中西文化差异对科技型人才聚集效应的影响分析

论述了科技型人才聚集效应的概念、特征,分析了中西文化的差异,进一步探讨了中西文化差异对科技型人才聚集效应的正负面影响,旨在借鉴西方文化精华的基础上,充分发挥中国传统文化的积极作用,抑制其消极作用,全面提升科技型人才聚集的经济性效应.     

硅谷与中关村人才聚集效应及环境比较研究

人才的流动会出现人才聚集现象,而人才聚集现象在和谐环境中将产生1 1>2的人才聚集效应。这种聚集效应能极大地促进人才作用的发挥,有效地推动区域技术创新和高新技术产业的发展。在分析人才聚集效应及其环境的基础上,通过对硅谷和中关村的人才聚集效应及环境的比较,探讨了各种环境因素对人才聚集效应的影响,并提出了优化中关村人才聚集环境的基本对策,旨在促进人才聚集效应的产生和提升。     

母子公司文化控制与子公司效能研究

集团文化控制是指集团公司通过愿景、共同信念控制子公司.本研究通过专家访谈,构建了中国情境下的文化控制量表,包括文化培训和沟通、共同价值观、协作和融合、制度一致性四个维度.实证结果表明,整体而言母子公司文化控制程度越高,子公司效能越高;子公司行业类型对文化控制与子公司效能的关系产生影响,且新兴行业比传统行业的影响更加显著.     

浅谈企业文化建设的双层内涵

企业文化建设是企业持久发展的驱动力,企业的价值观就是企业的文化核心,企业文化建设与企业价值观的结合表现为"对内和对外"两层含义,"对内"表现为员工工作信念培养,即员工价值趋向包括工作理想、奋斗的终极目标等。"对外"表现为企业的品牌理念建设,即市场范围内企业社会价值的趋向,表现为品牌影响力和信誉度等。员工工作信念和企业的品牌信誉作为企业文化建设的两翼体现着企业的价值观与员工价值观、市场价值观的有机结合,本文拟从企业文化建设实践中理顺企业文化建设的双层内涵,寻求企业文化建设对企业可持续发展的重要影响力。     

中小企业人才聚集效应的虚拟化实现

针对中小企业人才缺乏的现状,借鉴人才聚集效应和信息管理等相关理论,打破传统人才定义,将人才以虚拟角色为单位进行划分;并按照一定的规则建立复合虚拟角色,最终实现虚拟人才功能的实体化,在短时间内有效地扩大企业人才规模,使之达到并超过实现人才聚集效应的最低规模要求;进而通过对虚拟人才的管理和激励来实现人才聚集效应,提高企业效益和竞争力.     

建设以人为中心的企业文化

<正> 企业文化是指企业全体员工在长期的生产经营活动中培育形成并共同遵循的最高目标,价值标准,基本信念及行为规范。其中,价值观是企业文化的核心,企业要努力培育“生死与共”的价值观,使全体员工增强主人翁意识,实现“人企合一”。即在建立现代企业制度的过程中,注重建设以人为中心的企业文化,转变经营观念,提高自身的亲和力、凝聚力和竞争力,从而最大限度地提高企业经济效益。     

中外快餐企业的企业文化比较——以肯德基与真功夫快餐为例

企业文化是一个组织由其价值观、信念、仪式、符号、处事方式等组成的其特有的文化形象。迪尔和肯尼迪把企业文化整个理论系统概述为5个要素,我将从企业环境、价值观、英雄人物、文化仪式和文化网络五个方面全面分析肯德基与真功夫快餐在企业文化方面的差异。从而了解企业文化的作用。     

科技型人才聚集效应与组织冲突消减的研究

科技型人才聚集既可能出现1 1>2的积极作用(经济性效应),也可能出现组织冲突,增加内耗,产生1 1<2的消极作用(不经济性效应)。通过组织行为学和聚集经济等理论与方法,界定了科技型人才聚集效应的概念、特征;研究了科技型人才聚集中,产生组织冲突的人才个性特征冲突动因、人才沟通冲突动因、结构冲突动因、权利与利益冲突动因以及竞争环境动因。在此基础上,为消减科技型人才聚集中的组织冲突,充分发挥科技型人才作用,提出了有关化解和消减冲突的对策,对促进人才聚集现象向人才聚集效应转变提供了理论指导。     

以社会主义核心价值观引领高职院校校园文化建设研究

党的十八大对社会主义主义核心价值观提出了新要求,做出新部署,作为高职院校,加强以社会主义核心价值观引领校园文化建设,是践行社会主义核心价值观的有效途径和方式。本文在阐述社会主义核心价值观引领高职院校校园文化建设意义的基础上,探索了以社会主义核心价值观引领高职校园精神文化、物质文化、行为文化、制度文化的路径选择。     

文化建设是企业持续健康发展的动力源泉

<正>参观了成都兴城集团企业文化的现场,结合兴城集团的企业文化建设,我谈几点体会,与大家交流。第一,企业文化建设要充分发挥核心价值观的引领作用。对国家和民族来说,核心价值观是一个民族赖以维系的精神纽带,是一个国家共同的思想道德基础。对一个企业来说,核心价值观则是企业的灵魂,是企业在追求经营成功过程中所推崇的基本信念和判断     

家族逻辑、企业逻辑与家族企业成长——S公司案例研究

家族企业涉及家族和企业2个系统,前者以情感为维系逻辑,后者以能力效率为运营逻辑,二者之间既存在互补关系,也存在冲突。家族逻辑和企业逻辑之间能否平衡决定着家族企业成功的概率。S公司案例表明,在中国文化背景下,以"孝悌"为核心的家族伦理影响着创业者的家族地位和家族社会资本的汇集,进而影响家族企业的文化理念和社会责任。只有在制度理性的约束下,伦理文化才有利于企业运行效率的提升,因此,家族企业获得竞争优势的机制在于"家族伦理—企业伦理-制度理性"三者之间的有效制衡与共振。     

私人关系对投机行为的抑制作用何时更有效？——传统文化与市场经济双重伦理格局视角的研究

现有研究发现边界人员私人关系能够抑制渠道投机行为,但对于如何增强以上治理效果的研究仍十分有限,尤其缺乏本土语境下的研究。本研究遵从双重伦理格局,即传统文化伦理和市场经济伦理的引导,依据制度理论和渠道治理理论,分别在企业外部制度环境和企业内部管理要素层面,探索私人关系抑制投机行为的有利情境。通过收集双边匹配一手调查数据以及二手数据对研究假设进行实证检验,研究发现,在受儒家思想影响较深、市场化水平较高的地区以及在企业领导对边界人员支持力度较大的企业中,私人关系抑制投机行为的效果会增强。随着市场化水平的提高,儒家思想影响增强私人关系对投机行为抑制作用的效果愈发明显。本研究为双重伦理格局对私人关系抑制投机行为效果的影响提供了经验证据,回应了与私人关系治理机制相关的学术争论,有助于丰富本土语境下的渠道治理机制研究。     

Women's political leadership participation around the world: An institutional analysis

Understanding institutional systems is critical for the advancement of women's participation in leadership in varying contexts. A unique and global analysis of the contextual factors that affect women in political leadership, this paper extends prior research in the field. This is a cross-country study where we ask, “How are societal-level institutional forces related to women's participation in political leadership?” We collected data from 8 secondary sources on 181 countries and conducted linear regression analyses with six institutional influences: the business environment, societal development, the economic environment, physical and technological infrastructure, political freedom, and culture. Results indicate that to increase the political leadership participation of women, we need to evaluate the following: customs and trade regulations, graft, the gender gap in political empowerment, public spending on education, the economic viability of the country, access to power and the internet, political freedom, and cultural variables like performance orientation, collectivism, and power distance.     

Institutional Predictors of and Complements to Industry Self‐regulation with Regard to Labor Practices

In recent years, there has been increasing managerial and academic attention given to a variety of mechanisms for companies to respond to stakeholder concerns about global business ethics. One area that merits further analysis is the role of industry‐level cooperation regarding issues in global business ethics such as labor practices. There are two main issues that we will address in this article: institutional pressures that predict when an industry will create a code of conduct and institutional complements for an industry‐level code of conduct to be “successful” with regard to responding to stakeholder concerns about international business operations. We offer a number of propositions—bringing together work from both the corporate social responsibility and (neo)institutional theory literatures—with regard to both predictors and complements of industry self‐regulation in reference to labor practices.     

The influence of national culture and institutional voids on family ownership of large firms: A country level empirical study

There is considerable variation across countries in both the extent to which large publicly listed firms are family-owned and the dominance of such family-owned firms in stock markets. The literature presents competing theoretical viewpoints on what influences such country-level variation. On one hand, institutional economists suggest that institutional voids can have a strong influence. On the other hand, cultural sociologists suggest that a country's culture can have a strong influence. One type of institutional void is a lack of institutional norms and regulations needed for monitoring contracts (which can discourage owners from hiring professional agents for top management positions in their firms) and another type of institutional void is a lack of financial credit availability in the country. Cultural dimensions include collectivism (i.e. cohesion within in-groups/families) and power distance (i.e. inequalities in society). This country-level empirical study suggests that both national culture and institutional voids influence family ownership patterns around the world, and that institutional voids moderate the influence of national culture. National culture has a stronger influence when a country has institutional voids; however, the influence of national culture weakens when institutional voids are overcome.     

Unemployment,Labour Institutions and Innovation

ABSTRACT: This contribution endorses the transactional trilogy of institutional economics in order to suggest a theoretical framework for re-examining the relationships between unemployment, labour institutions, and technological and organisational innovation. Labour institutions are usually called into question in the debates on European unemployment. Although the advocates of the biased technological change thesis defend it in order to improve the employment of unskilled workers, this article argues that a deregulation of the labour market may in fact generate losses of dynamic efficiency with respect to knowledge accumulation, the organisation of production and national capabilities of innovation. In addition, the impact of technological and organisational innovation on employment partly depends on the capabilities of firms and nations to initiate institutional learning, regarding bargaining, managerial and rationing transactions.     

The privatization of British Telecom—Its impact on management

This article describes the series of changes which British Telecom has gone through over the last 10 years or so— changes which have often been dramatic and highly publicized. Faced with the challenges of the fast-changing business environment of the past decade—the most obvious of which was the technological revolution—British Telecom was perceived to be safe and reliable, but slow to change and expensive. Its strengths were the widespread understanding and acceptance of the need for change, its reservoir of the necessary skills and talent, a sound commercial infrastructure and a corporate culture. The author describes the organizational changes which have taken place and looks to a future where change is endemic if a business is to survive.     

Case studies of technology roadmapping in mining

Mining is a long established art with legacy processes and institutional structures that face rapidly changing technological environments. The perception is that technology planning and forecasting receives priority attention only as far as they may be linked to making production tonnage in the short term, thus giving the impression that new technology may be introduced without developing a culture and operational requirements that influence successful implementation of new technologies. With depleting ore grades of existing mines, and the prevailing global financial crisis making it prohibitive to develop richer sources, mining is considered to be short-term risk averse and this accentuates a more conservative approach towards technology planning and forecasting. Based on surveys and interviews with practicing miners, this paper discusses three case studies on the practice of technology planning and forecasting in mining firms. It is evident that technology planning and forecasting, and particularly the use of the roadmapping approach, is not a ‘culture’ common to mining firms.