世界公共交通简讯

<正> 美国 安阿伯(Ann Arbor)交通局对其公共汽车采用一种新的“先进运行系统”(ddvancedoperating system),是美国第一个集通讯信息和运行维修在一起的综合智能系统。该系统包括全球卫星定位系统(GPS)、车辆自动跟踪系统(AVL)、IC智能卡、计算机辅助调度、计算机辅助车辆总成监测等前沿技术。驾驶员可以借助车上终端显示屏和无线电通讯与中心调度室联系。正常情况下通过数据传输,必要时可以通话。车上计算机储存了路     

走近中国"现代镖师"

整日与巨款、金银珠宝打交道,每一步都走得惊心动魄被中外名流以10万高薪聘为“白领护卫”拥有9.7式防暴枪和内装GPS的“约翰逊”专用押钞车     

GPS技术在矿山测量中的应用探讨

GPS技术的成熟发展且具有众多优点,在矿山勘测中有很大的发展空间。主要对GPS的静态测量、平面控制测量和RTK的界桩测设、测量原理与作业流程等运用介绍。本文将工作实例、行为规范和教课内容结合起来,研究探讨出GPS技术如何运用于矿山测量工作中。     

孙家栋：嫦娥舒袖多浪漫卫星探月路艰辛

从“东方红一号”到“北斗”，由孙家栋牵头负责的航天飞行器占整个中国航天飞行器总数的三分之一。除了“两弹一星”功臣之外，同行和媒体也愿意称呼孙家栋为“卫星之父”。我国的北斗导航，完成后将成为和美国的GPS、欧洲的伽利略、俄罗斯的格洛纳斯相类似的全球卫星导航系统。这个系统的总设计师就是孙家栋。     

孙家栋：嫦娥舒袖多浪漫卫星探月路艰辛

从“东方红一号”到“北斗”，由孙家栋牵头负责的航天飞行器占整个中国航天飞行器总数的三分之一。除了“两弹一星”功臣之外，同行和媒体也愿意称呼孙家栋为“卫星之父”。我国的北斗导航，完成后将成为和美国的GPS、欧洲的伽利略、俄罗斯的格洛纳斯相类似的全球卫星导航系统。这个系统的总设计师就是孙家栋。     

GPS、RTK与普通测量关系的探讨

对GPS、RTK的工作原理及其在测量中的优先性、发展远景等进行了探讨，以促进GPS、RTK技术的发展，提高测量领域的成果精度。     

晋州市地方道路管理站完成地方公路GPS视频数据采集工作

近日，按照晋州市地道处要求，晋州地方站技术人员完成了晋州市县、乡、村三级地方公路的GPS视频数据采集工作。晋州市于2005年通过采用GPS技术手段，录入全市范围内所有乡镇及建制村的公路通达情况和所有农村公路的空间数据和属性数据，每年通过对全市农村公路建设成果进行外业采集，对数据库进行更新维护，形成了一套完善公路GPS数据资料。     

3S集成技术在林业发展中的应用

随着GPS、GIS技术的发展,它也将在其它领域(如林区物探、湿地调查、森林旅游等)被广泛应用。GPS、GIS技术的普及必将促进林业工作向着精确、高效、现代化的方向发展,带来更好的经济效益和社会效益。     

“北斗”女神王淑芳:一生择一事,用青春追逐“导航梦”

为理想,弃高薪加盟科研团队 1994年10月,正在北京航空航天大学读大四的王淑芳得到消息,北斗卫星导航系统筹备组来北航招生.负责招聘的老师说,世界上当时只有美国的GPS和俄罗斯的“GLONASS”两个全球卫星导航系统,我国导航系统还处于空白领域.据招聘老师介绍,当时,我国使用的是美国GPS卫星导航系统,GPS有个S/A政策,叫选择可用性,就是通过人为对卫星信号加以干扰,关键时刻让你用不成.因此,中国亟需研发出自己的卫星导航系统,避免受制于人.     

GPS在出租汽车调度中的应用

介绍全球卫星定位系统和出租汽车GPS定位无线电调度管理系统的数据流程、工作原理、主要技术指标、主要特点、不足之处、应用情况等。     

卫星定位出租汽车调度系统

介绍卫星定位出租汽车调度系统、城市环境对GPS技术的要求、GPS技术在上海出租车行业中的应用和出租车与110台联网。     

Acceptance of Global Positioning System (GPS) Technology Among Dementia Clients and Family Caregivers

The purpose of this study was to examine the acceptance of Global Positioning System (GPS) used to help people with dementia, who are at risk for wandering in their communities. We used a mixed methods research approach that included use logs, pre and post paper-based questionnaires, and focus groups. Forty-five client-caregiver pairs (dyads) were included to use one of the GPS devices for an average of 5.8 months over a 1-year period. GPS acceptance was high; dyads were likely to continue using the GPS. According to the participants, the GPS provided caregivers peace of mind and reduced anxiety in dyads when clients got lost.     

卫星定位自动调度系统

介绍上海汽车联合调度有限责任公司(筹)的成立,全球卫星定位系统的诞生与发展,该系统用于出租车调度。     

Social Workers’ and Students’ Attitudes toward Electronic Tracking of People with Alzheimer's Disease

Global Positioning Systems (GPS) have recently been employed to help monitor persons with dementia. While the advantages of such technologies are clear, making use of them raises a number of ethical dilemmas. Considering the fact that social workers may be called upon to assist families in making decisions regarding the use of GPS, their attitudes on this issue are important. Fifty-five social workers and 61 social work students completed a questionnaire including: attitudes toward tracking, knowledge of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) symptoms, familiarity with persons who have AD, and ratings of who should be involved in the decision-making process regarding GPS use. Findings showed that the highest-scored attitude factor was respecting elders’ autonomy, while the lowest-scored factor opposed GPS use. The elderly and their spouses were rated as important decision-makers regarding the use of GPS. Knowledge of AD and respecting autonomy were negatively correlated. Students gave a higher rating to respecting elders’ autonomy than the social workers. Social workers gave a higher rating to the importance of a multidisciplinary team. Implications for social work education are discussed including recommendations for person-centered AD care on the one hand, and the need to balance the interests of the individual and the family on the other.     

Responsibility and Privacy — Ethical Aspects of Using GPS to Track Children

With GPS technology, children can be monitored 24 h a day throughout their childhood and teens. In spite of the advantages in terms of safety and security, there are ethical problems with this. In this article, some of these are discussed. First, the concept of parental responsibility is explored and discussed in the context of GPS and children. Second, against the background of psychological research, it is argued that it is not conducive for children's sense of responsibility to be constantly monitored. Third, the question whether children have a right to privacy is discussed. It is concluded that due to the considerable uncertainty concerning the effects of constant monitoring as well as the ethical problems discussed, we ought to adopt a cautious attitude to using GPS to track children.     

Feasibility and Validity of Geographically Explicit Ecological Momentary Assessment With Recall‐Aided Space‐Time Budgets

We employ data from the Adolescent Health and Development in Context Study—a representative sample of urban youth ages 11–17 in and around the Columbus, OH area—to investigate the feasibility and validity of smartphone‐based geographically explicit ecological momentary assessment (GEMA). Age, race, household income, familiarity with smartphones, and self‐control were associated with missing global positioning systems (GPS) coverage, whereas school day was associated with discordance between percent of time at home based on GPS‐only versus recall‐aided space‐time budget data. Fatigue from protocol compliance increases missing GPS across the week, which results in more discordance. Although some systematic differences were observed, these findings offer evidence that smartphone‐based GEMA is a viable method for the collection of activity space data on urban youth.     

Psychometric Validation of the Gambling Passion Scale (GPS) in an English-speaking University Sample

The Gambling Passion Scale (GPS) is a recently developed research instrument for assessing individuals' passion for gambling. Because the psychometric properties of the GPS have only previously been examined in French Canadians, the aim of this study was to replicate previous psychometric findings in an English-speaking university sample. Participants (female: n = 58; male: n = 89) were drawn from a university campus based on self-reported experience with gambling indexed by scores on the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS). The two-factor structure reported by Rousseau et al. (Journal of Gambling Studies, 18(1), pp. 45–66, 2002) was largely replicated in this sample, as were relationships between ‘obsessive passion’ and negative consequences stemming from gambling. These results support the validity of the GPS as a measure of gambling passion in English-speaking university gamblers and its potential to contribute to understanding problem gambling.     

Passion and gambling: on the validation of the Gambling Passion Scale (GPS)

Vallerand and his colleagues (Vallerand & Blanchard, 1999; Vallerand, Blanchard, Koestner, & Gagné, 2001) have recently proposed a new concept of passion. According to these authors, passion refers to a strong inclination toward an activity that we like, find important, and in which we invest time. Vallerand et al. have identified two types of passion: obsessive and harmonious. Obsessive passion refers to an internal pressure that forces an individual to engage in the activity. Harmonious passion, on the other hand, refers to an internal force that leads an individual to choose freely to engage in an activity. While obsessive passion has been shown in some circumstances to lead to negative psychological and physical consequences, harmonious passion generally leads to positive psychological and physical consequences. The purpose of the present research was to validate a measure of passion toward gambling: the Gambling Passion Scale (GPS). The GPS consists of two subscales (obsessive passion and harmonious passion) comprising five items each. Results from two studies involving a total of 340 participants revealed satisfactory internal consistency and temporal stability indices, as well as a two-factor structure supported by exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Finally, a series of partial correlational analyses between the two subscales and scales assessing behavioral measures related to gambling supported the construct validity of the GPS. The present results suggest that the GPS is a useful scale for research on gambling.     

The Teaching of Political Science in Italy

Latitude and longitude are foundational concepts for geography education, yet they are typically poorly understood by students and receive indifferent attention from instructors and publishers’ materials. Social studies teachers can take advantage of increasingly ubiquitous geolocating devices such as Global Positions Systems (GPS) to provide students with a hands-on experience of latitude and longitude to promote spatial thinking skills. We present one such approach, a simplified, scaffolded version of a geocache designed to fit within a single class period: working in pairs, students will use a GPS (or other geolocating device, such as a smartphone) to navigate among several targets set up by the teacher. Students’ conceptions and opportunities for extension and application are discussed.