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1.
This study reviewed three philosophical accounts of happiness, and then tested those accounts with the Asiabarometer surveys
conducted in six Confucian societies during the summer of 2006. Statistical analyses of these surveys reveal that East Asians
tend to experience happiness to a greater extent when they experience enjoyment together with achievement and/or satisfaction.
The preponderance of such multi-dimensional conceptions in all those societies poses a direct challenge to a single dimensional
account of happiness in the West. The analyses also reveal that positive assessments of interpersonal relationships matter
more than the amount of knowledge or wealth in living a happy life in Confucian societies.
相似文献
Doh Chull Shin (Corresponding author)Email: |
Takashi InoguchiEmail: |
2.
Environmentally Responsible Happy Nation Index: Towards an Internationally Acceptable National Success Indicator 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Yew-Kwang Ng 《Social indicators research》2008,85(3):425-446
Amidst increasing attention to happiness studies by economists, the New Economics Foundation launched in July 2006 the Happy
Planet Index (Marks et al. 2006). This is the ratio of the average happy life years (HLY) to the per capita ecological footprint of the country concerned.
HLY is in turn the product of the average happiness (or life satisfaction) index and the life expectancy index. Some essential
revisions to this index are proposed to reach an internationally acceptable national success indicator that aims positively
at long and happy lives but negatively at the external costs of environmental disruption. Hopefully, this ‘environmentally
responsible happy nation index’ will lead to some re-orientation of both the market and national governments towards something
more fundamentally valuable.
相似文献
Yew-Kwang NgEmail: |
3.
Money Does not Buy Happiness: Or Does It? A Reassessment Based on the Combined Effects of Wealth,Income and Consumption 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
The paper uses household economic panel data from five countries—Australia, Britain, Germany, Hungary and The Netherlands—to
provide a reassessment of the impact of economic well-being on happiness. The main conclusion is that happiness is considerably
more affected by economic circumstances than previously believed. In all five countries wealth affects life satisfaction more
than income. In the countries for which consumption data are available (Britain and Hungary), non-durable consumption expenditures
also prove at least as important to happiness as income.
相似文献
Bruce HeadeyEmail: |
4.
Michael A. Shields Stephen Wheatley Price Mark Wooden 《Journal of population economics》2009,22(2):421-443
This paper uses data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey to investigate the association
between neighbourhood effects and life satisfaction. We find that neighbourhood measures of social support and interaction
and the absence of socio-economic deprivation are positively and significantly correlated with individual life satisfaction.
Neighbourhood fixed effects, however, explain only an additional 1.5 to 2.5% of the variance in life satisfaction over the
14% explained by individual characteristics.
相似文献
Mark WoodenEmail: |
5.
We estimate the cost of droughts by matching rainfall data with individual life satisfaction. Our context is Australia over
the period 2001 to 2004, which included a particularly severe drought. Using fixed-effect models, we find that a drought in
spring has a detrimental effect on life satisfaction equivalent to an annual reduction in income of A$18,000. This effect,
however, is only found for individuals living in rural areas. Using our estimates, we calculate that the predicted doubling
of the frequency of spring droughts will lead to the equivalent loss in life satisfaction of just over 1% of GDP annually.
相似文献
Michael A. ShieldsEmail: |
6.
Bruce Headey 《Social indicators research》2008,85(3):389-403
An adequate theory of happiness or subjective well-being (SWB) needs to link at least three sets of variables: stable person
characteristics (including personality traits), life events and measures of well-being (life satisfaction, positive affects)
and ill-being (anxiety, depression, negative affects). It also needs to be based on long-term data in order to account for
long-term change in SWB. By including personality measures in the 2005 survey, the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) became
the first available dataset to provide long-term evidence about personality and change in one key measure of SWB, namely life
satisfaction. Using these data, the paper suggests major revisions to the set-point theory of SWB; revisions which seek to
account for long-term change. Previously, theory focused on evidence that individuals have their own set-point of SWB and
revert to that set-point once the psychological impact of major life events has dissipated. But the new SOEP panel data show
that significant minorities record substantial and apparently permanent upward or downward changes in life satisfaction. The
paper aims to explain why most people’s SWB levels do not change, but why a minority do. The main new result, which must be
regarded as tentative until replicated, is that the people most likely to record large changes in life satisfaction are those
who score high on the personality traits of extraversion (E) and/or neuroticism (N). These people in a sense ‘roll the dice’
more often than others and so have a higher than average probability of recording long-term changes. Data come from the 3130
SOEP respondents who rated their life satisfaction every year from 1985 onwards, among whom 2843 also completed a set of questions
about their personality in 2005.
相似文献
Bruce HeadeyEmail: |
7.
The AsiaBarometer of 1,000 respondents shows that Hong Kong people have a great desire for materialistic attainment, and such
an emphasis on materialism bodes ill for their quality of life. Negative assessments of the public life sphere, which encompasses
the natural environment, the social welfare system, and the democratic system, also detract from the experiences of happiness,
enjoyment, and accomplishment in Hong Kong. Surprisingly, access to digital communication devices helps Hong Kong people to
experience a greater quality of life.
相似文献
Ming SingEmail: |
8.
Measuring Well-being Across Europe: Description of the ESS Well-being Module and Preliminary Findings 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Felicia A. Huppert Nic Marks Andrew Clark Johannes Siegrist Alois Stutzer Joar Vittersø Morten Wahrendorf 《Social indicators research》2009,91(3):301-315
It has become customary to judge the success of a society through the use of objective indicators, predominantly economic
and social ones. Yet in most developed nations, increases in income, education and health have arguably not produced comparable
increases in happiness or life satisfaction. While much has been learned from the introduction of subjective measures of global
happiness or life satisfaction into surveys, significant recent progress in the development of high-quality subjective measures
of personal and social well-being has not been fully exploited. This article describes the development of a set of well-being
indicators which were included in Round 3 of the European Social Survey. This Well-being Module seeks to evaluate the success
of European countries in promoting the personal and social well-being of their citizens. In addition to providing a better
understanding of domain-specific measures, such as those relating to family, work and income, the design of the Well-being
Module recognises that advancement in the field requires us to look beyond measures which focus on how people feel (happiness,
pleasure, satisfaction) to measures which are more concerned with how well they function. This also shifts the emphasis from
relatively transient states of well-being to measures of more sustainable well-being. The ESS Well-being Module represents
one of the first systematic attempts to create a set of policy-relevant national well-being accounts.
相似文献
Morten WahrendorfEmail: |
9.
This study used a nationally representative sample of young people in Germany from the German Socio-Economic Panel to examine
how demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the young persons and their parents, personality traits of the young
persons, quality and quantity of relationships, the parent's level of life satisfaction, and other measures of satisfaction
for the young person are related to the initial assessment of life satisfaction by the individual at the critical point of
transition from adolescence to adulthood. The results indicated that consistency existed across different domains of satisfaction,
specifically satisfaction with life and satisfaction with grades. A strong pattern of association was also observed between
the subjective well-being of the adolescents and variables that measured different dimensions of the quality and quantity
of interpersonal relationships, including relationships with parents.
相似文献
Eileen TrzcinskiEmail: |
10.
Absolute Income,Relative Income,and Happiness 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
This paper uses data from the World Values Survey to investigate how an individual’s self-reported happiness is related to
(i) the level of her income in absolute terms, and (ii) the level of her income relative to other people in her country. The
main findings are that (i) both absolute and relative income are positively and significantly correlated with happiness, (ii)
quantitatively, changes in relative income have much larger effects on happiness than do changes in absolute income, and (iii)
the effects on happiness of both absolute and relative income are small when compared to the effects several non-pecuniary
factors.
相似文献
Kateryna ChernovaEmail: |
11.
Personal Values as Mitigating Factors in the Link Between Income and Life Satisfaction: Evidence from the European Social Survey 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Using data from the first two rounds of the European Social Survey, we examine the link between income, reference income and
life satisfaction across Western Europe. We find that whilst there is a strong positive relationship between income and life
satisfaction, reference or comparison income exerts a strong negative influence. Interestingly, our results confirm the importance
of personal values and beliefs not only as predictors of subjective well-being, but also as mitigating factors in the relationship
between income, reference income and life satisfaction. While our findings provide additional empirical support for the relative
utility hypothesis, they are also consistent with Rojas’ (J Econ Psychol 28:1–14, 2007) Conceptual-Referent-Theory (CRT), which is based on the premise that the salience of income and comparison income depends on one’s intrinsic values
and personal beliefs.
相似文献
Yannis GeorgellisEmail: |
12.
In the vast and diverse literature on determinants of life-satisfaction and happiness, there is a relative dearth of empirical
research on the role of specifically political factors. We identify one such possible factor, the industrial welfare state,
and assess its impact on how individuals perceive their well-being. The voluminous literature on the welfare state highlights
its position as one of the most profound chapters in the latter-day human experience, but focuses on its indirect effects
on well-being through economic and social conditions. We contend that the welfare state exerts a more direct effect to the
extent that individuals experience very real impacts on their quality of life. Considering individual responses in 18 industrial
democracies from 1981 to 2000, we find that welfare state generosity exerts a positive and significant impact on life-satisfaction
and happiness. We discuss implications for further research generated by these findings.
相似文献
Benjamin RadcliffEmail: |
13.
Life Goals Matter to Happiness: A Revision of Set-Point Theory 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bruce Headey 《Social indicators research》2008,86(2):213-231
Using data from the long-running German Socio-Economic Panel Survey (SOEP), this paper provides evidence that life goals matter
substantially to subjective well-being (SWB). Non-zero sum goals, which include commitment to family, friends and social and
political involvement, promote life satisfaction. Zero sum goals, including commitment to career success and material gains,
appear detrimental to life satisfaction. Finding that conscious life goals matter can potentially make an important contribution
to SWB theory. The most widely accepted theory—set-point or dynamic equilibrium theory—essentially claims that set-points
are near-automatic consequences of hereditary characteristics, including personality traits. Life goals play no role in these
theories and major life events are viewed as having only a transitory effect. The SOEP panel data show that, over a 15–20
year period, non-trivial minorities record substantial changes in their set-points. This paper shows linkages between these
changes and (a) the personality traits of extraversion, neuroticism and internal locus of control and (b) choice of life goals.
相似文献
Bruce HeadeyEmail: |
14.
The present research suggests that many of the most commonly-used indicators of happiness are constructed in a manner that
renders them susceptible to null or misleading findings. While few happiness indicators specify particular comparison standards,
we demonstrate that people tend to evaluate their happiness relative to comparison standards and give reliably different happiness
ratings based on the comparison standards they spontaneously adopt. In Study 1, participants reported that intrapersonal comparisons
were a more important consideration than interpersonal comparisons in determining their happiness ratings. In Study 2, participants
using a free-response format more frequently reported making intrapersonal comparisons than interpersonal comparisons when
rating happiness. In both Studies 1 and 2, participants who reported using interpersonal comparisons gave higher happiness
ratings than those who reported using intrapersonal comparisons. In Study 3, participants who were prompted to make interpersonal
comparisons gave higher happiness ratings than those prompted to make intrapersonal comparisons. We discuss the implications
of these findings for measuring subjective well-being and interpreting happiness research.
相似文献
Mary SteffelEmail: |
15.
Suzanne L. Slocum-Gori Bruno D. Zumbo Alex C. Michalos Ed Diener 《Social indicators research》2009,92(3):489-496
A case is made that measures used in quality of life and happiness research will be essentially unidimensional: inherently
tapping minor dimensions. This is illustrated using Diener’s Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). It is shown that the SWLS
does not meet the standard of strict unidimensionality, but that the interpretation of the total scale score is not compromised
because the additional dimensions are relatively minor. In the context of the example, a multi-step strategy is described
that allows researchers to test for essential unidimensionality. Throughout the article, essential unidimensionality is contrasted
with the received view of strict unidimensionality and confirmatory factor analysis methods.
相似文献
Bruno D. ZumboEmail: |
16.
The current study evaluates three hypothesized models on subjective well-being, comprising life domain ratings (LDR), overall
satisfaction with life (OSWL), and overall dissatisfaction with life (ODWL), using structural equation modeling (SEM). A sample
of 1,310 volunteering students, randomly assigned to six conditions, rated their overall life (dis)satisfaction and their
(dis)satisfaction with six different life domains. Each condition used one of six response formats, differing in (1) orientation
(horizontal vs. vertical), and (2) anchoring (0 to 10, −5 to +5, and Not numbered). The results of a confirmatory factor analysis
(CFA) support a six-factor model of LDR based on satisfaction or dissatisfaction items. However, our findings indicate that
the kind of response format used to obtain satisfaction and dissatisfaction ratings can affect the factor loadings. Our results
indicate that the proposed models of OSWL, and ODWL fit the data well, and are able to predict OSWL and ODWL, respectively.
Moreover, among six life domains, which figure as the latent variables in our models, psychological well-being was found to
be the strongest predictor of both OSWL and ODWL.
相似文献
Peter TheunsEmail: |
17.
Proponents of social equality attribute low life satisfaction to income inequality in society, an inequality which occurs
when most people have relatively low income and only a few have high income. In contrast, range-frequency theory and other
social comparison theories predict that when most people have low income, they are satisfied because of the absence of relative
deprivation among themselves. This prediction essentially suggests that that the size of the group of individuals with comparable
income (i.e., income parity) sustains their life satisfaction. This theoretical prediction, however, does not consider their
desire to be distinctive. By incorporating the notion of optimal distinctiveness, the size of income parity may have a quadratic
effect on the individual’s life satisfaction. This is a hypothesis that receives support from the present study in Hong Kong,
China. The study finds a saddle point of income parity size associated with the lowest life satisfaction, other things being
equal. Furthermore, middle-income individuals have income parity size equal to or above this saddle point. They would have
higher life satisfaction with increased income parity size, which therefore leads to a more enlarged income inequality. Others,
however, may have higher life satisfaction with reduced income parity size. Hence, reducing income inequality would have mixed
effects on people with different levels of income.
相似文献
Chau-kiu CheungEmail: |
18.
Astra N. Bonini 《Social indicators research》2008,87(2):223-236
This study adds to the literature on subjective well-being and life satisfaction by exploring variation in individual life
satisfaction across countries. Understanding whether and how individual life satisfaction varies across countries is important
because if the goal of development is to increase well-being, we must identify the causes of well-being in different national
and regional contexts. Using hierarchical linear modeling techniques, I test the hypothesis that individual well-being does
vary across countries, and that national wealth, human development and environmental conditions explain this variation. I
also test whether the effects of individual characteristics on life satisfaction (including age, marital status, education,
income, employment status, and sex) vary across countries, and which country level characteristics explain these variations.
Using individual level data from the World Values Survey, I find that there is significant variation in life satisfaction
across countries. There is also significant variation in the slopes of individual predictors of life satisfaction across countries
and regions. Regional differences in the effects of individual characteristics on life satisfaction explain most of the between
country variation in life satisfaction. This indicates that universal development indicators may not adequately reflect differences
in life satisfaction across countries, and that development measurements should better reflect regional differences.
相似文献
Astra N. BoniniEmail: |
19.
The relevance of social interactions on housing satisfaction 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
For most individuals, housing is the largest consumption and investment item of their lifetime and, as a result, housing satisfaction
is an important component of their quality of life. The purpose of this paper then is to investigate the determinants of individual
housing satisfaction as a particular domain of satisfaction with life as a whole, examining the effects of individual and
household attributes (predictive), housing characteristics (hedonic), and more importantly, of social interactions originated
in one's residential neighbourhood. To do so, we model housing as a composite commodity that satisfies dwelling needs, as
well as other intangibles such as familiar relationships and socio-status aspects. We use the Survey of Living Conditions
and Poverty (Spain). Specifically, using a self-reported measure of housing satisfaction, we estimate ordered probit models
searching for the empirical specification that provides the best fit accounting for divergences driven by aspirations defined
in the own household (internal norm), and by social comparisons (peer-effect or external norm).
相似文献
Esperanza Vera-ToscanoEmail: |
20.
Monica Guillen-Royo 《Social indicators research》2008,89(3):535-555
Within material poverty contexts, consumption and subjective wellbeing are positively and strongly related. This is usually
explained in terms of the increased possibilities to satisfy basic needs that additional spending provides. Other important
aspects of consumption, such as its relative, symbolic and hedonic dimensions are not generally considered. The current study
explores these aspects in seven poor Peruvian communities through expenditure and motives using regression analysis. Motives
for consumption are included in the model drawing on psychologists’ research into the importance of accounting for motives
when assessing the impact of material goals on subjective wellbeing. Results reveal that in the Peruvian corridor, consumption
has a meaning beyond mere basic needs satisfaction. Status concerns, the reference group, the pleasure of consuming, providing
for the household basics and the expectation of escaping social marginalisation are aspects of consumption significantly predicting
people’s happiness.
相似文献
Monica Guillen-RoyoEmail: |