全球化与当代中国社会经济管理及发展问题

一、全球化与社会经济管理 全球化促进了经济、政治、文化、科技的全球化浪潮,其中,经济全球化是全球化的主轴,经济全球化的主要特点是资源跨国界的横向流动和跨国公司为主体的投资及经济活动在全球拓展,推动了资源在市场机制作用下在新的地域和经济领域重新配置.因此,在人类新的发展历程中,怎样加强社会经济管理,不仅关系到一个国家的稳定和发展,而且也关系到人类社会未来的发展.走向世界的中国,必须要研究全球化形势下新社会经济发展管理问题.     

经济全球化时代儒家思想的价值

现在报章杂志都在谈论全球化，这主要指经济全球化。20世纪的最后20年，原先主要局限于自己国家的经济要素以空前的规模和速度在全球范围内流动，世界各国经济的相互依赖性显著增强，表现出朝着无国界经济转变的趋势。如此的经济全球化对人们的生活方式、思维习惯和价值观念产生了深刻的影响，也使人们感到对传统儒家思想的价值有重新认识的必要。据我粗浅的研究，大概有以下几个方面需要重新认识儒家思想的价值。     

经济全球化与世界城市体系的形成

一、经济全球化 1.经济全球化的社会经济背景 首先是生产要素的国际流动。主要指劳动、资本和技术的国际流动。其次是跨国公司的壮大。跨国公司是战后发展起来的一种世界性的企业组织形成。三是信息革命的发生。以通讯技术和电子计算机结合为标志的信息     

全球化时代伊斯兰经济文化遭遇的挑战

全球化中的主导文化是西方文化.在利润最大化原则的指导下,西方资本主义经济文化沿着两条主线向全球进行辐射:一条是由商品化而导致的消费主义;另一条则是由市场化而导致的市场主义.伊斯兰与全球化在文化上的悖论实际上集中表现为伊斯兰文化与西方文化之间的悖论.与利益至上的西方经济文化所不同的是,伊斯兰经济文化属于伦理型文化,其伦理价值取向与西方文化存在着较大差异.     

经济全球化条件下的中国体育产业面临的机遇与挑战

随着经济全球化趋势的愈演愈烈,体育产业也正逐渐走向国际化,在这以背景下,我国体育产业已经取得了较快的发展与进步,但是也存在着一些发展中的不足。因此,本研究主要对经济全球化条件下我国体育产业发展面临的机遇与挑战进行分析,力图对加快我国体育产业体制和运行机制的改革,提升我国体育产业国际竞争力。     

以流行文化提升国家文化软实力的思考

经济全球化的发展导致文化也呈现全球化趋势,流行文化在我国经济文化发展中占据着不可动摇的地位,在内容上更加的发展成为流行趋势规模也被逐渐的增加,让流行文化不仅仅作为一种文化发展更成为国家文化的软实力代表。     

国际人才竞争的现状与主要特点

国际人才竞争的加剧，从根本上说是由经济全球化的进程决定的，尤其是经济全球化以及分工协作的深化，必然要求作为高级生产要素的人才走向自由流动，形成能够跨越国界的世界人才市场。同时，经济全球化与人才国际化又相互促进，全球化导致人才国际竞争。随着经济全球化在未来的进一步深化，国际人才在世界竞争格局当中还将发挥举足轻重的作用。综合来说，当前国际人才竞争主要体现如下特点：     

经济全球化视阈下大学生爱国主义教育探析

人类社会发展进入21世纪,经济、科技等方面飞速前进,全球化已然成为不可阻挡的趋势向全世界蔓延开来。作为全球化的参与者,我国在全球化进程中扮演着十分重要的角色。经济全球化,作为全球化发展中的重中之重,成为各个国家维护自己利益的焦点问题。大学生的爱国主义教育,在经济全球化背景下,逐渐成为必须处理好的问题之一。经济全球化与爱国主义教育之间的关系,必须辩证对待,并妥善解决其中可能出现的问题,才能使经济全球化这把双刃剑的作用发挥得恰到好处。     

经济全球化与中东国家石油战略调整(一)

经济全球化是世界经济发展的必然趋势.随着这一趋势的不断走强,中东国家越来越深刻地认识到,只有增强自身的经济实力,提高竞争力,才是国家生存、实现经济与社会的稳定和持续发展的根本保障.石油产业是多数中东产油国社会经济的重要组成部分.中东国家为实现经济来源多样化,实施石油发展战略,以增强在经济全球化过程中参与国际竞争的能力,是势在必然,不断调整和完善其石油战略,则是增强自身竞争力的一个实践过程.     

全球化进程中的阿拉伯经济

进入21世纪,阿拉伯经济面临机遇更面临挑战.全球化推动了阿拉伯经济私有化、区域化和一体化的进程,也使阿拉伯经济受到单一化、依附化和边缘化的挑战.在全球化条件下,阿拉伯经济能否消除欧美经济集团争夺的阴影,摆脱战争和冲突的危机,开创阿拉伯经济一体化的新局面,顺利融入全球化经济,直接关系到阿拉伯经济在全球化中的生存空间和发展前途.     

Back and Forth and Beyond

The Journal invited Tom Andersen, author of major pioneering work on the reflecting team, and his colleagues, to offer comment on The Reflecting Team Process in Training. We thought such a north-south dialogue was in keeping with the spirit of reflecting teams, and the team members in Melbourne and Tromsø agree — Editor.     

Time and aging--mechanisms and meanings

A recent European Molecular Biology Laboratory Conference on Science and Society entitled "Time & Aging--Mechanisms & Meanings" fascinated scientists from different research areas as well as nonscientists. Topics discussed included not only the biological aging process but also the psychological effects of aging and social influences that affect this process.     

Arts and Crafts and Reconstruction

Abstract

This paper examines the role of arts and crafts in reconstructing communities after times of upheaval, their use in creating employment opportunities, and their impact on the nature of South African art history. It looks at craft initiatives during and after the Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002, and draws parallels with early twentieth-century initiatives, particularly those of Florence Phillips, who founded the Johannesburg Art Gallery in 1910, Emily Hobhouse, who established Boer home industries, and the South African National Union, which promoted the manufacture and use of local products.     

Sexual Compulsivity and Sexual Behaviors Among Gay and Bisexual Men and Lesbian and Bisexual Women

Within the existing body of research, the information pertaining to sexual compulsivity (SC) among women, both homo- and heterosexual, remains rather limited in comparison to men. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of SC in a community sample of gay and bisexual men and lesbian and bisexual women and to identify differences in sexual practices based on classification as sexually compulsive within gender. Supporting previous research, the findings indicated that gay and bisexual men were significantly higher in SC when compared to lesbian and bisexual women. Similarly, sexually compulsive gay and bisexual men were more likely to report drug use with sex than their non-sexually compulsive peers, suggesting that “party n' play” may play a larger role for men with SC. In addition, the findings demonstrated empirical support for the proposition that lesbian and bisexual women with symptoms of SC were more likely to engage in specialized sexual behaviors in comparison to their non-sexually compulsive peers. These data suggest that SC manifests differently in gay, lesbian, and bisexual men and women.     

Evening and night work schedules and children's social and emotional well-being

ABSTRACT

An emerging body of evidence shows that parents’ non-standard work schedules have a detrimental effect on children's well-being. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated mediating factors that underpin this association. Likewise, only a few studies have examined the impact of fathers’ non-standard work schedules on children's well-being. Based on data from the Families in Germany Study (FiD), this study aimed to address these research gaps. The sample consists of parents and their children at ages 7–8 and 9–10 (n?=?838 child observations in dual-earner families). The data were collected in the years 2010–2013. Non-standard work hours were defined as working in evenings and or at night (every day, several times a week, or changing as shifts). Children's social and emotional well-being was measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The findings show that both mothers’ and fathers’ evening and night work schedules are linked to an increase in children's externalizing and internalizing behavior and that this association is partially mediated by mothers’ and fathers’ harsh and strict parenting, with a stronger mediation effect for fathers parenting.     

History and the here and now

This paper explores the lesser-known histories and present-day realities of small towns and non-metropolitan areas in the internal provinces of South Africa. It is different inasmuch as it focuses on transformations that have taken place at the local level, and where possible, generalises from these, rather than following the normal route taken by social scientists – at least from 1994, which has been to examine them from the top down. One feature of such changes has been the growth of gated communicates across the length and breadth of South Africa, but there are many more. One reason for their anonymity is that their evolution has been gradual and corpuscular, that they have become unconsciously familiar and are left unexamined. Another is our collective preoccupation with the metropolitan areas rather than the smaller localities where such processes are subterranean and confined. This paper presents very briefly some of the results of the researchers of the Local Histories and Present Realities programme over the past five years, in 19 separate centres. It examines the history and present circumstance of chiefdoms of Ga-Mphahlele and reveals the surprise finding that much of recent and contemporary politics revolve around events 200 years old. An analogous situation has arisen in Venda as well as in Mpumalanga and elsewhere, where a combination of new legislation to revive chiefly powers, and land reclamation legislation have lent a new legitimacy to chiefly powers, and inspired hundreds of phantom – and time-consuming – quests. Another massive development which has gone on around us but whose internal dynamics have never been observed is the rise of game hunting and ranching all over the interior of South Africa. This is a monster subject which is likely to have influence on all of our lives into which our group is now in a position to offer insights. A change of equal proportions is the rise of mining all over the interior Bushveld Igneous Complex – Mokopane is a good example of this and the huge social consequences this has brought in its wake. One final theme which embraces all the communities that we have studied is the local histories of transformation – collectively the most important – since 1994. This is almost entirely hidden to a wider world, including the transformed positions of local Indian residents.     

Thinking and Speech and Protocol Analysis

Some form of verbal report—that is, a research participant' s concurrent or retrospective verbal account of thought processes during problem-solving activities—has been used throughout this century as the database from which psychologists have developed theories of human mentation. Newell and Simon (1972) and Ericsson and Simon (1980, 1993) have provided extensive justification for using one such method, protocol analysis, as a tool for investigating cognition from an information-processing (IP) perspective. Their arguments have characterized protocol analysis as a methodology capable of providing evidence of the ways in which people attend to information stored in short-term memory to solve problems, with the evidence providing them with the grounds from which to generate models of human cognitive processes. A different view of protocol analysis is available from the perspective of cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT) based on the work of Vygotsky (1987), Leont'ev (1981), and others, and its concern with the mediation of human development by culturally and historically grounded signs and tools. Because of its emphasis on culturally channeled development, a CHAT perspective views speech, including the speech that serves as evidence for cognition in psychological research, as a tool that potentially enables changes in consciousness. In this article I outline a CHAT perspective that accounts for protocol analysis along three key dimensions: (a) the relation between thinking and speech from a representational standpoint, (b) the social role of speech in research methodology, and (c) the influence of speech on thinking during data collection. The purpose of this discussion is not to refute the IP perspective on protocol analysis but to illustrate how this method can be viewed through a CHAT lens and to identify alternative assumptions that must be made to use it from a CHAT perspective.