战略风险管理——战略管理研究的新前沿

本文归纳总结了有关战略风险管理的国内外研究成果,并对主要研究方法作了详细阐述和评价,在此基础上提出了未来战略风险管理研究的重点和方向.     

战略维度间的匹配关系与企业战略定位选择——基于战略群组理论视角

基于战略群组理论视角,分析了企业战略定位中不同战略维度的匹配问题。以境内外交易所上市的中国互联网企业为样本,选取移动互联业务比重和IT投入强度这两个关键战略维度,采用面板数据回归模型检验了研究假设。研究发现,当企业的移动互联业务比重和IT投入强度同时处于较高水平时,这一战略组合能为企业带来高绩效,是一种合理的战略位置;另一合理的战略位置则是较低的移动互联业务比重配以较低的IT投入强度,它也明显好于一者较高、另一者较低的战略组合。以上结果表明,战略定位的关键是实现不同战略维度决策之间的合理匹配,从战略组合的角度理解行业中的战略位置。研究结论不仅有助于理解移动互联市场的竞争战略与绩效,也验证了战略群组理论在战略定位研究中的重要意义,对战略组合的分析不可简化为对各战略维度的单独分析。     

Strategic Experimentation

This paper extends the classic two-armed bandit problem to a many-agent setting in which N players each face the same experimentation problem. The main change from the single-agent problem is that an agent can now learn from the current experimentation of other agents. Information is therefore a public good, and a free-rider problem in experimentation naturally arises. More interestingly, the prospect of future experimentation by others encourages agents to increase current experimentation, in order to bring forward the time at which the extra information generated by such experimentation becomes available. The paper provides an analysis of the set of stationary Markov equilibria in terms of the free-rider effect and the encouragement effect.     

论战略人力资源管理对战略形成的影响

现有战略人力资源管理研究的逻辑前提不清,忽视了对战略形成过程的探讨。在划分了战略逻辑,界定了战略人力资源管理逻辑前提的基础上,研究了战略形成与演化的过程,对变异-选择-保留模型中的组织过程及人的因素进行了分析,由此引出了战略人力资源管理影响战略形成的成因。然后,将战略人力资源管理活动分为信息管理流程与工作管理流程,提出了战略人力资源管理的最终成果是提交面向战略形成的组织能力的观点。     

基于战略转换的战略风险研究

战略转换和战略风险都是目前国外研究的热点,从战略转换的角度,在研究战略转换的内涵特征、理论基础和动因的基础上,对战略风险产生的要素、机理进行了分析,认为战略转换的战略风险与企业环境、动力机制、学习机制、压力与惯性以及支撑条件都有密切的关系,同时也提供了战略风险防范的方法和对策.     

精益化战略诊断

本文论述了精益(LEAN)化战略诊断的含义和意义,讨论了精益化战略诊断的主要内容,介绍和总结了一些具有代表性的诊断问题和各个控制点在五种不同管理水平下所表现出采的特征.旨在为我国企业的战略管理提供借鉴工具.     

战略阻绝效应对战略联盟决策的影响分析

本文将对战略联盟决策的分析纳入SCP范式,并通过构造在位者和潜在进入者之间的三阶段博弈模型来分析战略阻绝效应对战略联盟决策的影响.本文认为:在位者的合适的战略联盟行为具有战略阻绝效应,可以通过改变潜在进入者的进入预期、影响进入者的行为并促进在位者的支付,这种支付的改变将拓宽战略联盟的决策空间,在位者将在更高的联盟成本或更低的固定边际成本下降程度上建立战略联盟.     

基于战略转换的企业战略风险预警模型研究

将粗糙集理论与神经网络相结合,构建了基于战略转换的企业战略风险预警模型。该模型首先运用基于信息熵与MDV函数的模糊聚类算法进行连续属性离散化,然后采用粗糙集理论约简出重要指标体系,最后采用BP神经网络进行学习和训练,进而对检验样本的风险等级进行判断。实证分析表明：基于MDV函数与信息熵的模糊聚类算法能够有效改善离散化效果;添加动量因子的改进BP算法提高了网络学习效率,且该预警模型对检验样本的总体预测精度较高,是一种有效和实用的战略风险预警工具。     

战略承诺约束下的企业战略定位演化效应研究

随着动态导向观在战略管理领域的兴起,战略演化研究开始从高度分散走向收敛,在动态竞争环境下,企业的战略承诺投入、决心和程度的不同可能对战略定位的演化产生影响,剖析这一复杂的动态演化过程更适宜用质化研究方法.基于单一案例进行扎根理论式的实地研究,结合多重案例的跨案例检验,识别战略承诺的构成,探讨战略承诺影响战略定位演化效应的方式.研究结果表明,战略承诺是一个独特的战略要素,它来自于组织战略生成和演化的过程以及他们所促进的微观战略行为的决策过程,它在市场、资源和能力、价值活动以及组织层面的承诺表现影响着战略定位的惯性、一致性、持续性以及适应性演化.     

基于城市经营战略趋同的战略管理创新

从我国城市经营的理念阐释入手,指出我国城市经营战略的趋同问题,分析了城市经营战略趋同的动因,进而指出我国城市经营战略趋同造成了成长上限、共同悲剧以及恶性竞争等后果.在此基础上,提出应对战略趋同的战略管理创新,即发挥点优势和借助群优势二者相结合的城市经营双翼齐飞战略.     

Strategic planning for resources

In the field or purchasing and supply, 1973 was a year to be remembered. A world-wide boom in industrialised countries produced record prices in markets for food, raw materials and manufactured goods. Rates of inflation in the U.S.A., Western Europe and Japan began to approach South American levels. The value of the dollar, the pound and other major currencies fluctuated dramatically, and the stock market experienced falls comparable to those which occurred during the slump in the thirties. Finally, 1973 was the year of the oil embargo, when oil prices were almost doubled and oil supplies to the West were cut by 15–20%, resulting in the rationing of oil and other commodities in Western Europe.By any standards, this was a momentous year. It is conceivable that supply markets will never be quite the same again. The traditional form of multi-national business, integrated from supply to consumer markets, is fast disappearing as the companies formed in developing countries to secure the supply of oil, food and raw materials are being taken over by the host governments. Indeed it may be that after the traumatic experiences of this year, negotiations for food and key raw materials will be increasingly carried out by governments rather than by private companies.To cope with shortages and higher prices in food, fuels and essential raw materials, government bodies and public and private enterprises will have to develop new capabilities. Western governments have responded quickly by setting up Ministers and Ministries for Energy and by establishing huge budgets for research into the exploration and exploitation of alternative fuels. The large oil companies have declared that they are in the “energy business” and have bought interests in nuclear power and coal.But what does the energy and resource crisis mean for the average firm? It seems that in the 1970s we are experiencing a level of competition for supplies similar to the competition for consumer markets which first produced “Marketing” in the late fifties and early sixties.     

Strategic planning for distribution

The process of long range planning is relatively new to both the corporation and the distribution area. Until recent years the distribution function was considered a functional area which reacted to, rather than anticipated, corporate marketing effort. New technology in data processing and other areas has provided the support capability for developing both tactical and strategic planning. With this increased capability has come a new responsibility for distribution management to be future oriented—to anticipate the appropriate support role of physical distribution in supporting both short term and long term corporate goals.     

Strategic planning for endgame

This article is based on the author's study of 61 firms managing businesses in environments of declining demand. It suggests ways in which firms might better prepare for this problem by managing their own exit barriers and by making strategic investments to affect the level of their competitors' exit barriers.     

Strategic competitive information systems

A variety of strategic competitive information systems is described and evaluated in terms of three criteria which should be met by strategic information systems. The more sophisticated varieties—those that incorporate specific models into the system—generally meet the criteria better than do the ‘retrieval’ varieties of systems. Since systems of this kind are relatively expensive to develop, this suggests that the area of strategic competitive information may be one of great potential payoff for the integration of models into information systems.