Local Voices in an Internal Market: The Case of Community Health Services*

This paper presents findings from a study of contract specification and implementation in community health services (CHS). In this paper, we focus on one aspect of that study: the role of local people in informing the assessment of health needs and in determining the provision of community health services in the context of the NHS “internal market”. The paper is based on fieldwork undertaken in three districts within one region. Analysis of data obtained from these localities suggests that while there appears to be a genuine commitment to the principle of local involvement, ideas about how that involvement can be built into the activities of either purchasers or providers are less transparent.     

社区治理：公民社会的微观基础

本文试图通过分析“civil society”和“community”两个概念的具体内涵在中国学术话语中的变化历程,在一定程度上显示中国城市基层社区中公民社会的微观基础,以及这种微观基础与“社区共治”和社区“治理结构”的微妙联系,同时也提醒读者,要深刻揭示这种微妙联系,就必须把研究视角聚焦到具体行动空间的权力关系及协调机制。     

从社区治安到社区安全治理:城市社区关系的嬗变

随着社区治理的全球化兴起,社区安全治理也将随之受到关注。从社区治安转向社区安全治理的过程,伴随着对社区关系产生直接或间接的影响。本论文试图通过反思社区关系的可能变化来论证从社区治安转向社区安全治理的必然性,以此呈现出社区安全治理的优势。     

The Coordination of Welfare and Health Services in Australia

The report of the Task Force on Coordination in Welfare and Health (Bailey Report) is the most important single report on the organization of health and welfare services since the first Medibank Green Paper. It provides for the collapsing of a plethora of categorical grants into four broad ‘programme grants’. The effects of this report will be felt by most health and welfare organizations. It is the purpose of the article to review the main recommendations of the Task Force and of the related Report from the Committee on the Aged and the Infirm.     

Knowledge of Community Services Amongst The Aged

Knowledge of community services is clearly an important determinant of their use by the frail or disabled elderly. This paper describes the levels of knowledge amongst the aged in Sydney concerning such services, and explores the pathways by which information is disseminated. Awareness of community services was quite limited amongst the sample studied. The data suggest that many of the elderly may be inadequately informed of services which could serve as alternatives to institutional care.     

社区建设与治理转型

从统治到治理的转型90年代以来,“治理”(governance)的概念和理论模型开始出现于西方政治学界(俞可平,2000:11),国内也有学者对其概念进行过专门阐释。治理是Governance的中文译义之一,除治理外,Governance还有统治、指示、控制、支配等译义,但只有治理与统治是同一译支。Governance、Government都来源     

Community Development, Partnership Governance and Dilemmas of Professionalization: Profiling and Assessing the Case of Ireland

Over the last two decades, Ireland has emerged as a paradigmaticcase of partnership governance. Underpinned by state-facilitatednational agreements that sought to maximize economic and socialdevelopment, ‘partnership’ was also held to includethe development of progressive social policies. The ‘communityand voluntary sector’ has been both the site and purportedvehicle for these progressive policies. In this context, communitydevelopment emerged as a discourse of social action that wasboth popular with what Donnelly-Cox and Jaffro (1999) have inthe Irish context called ‘second generation communitydevelopment’, i.e. the emergence of self-activated localcommunity groups informed by a social justice ethos, and tothe Irish state as a route to social inclusion for an arrayof marginalized social groups. Since the early 1990s, thesegroups have been the recipients of significantly increased statefunding. This resource has had a dramatic effect on the structureand nature of community development. In this paper, we outlineand assess the model of community development that has emergedin Ireland during this period. Based on empirical data arisingfrom a nationwide survey of community workers, we profile theextent of state funding; the consequent employment profile ofcommunity development workers and the impact on volunteerism;and the nature and consequence of community development’semerging relationship with the Irish state.     

城市社区就业服务现状调查研究

社区就业服务有利于缓解社区居民就业压力,满足社区居民日益增长的多元化社区服务的需求,是社区和谐稳定的重要基础性服务工作。在对桂林市社区居民的就业服务与管理状况进行随机调查和分析基础上,提出了几点意见和建议。     

人口老龄化背景下的社区养老服务

人口老龄化的趋势不断加快是当前人口发展的态势,在传统家庭养老功能趋于弱化的同时,如何有效地建立满足老年人需求的服务体系是老年工作面临的挑战之一。本文结合老年人的身心特点阐述了社区养老服务的内涵及优越性,在分析了社区养老服务的现状及问题的基础上,提出了社区养老的发展思路和建议。     

城市社区就业服务现状调查研究

社区就业服务有利于缓解社区居民就业压力,满足社区居民日益增长的多元化社区服务的需求,是社区和谐稳定的重要基础性服务工作。在对桂林市社区居民的就业服务与管理状况进行随机调查和分析基础上,提出了几点意见和建议。     

人口老龄化背景下的社区养老服务

人口老龄化的趋势不断加快是当前人口发展的态势,在传统家庭养老功能趋于弱化的同时,如何有效地建立满足老年人需求的服务体系是老年工作面临的挑战之一.本文结合老年人的身心特点阐述了社区养老服务的内涵及优越性,在分析了社区养老服务的现状及问题的基础上,提出了社区养老的发展思路和建议.     

治理:社区建设的新视野

文章先简要介绍治理理论提出的历史、治理理论的涵义及主要论点、治理与统治概念的区别,然后由治理理论推导出社区治理的概念及其涵义,通过对国内社区治理相关研究成果的梳理和实践经验的总结,得出“由社会控制到社区治理的转变是社区建设的需要和必然”的结论,从而为我国十一五规划提出的“建设社会主义和谐社会”、“加强社会建设和完善社会管理体系”目标的实现提供新的理论视野。     

社区学习团队:推进社区治理不容忽视的力量

创新社区治理需要多元主体平等参与.作为社区教育中重要主体和客体的社区学习团队,因其广泛性、普遍性、群众性、草根性等特点,成为居民参与社区公共事务的平台,在开展各项活动中有机参与社区治理,发挥了积极有效的作用.完善优化社区学习团队推进社区治理,需要从基于社区治理意义角度,培育发展社区学习团队、加强社区学习团队自身建设、完善社区学习团队外在机制.     

The Curious Case of Self‐Interest: Inconsistent Effects and Ambivalence toward a Widely Accepted Construct

Self‐interest is widely accepted as a powerful motivator by both academics and laypeople alike. However, research surrounding the self‐interest motive paints a complicated picture of this most important psychological construct. Additionally, research on the social desirability of self‐interest has revealed that despite its widespread acceptance, people do not readily accept that self‐interest drives their own behaviors. This paper reviews the literature on self‐interest and reveals several curious features surrounding its actual effect on helping behaviors, political attitudes and voting, and people's apparent ambivalence toward self‐interest as a motive. It is possible that norms against the expression of self‐interestedness evolved, creating ambivalence towards this widely accepted construct, subsequently affecting its expression on many human behaviors.     

社区教育助推社区治理的思考

助推社区治理,是当前社区教育服务社区建设的重要议题,也是社区教育研究的热点命题。依据治理的基本特征,结合当前我国社区治理实践中存在的问题和困境,本文认为,社区教育应该从提升公众参与的组织化水平、提升居民的社区归属感、培育社区居民的现代公民意识等三个着力点推进社区治理创新。     

Consumer Participation in Community Health Services: Lessons from Overseas

Community and consumer participation in community health services (CHS) is first examined from the viewpoint of roles that such groups can play in reforming national health services. A number of options for Australian consumer participation are examined from the experience of other nations. The theoretical literature on participation is briefly examined for paradigms. Finally, the future of consumer participation in CHS is related to the fragmented social and industrial planning mosaic in Australia.