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1.
Plurality rule is mostly criticized from being capable of choosing an alternative considered as worst by a strict majority.
This paper considers elections in which the agenda consists of potential candidates strategically choosing whether or not
to enter the election. In this context, we examine the ability of scoring rules to fulfil the Condorcet criterion. We show
for the case of three potential candidates that Plurality rule is the only scoring rule that satisfies a version of the Condorcet
criterion in two cases: 1) when preferences are single-peaked and, 2) when preferences are single-dipped.
相似文献
Bernardo MorenoEmail: |
M. Socorro Puy (Corresponding author)Email: |
2.
The inverse plurality rule—an axiomatization 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Under the ‘inverse plurality rule’, voters specify only their least preferred alternative. Our first result establishes that
this rule is the only scoring rule that satisfies the minimal veto condition (MV). We then prove that the inverse plurality
rule is characterized by MV and the four well known conditions that characterize scoring rules; namely, Anonymity (A), Neutrality
(N), Reinforcement (RE) and Continuity (CO). Our new characterization result is related to the characterizations of approval
voting and of the widely used plurality rule. We finally show how the axiomatization of the inverse plurality rule can be
extended to the axiomatization of elementary scoring rules (vote for t-alternatives scoring rules).
We are indebted to two anonymous referees for their most useful comments.
相似文献
Eyal Baharad (Corresponding author)Email: |
Shmuel NitzanEmail: |
3.
Do Reservation Wages Really Decline? Some International Evidence on the Determinants of Reservation Wages 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Using cross-country data, we investigate the determinants of reservation wages and their course over the jobless spell. Higher
unemployment benefits lead to higher reservation wages. Further, again consistent with the basic search model, repeated observations
on the same individual provide scant evidence of declining reservation wages.
相似文献
John T. AddisonEmail: |
4.
We study the general class of two-player public-policy contests and specify the asymmetry condition under which a more restrained government intervention that reduces the contestants’ prizes has the “perverse” effect of increasing their aggregate lobbying efforts.
相似文献
Shmuel NitzanEmail: |
5.
In this study, we investigated the emotional effect of dynamic presentation of facial expressions. Dynamic and static facial
expressions of negative and positive emotions were presented using computer-morphing (Experiment 1) and videos of natural
changes (Experiment 2), as well as other dynamic and static mosaic images. Participants rated the valence and arousal of their
emotional response to the stimuli. The participants consistently reported higher arousal responses to dynamic than to static
presentation of facial expressions and mosaic images for both valences. Dynamic presentation had no effect on the valence
ratings. These results suggest that dynamic presentation of emotional facial expressions enhances the overall emotional experience
without a corresponding qualitative change in the experience, although this effect is not specific to facial images.
相似文献
Wataru SatoEmail: |
6.
Evidence for the ingroup advantage hypothesis in recognizing emotions comes from studies using specific types of posed expressions.
A proposed source of this advantage has been culturally-specific ways of expressing emotions, known as cultural dialects (Elfenbein
et al. Emotion 7(1):131–146, 2007). But to date, no study has used spontaneously produced expressions as stimuli in testing
the hypothesis. We do so here. American and Japanese observers judged expressions produced by American and Japanese athletes
immediately at the completion of a medal match from the 2004 Athens Olympic Games. The ingroup hypothesis was not supported,
suggesting that it occurs when posers mime an expression, but not when they spontaneously produce it in real life.
相似文献
David MatsumotoEmail: |
7.
We study and compare equilibrium platforms in models of unidimensional electoral competition with two and four policy motivated
parties. We first analyze the plurality game, where the party getting the most votes is elected and implements its proposed
platform. Restrictions on the set of credible announcements are needed to get existence of equilibria. Comparing equilibria
with two and four parties, we obtain that moderate parties react to the introduction of extreme parties by proposing the same
or more extreme equilibrium platforms. We then study the proportional system, where the policy implemented is a weighted sum
of the proposals, with the voting shares as weights. Here, the existence of extreme parties leads moderate ones to choose
more centrist platforms. We finally test the robustness of our results with respect to, first, the enlargement of the strategy
space to entry decisions and, second, to asymmetric distributions of voters' blisspoints.
相似文献
Georges Casamatta (Corresponding author)Email: |
Philippe De DonderEmail: |
8.
James Monks 《Journal of Labor Research》2007,28(3):487-501
Part-time and full-time non-tenure-track faculty currently represent almost half of all faculty in U.S. higher education,
yet little is known about their earnings relative to traditional tenure-track faculty. I find that full-time non-tenure-track
faculty earn approximately 26% less per hour from their academic institution and 18% less in total earnings from all sources
per hour than comparable tenure-track assistant professors. Part-time non-tenure-track faculty earn 64% less per hour from
their institution, but only 1% less in total earnings per hour, than tenure-track assistant professors.
相似文献
James MonksEmail: |
9.
The economics of gay and lesbian couples: Introduction to a special issue on gay and lesbian households 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This article presents a simple conceptual framework integrating three couple-related outcomes analyzed in this volume: wage
differentials in earnings related to couple formation, household formation (including cohabitation and registration as Registered
Domestic Partnership), and intra-household allocation of income. It also discusses some of the articles’ main findings.
相似文献
Lisa K. Jepsen (Corresponding author)Email: |
10.
Daniel Sieber 《Clinical Social Work Journal》2008,36(4):333-340
Absent fathers are often excluded from the treatment of their children for various reasons. They are often marginalized by
mothers, and unintentionally excluded by clinicians. Absent fathers are also excluded from treatment in fear that their presence
might undermine the competencies of single mothers, which social service agencies serve to empower. This article will discuss
the potential benefits of including absent fathers in family therapy, and how to work with them once engaged in treatment.
相似文献
Daniel SieberEmail: |
11.
This paper explores the culture in which academic economists work, and tries to show how an appreciation of this culture makes
their work more understandable and valuable to mainstream sociology. Economists are not interested in representing reality,
but in constructing models that simplify reality to isolate mechanisms that account for observed phenomena. Economists have
a distinctive epistemic culture, sustained by the discourse through which they talk and think about their work. This discourse
mediates the relationship between the mathematical models they devise and the economic phenomena to which they apply. This
study reveals economists' culture based on in-depth interviews with academic economists and an ethnographic study of economic
departments in Israel.
相似文献
Yuval YonayEmail: |
12.
Alan J. Levy 《Clinical Social Work Journal》2008,36(3):281-291
This paper critically appraises the therapeutic action of play in psychodynamic child therapy and identifies obstacles to
utilizing play therapeutically with children. An examination of the functions of action and verbal means of communication
as well as their roles in shaping therapeutic relationships in treating children is provided in light of recent theoretical
advances. The significance of engaging children directly through play and for redressing the balance between action and verbalization
in child therapy is discussed.
相似文献
Alan J. LevyEmail: |
13.
Nonprofit Isomorphism: An Australia–United States Comparison 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Jeffrey Leiter 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2008,19(1):67-91
This paper examines the organizational structures of nonprofit organizations in Australia and the United States. Using random
samples of nonprofits drawn from the two organizational populations, the analysis compares the extent of structural resemblance
or isomorphism in each. It detects similar levels of isomorphism for several structural characteristics. The paper interprets
this finding as reflecting expectations for nonprofit organizations that stretch worldwide.
相似文献
Jeffrey LeiterEmail: |
14.
This paper investigates how the relationship between income and working hours in Taiwan has changed over time. By using the
official individual sample in the Manpower Utilization Surveys from DGBAS during 1981–2006, this study concludes that higher
earners worked fewer hours as the economy is expanding and the price level increases in Taiwan; however, higher earners lose
their time privileges as the economy relies on the service sector more than before. Furthermore, with regard to gender differences,
it is found that higher earners still have time advantages relative to lower earners over time for male, but not so for female.
相似文献
Jr-Tsung Huang (Corresponding author)Email: |
15.
This study reports a meta-analysis of 75 estimates of the efficiency-wage effect. It reveals a strong efficiency-wage effect
that depends upon whether researchers control for potential simultaneity between wages and productivity. Studies that control
for simultaneity tend to report stronger effects. Clear evidence of publication selection is also found. E24, J30.
相似文献
T. D. Stanley (Corresponding author)Email: |
16.
Paul Hettler 《Journal of Labor Research》2007,28(3):477-486
No completely satisfactory explanation for the persistent and well-documented large-firm wage premium has been found. I use
a novel adaptation of the Oaxaca/Blinder wage discrimination model to examine the firm-size wage differential which allows
the wage differential to be decomposed into the portions attributable to (1) differences in employee endowments, (2) how the
firm values these endowments, and (3) residual differences. Small firms actually pay higher wages based on how they value
their workers’ endowments, but this wage premium was overshadowed by the superior endowments of workers in large firms and
a residual differential in favor of large firms.
相似文献
Paul HettlerEmail: |
17.
Gerald Schamess M.S.S. 《Clinical Social Work Journal》2006,34(4):407-425
Transference enactments play a central role in clinical supervision regardless of whether supervisors or supervisees consciously
recognize or acknowledge their presence. Supervisors who do recognize enactments better understand the core issues that interfere
with supervisees’ capacity to relate therapeutically to patients. Supervisory process is markedly enhanced when supervisors
consciously study manifestations of transference within the supervisory relationship and respond to them correctively. Corrective
interventions, whether purposeful or unintentional, expand supervisees’ relational and self-reflective capacities.
相似文献
Gerald SchamessEmail: |
18.
Theory suggests that individual performance pay increases effort but may reduce the incentive to help co-workers. In an original
survey of finance industry employees subject to individual performance pay, we demonstrate that those workers who report they
do not help co-workers earn significantly more. This result is particularly strong for those workers with the strongest individual
performance pay incentives. Moreover, when those workers report that their coworkers help them, they also earn significantly
more. These dual results are consistent with a strong incentive to free-ride on the helping effort of others in the face of
individual performance pay.
相似文献
John S. Heywood (Corresponding author)Email: |
19.
Honggao Cao 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2008,29(1):41-54
Using data from the Health and Retirement Study 2001 Human Capital Investment Survey, this article examines the impact of
credit market constraints on investment in college education. The effect of family income on college attendance may not be
as big as perceived in some previous studies. The interest rates faced by children from middle families are the lowest in
the credit market. The research suggests that various government programs aiming to help children from poor families may be
effective, but only at the extensive margin—by improving their access to college education. For those who get into college,
underinvestment by students from poor families remains a significant problem.
相似文献
Honggao CaoEmail: |
20.
Amada Armenta 《Qualitative sociology》2009,32(3):279-292
Drawing on 1 year of ethnographic fieldwork in Los Angeles, this article examines how Latina nannies create workplace solidarity
in a public park. This article reveals how nannies use public spaces in the neighborhoods in which they work to establish
ties similar to co-worker relations in other settings. This paper demonstrates how nannies create a community at the park
by incorporating park staff into their activities, reinforcing group values such as sharing and reciprocity, and distinguishing
themselves from their employers. Adding to previous research which highlights the atomization and stigmatization that comes
with domestic employment, this article shows how nannies create co-worker relationships that are buffers against unfavorable
job conditions such as solitary work settings and unappreciative employers.
相似文献
Amada ArmentaEmail: |