中国的族际政治整合与中华民族建设

中国模仿性的现代国家建构以传统疆域内各族各群凝聚为统一的国家民族为基础.内忧外患压迫下中华民族的构建直接以爱国主义为表征;同时,中华大地诸族文化、利益熔融的一致价值观使中华民族既是现代中国认同政治的直接载体,也是现代中国族际政治整合的现实目标.现代中国的中华民族主权国家属性,决定了在现代中国堪称为“民族”的实体只能是“中华民族”.然而,国家全面建设阶段中华民族的虚化及中华民族理论的缺憾使得国家崛起与中华民族复兴事业面临极大的风险与挑战.中国共产党主导的国家族际政治整合,须在国家治理体系现代化的大战略下构建、完善以“中华民族”国族理论为核心的中国特色族际话语体系与行动逻辑,通过加强中华民族建设,为“中国梦”的实现奠定强国基石.     

论跨界民族的文化认同及其现代建构

跨界民族的文化认同是其成员对族群文化的反思性行为,是社会现代性的产物。它经由文化层面的冲突、反省和调整而得以形成。跨界民族在文化认同区分、凝聚和动员等主要功用的基础上对族际关系和国际关系产生影响。民族国家应推行积极的民族政策,引领跨界民族完成其现代建构,即从文化认同走向文化自觉。     

仪式空间与文化亲昵的呈现及表达——基于H镇各民族祭鄂博仪式的调查

仪式作为一种“表征性空间”，象征着“地方”情感与“民族”情感，展现出“文化亲昵”与“文化尴尬”相伴而生的现象。在H镇祭祀鄂博仪式空间的营造、营造后的博弈以及仪式纳入国家文化发展话语的过程，“文化亲昵”由于历史传统、族群认知与社会区分、国家文化整合等一系列因素而呈现出发生—区分—聚合的过程，显示出凝聚与竞争、不稳定与稳定并存的特征。各民族在竞争与不稳定中产生了“文化尴尬”，又在凝聚与稳定中消解了“文化尴尬”，形成了融通的“文化亲昵”。融通的“文化亲昵”是构建国家民族认同的重要条件，文化亲昵中形成的“地方感”对铸牢中华民族共同体意识也具有十分重要的意义。     

多元文化背景下少数民族的认同困境及其应对思考

目前,“多元文化主义”已发展成为一种政治思想,在如何看待文化、政治和民族等方面都有着自己的观点.少数民族遭遇多元文化主义,将在民族文化与国家文化、民族自治与国家治理、民族身份与公民身份的关系等问题上产生认同困境.何以应对？核心理念是坚持“尊重多样,包容差异”原则.本文以中国为例尝试了深入的剖析.具体而言,党和国家需注重中华文化的内涵发展、自治权利的法律实践和公民身份的科学构建等议题的探讨,通过消解少数民族认同上的困境,提升中国各民族的中华文化认同、中国政治认同和中华民族认同,加强社会凝聚力、民族向心力和国家统合力.     

论多民族国家中的民族认同与国家认同

如何看待民族认同与国家认同的关系,逐渐成为族际政治研究中的一个焦点话题。文章从个体认同的多重性、民族认同问题产生的根源两个角度,论证了在冲突视角下,将民族认同与国家认同视为矛盾和对立事物的理论观点的不科学性和误导性。科学地认识二者之间的关系,需要一种和谐视角。这种视角认为,民族认同与国家认同存在价值共识和功能上的相互依赖关系,在社会实践中可以和谐共存;二者统一的路径是构建能够有效整合民族异质性与国家统一性的公民身份,完善公民权制度。     

十六国时期各民族共创中华的形式及路径

十六国时期是各民族共创中华历史进程中的关键阶段,对中华民族共同体的形成具有重要影响。这一时期各民族共创中华主要有六种形式：一是相互吸纳族体;二是共同开拓疆域;三是协力发展经济;四是维系历史文化传统;五是丰富中华文化宝库;六是共育中华民族精神。各民族主要通过如下路径共创中华：一是追求“正统”与实现“一统”;二是强调“以德怀远”与“示之信义”;三是主张“迁徙胡汉”与“胡汉兼用”机制。各民族本为一家的族源认同,各美其美、美美与共的文化认同,统一的多民族国家的政治认同,是十六国时期各民族共创中华的三大认同基础。     

中国朝鲜族的民族认同与国家认同——以中国某边疆地区的朝鲜族为例

中国朝鲜族作为中华民族一个独特的少数民族,有自己独特的语言、风俗习惯等,与其他民族有清晰的边界,族群认同意识非常明确;出于对共同世系、血缘和文化上的认同,他们将朝韩两国作为他们曾经的故国去感知,民族认同比较强烈;作为中华民族的一部分,中国朝鲜族有对中国的坚定认同.目前,在全球化的背景下,社会认同纽带趋于多元化,中国朝鲜族亦发展着多元化的社会认同.保证多民族国家认同的根本,是建立起基于公民权的认同形式,加快民族地区的经济发展,坚持民族间的平等与团结,加强国家的主流价值观的教育,以加强少数民族对国家的向心力.     

试论少数民族文化的传承与革新

民族文化交融的前提是文化的多元性,少数民族在民族族源上的文化认同、历史认同,都体现着二元化和多元化等复杂性.随着少数民族文化的深入,少数民族延续的传统文化受到国家和社会的高度重视,它是一个国家发展的象征.所以,民族文化的传承与革新是促进少数民族地区文化建设以及和谐社会的重要前提.     

试论少数民族文化的传承与革新

民族文化交融的前提是文化的多元性,少数民族在民族族源上的文化认同、历史认同,都体现着二元化和多元化等复杂性。随着少数民族文化的深入,少数民族延续的传统文化受到国家和社会的高度重视,它是一个国家发展的象征。所以,民族文化的传承与革新是促进少数民族地区文化建设以及和谐社会的重要前提。     

民族分离主义的解读与治理——多民族国家化解民族矛盾、解决分离困窘的一个思路

民族分离主义是发生在以民族国家为基本政治单位的现代世界体系中的一种政治诉求,是要求民族边界与国家边界完全一致的民族主义理念的特殊表现。在多民族国家成为现代世界普遍现象的历史局势下,强调族性与国家绝对一致,并因此要求与现有国家分离的民族分离主义,对既有的国家格局和国际秩序构成了严峻的挑战,并且对地区安全和社会稳定构成了严重的威胁。本文借鉴和吸收了晚近国外学术界对族性起因、功能以及与民族分离主义关系研究上的一些新成果,在此基础上分析了民族分离主义与族性的关系,民族分离主义与现代世界体系的关系,民族分离主义诉求的真正旨意,以及民族分离主义的理论困境和现实阻力,肯定了从政治、经济、文化等方面入手,加强族际关系上的民主建构,增强多民族国家制度包容力,化解矛盾,治理民族分离主义的思路。     

Meeting / Derrida

In August 1999, Jacques Derrida gave a number of lectures and seminars in Melbourne and Sydney. The seminar of 13 August, held at Sydney's Seymour Centre Theatre, was open to the public. It consisted of a question-and-answer session with Genevieve Lloyd, David Wills, Paul Patton and Penelope Deutscher. Its title, 'Themes from Recent Work', reflected interests in the work from Specters of Marx (1994) onwards which some, including Paul Patton, have referred to as deconstruction in its affirmative phase. What follows is a by-no-means verbatim record of the event. Rather it is but one member of the audience's account of what transpired in the seminar – an account which is therefore necessarily selective and pressed through the grid of my own quasi-philosophical interests. Following this account of the seminar, I offer some marginal notes on the open discussion following the seminar, then, finally, some reflections on a particular matter discussed at the dinner which followed that – madness.     

Defining ‘real India’: representations of authenticity in independent travel

As an alternative to the stereotypical mass tourism, independent travellers – travellers who travel for extended periods on low budgets while ostensibly avoiding formalized tourist activities and locales – are invested in constructing ‘authentic’ travel experiences. Practices such as ‘off-the-beaten-track’ travel and cultural engagement provide the means by which independent travellers are able to make claims to such authenticity. Authenticity is constructed by travellers through idealizations of intimacy and non-commodification. These idealizations are tangled in narrative representations of ‘real’ India and ‘real’ Indians, their ‘real’-ness typified by an absence of other travellers, tourists and, more generally, Western contamination. In these ways, ‘authentic’ travel is dependent upon actively constructed binaries of Western travelling subjects and exotic Indian objects. Yet travellers' fantasies of the Other are fragile and subject to collapse at moments in which so-called Others articulate their subjectivity in a way that is inconsistent with travellers' expectations. Through a focus on travellers' narratives of their experience, both the requirement for an Orientalist dichotomy as well as the ruptures that continually challenge this dichotomy, will emerge.     

Oestrogen Rising 2016: Ireland’s stained and bloodied cloths

A weaver, seamstress, laundress and artist, in this essay I shall spin a yarn, tangle a web, and construct a text(ile) of the inter-weave of narrative and identity that I define as my intellectual, textual, somatic and material/visual practice obsessions. My work explores ‘the places in-between’ in the entanglements of Irish and Northern Irish gender and identity, and in the abject fabrics of death and of desire. As an Irish feminist, sense-making of the complexities, conundrums, challenges and contradictions of my land, my cloth, my body and my culture owes much to Irish women before me who fought for female suffrage, and Irish women now – north and south of the border that divides the island of Ireland – who still struggle for equality of citizenship, social justice, human rights, and full reproductive autonomy. My contention is that when we accept that Ireland herself is a many-layered cloth, a stained and bloodied cloth, a cloth marked irreversibly by history, conflict, denial and abuse, stained by its own repression, marked through denial of all its people’s rights and needs, and bloodied by its greatest export, the haemorrhage of its people, then – polemical, didactic or reflective, with more compassion, empathy, humility and heart – we just might make peace with our past.     

The changing configurations of self-(m)other dialogue in North Cyprus

This paper deals with issues of identity, nationalism, postcolonialism, and self-other relations with a focus on a period of transformative events in North Cyprus. It notes how nationalism has been the dominant means of identification for Cypriots in their modern history, and argues that unless weakened and supplanted by a radically pluralist democracy, nationalism imagines one's identity as an indivisible unity and has no place for different others within the nation. However, a pressing relationship with others and otherness is no stranger to Cypriots either, which makes it clear that the border that defines the ‘we’ of such nationalism is, at the same time, the line that divides the self intrinsically, indicating the otherness of the self or its alterity. Subjectivity involves subjection to the other.     

热贡鲁若中"玛泽"与藏族历史的渊源关系

文章从历史学、宗教学、民俗学等角度,将流行于黄南藏族自治州同仁县隆务河流域的六月会主体节目之一"玛泽"的文化内涵进行了新的探讨,并就"玛泽"节目的历史和宗教渊源关系,民俗形成过程,以及对军事、生产活动中的意义提出了自己的看法.     

Refugees,migrants, neither,both: categorical fetishism and the politics of bounding in Europe’s ‘migration crisis’

The use of the categories ‘refugee’ and ‘migrant’ to differentiate between those on the move and the legitimacy, or otherwise, of their claims to international protection has featured strongly during Europe’s ‘migration crisis’ and has been used to justify policies of exclusion and containment. Drawing on interviews with 215 people who crossed the Mediterranean to Greece in 2015, our paper challenges this ‘categorical fetishism’, arguing that the dominant categories fail to capture adequately the complex relationship between political, social and economic drivers of migration or their shifting significance for individuals over time and space. As such it builds upon a substantial body of academic literature demonstrating a disjuncture between conceptual and policy categories and the lived experiences of those on the move. However, the paper is also critical of efforts to foreground or privilege ‘refugees’ over ‘migrants’ arguing that this reinforces rather than challenges the dichotomy’s faulty foundations. Rather those concerned about the use of categories to marginalise and exclude should explicitly engage with the politics of bounding, that is to say, the process by which categories are constructed, the purpose they serve and their consequences, in order to denaturalise their use as a mechanism to distinguish, divide and discriminate.     

三江源自然保护区生态旅游开发的SWOT分析

本文就三江源自然保护区开发生态旅游产品的可行性及发展潜力,运用SWOT分析模式进行客观分析,并得出三江源开发生态旅游产品是实现该地区可持续发展的最佳途径。     

Changing patterns of mobility,citizenship and conflict in Indonesia

ABSTRACT

Mobility and migration are inherent ingredients of Indonesian cultures. In an archipelago with thousands of islands of various size, character and nature, mobility is an important means to make a living and to survive by migration. The right to free movement in Indonesia is constitutionally granted. It can create mobility and give expression to equal citizenship rights at the same time as it can trigger the enforcement of borders among cultural groups and the ethnification of local and regional politics. Mobility thus always comes along with immobility. Physical mobility of one group of people might cause immobility of another group or it might create cultural and political immobility in the same group. In places such as Eastern Indonesia, people have developed reciprocal means to integrate newcomers. Whereas the immigrants are usually disadvantaged citizens with regards to land and customary rights, those living in the area for generations have nonetheless become integral parts of quite peaceful local settings, one way or the other. The advancement of decentralization, democratization and direct elections of political representatives can lead to political empowerment, the promotion of ethnicity as election capital and changing patterns of belonging. This paper illustrates these ambivalences by looking at mobility in Indonesia more generally and how changing national policies and laws lead to reinterpretations of mobility patterns and trigger changes in relations between local population groups and existing mechanisms of cultural and political inclusion and exclusion. Butonese migrants in Maluku will here serve as a case study.     

伊斯兰学者刘智的"元气"与日本儒者伊藤仁斋的"一元气"思想——朱子学"理"、"气"学说的批判与重构

在"文明间对话"被各国学界极为重视的当代,特别值得关注与研究的是,17-18世纪的回儒学与日本德川儒学之间的具有价值和意义的对话.刘智和伊藤仁斋是同时代不同文化背景的两位思想大师,同时受到朱子学影响,并吸收融合而产生出自己独特的思想体系.本文将探讨这两位思想家对朱子学"理"、"气"思想的重构特色.进一步想说明,不同文化...     

羌族宗教信仰与藏文化的关系考察研究

岷江上游羌族宗教信仰是多元混杂的,导致这种现象的产生,既有历史的因素,又有现实的因素.历史的因素可追溯到古羌人时代,从那里我们可寻羌族宗教信仰之渊源的一些踪迹;现实的因素可从羌族地处藏彝走廊,受汉藏文化影响的现状中去采撷一些实际的表现.本文拟就羌族原始宗教信仰中的藏文化因子,羌族天神信仰与藏族民间宗教信仰的渊源,羌族和藏族有关人类起源传说的相似与区分,羌族原始宗教信仰与佛教文化的糅合等方面对羌族宗教信仰与藏文化的关系作一较为深入的考察分析.