to progress.     

Ethical leadership and group in-role performance: The mediating roles of group conscientiousness and group voice

In this paper, we propose that ethical leadership will lead to higher group in-role performance. Building from and integrating several different research streams, we argue that two key mechanisms for this effect are group conscientiousness (an emergent state) and group voice (a group process). We collected survey data at three points in time from 80 groups of nurses and the groups' leaders. The results provide support for all of our hypotheses. There was a positive relationship between employee ratings of ethical leadership (Time 1) and leader ratings of group in-role performance (Time 3). Group conscientiousness and group voice (Time 2) both partially mediated this relationship. These results contribute to our understanding of leadership and group effectiveness not only by showing that ethical leadership has a positive influence on group in-role performance, but also by identifying specific norms and group-level behaviors that help to account for this relationship.     

Can a leader be seen as too ethical? The curvilinear effects of ethical leadership

Ethical leadership predicts important organizational outcomes such as decreased deviant and increased organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). We argued that due to the distinct nature of these two types of employee behaviors, ethical leadership decreases deviance in a linear manner (i.e., more ethical leadership leading to less deviance), but we expected ethical leadership to reveal a curvilinear relationship with respect to OCB. Specifically, we expected that, at lower levels, ethical leadership promotes OCB. However, at high levels, ethical leadership should lead to a decrease in these behaviors. We also examined a mechanism that explains this curvilinear pattern, that is, followers' perceptions of moral reproach. Our predictions were supported in three organizational field studies and an experiment. These findings offer a better understanding of the processes that underlie the workings of ethical leadership. They also imply a dilemma for organizations in which they face the choice between limiting deviant employee behavior and promoting OCB.