高职院校大学生心理现状及对策研究

近年来,种种迹象表明,高职院校大学生心理健康问题越来越受到关注,加大高职院校大学生心理健康培养已迫在眉睫。本文以高职院校大学生为对象,归纳了高职院校大学生心理健康的五大问题,并从大学生个人、学校、家庭、社会四个层面论述高职院校大学生心理健康问题的成因。结合这些问题及成因,最后从四个方面给出了提升高职生心理健康水平的对策。     

“三全育人”视域中大学生心理健康教育研究

对大学生开展心理健康教育,对于开发其心智、培养其良好的品格具有重要的作用。"三全育人"理念为大学生心理健康教育提供了理论指导,在具体实践中存在着大学生心理健康教育全员性不足、大学生心理健康教育过程欠缺全局观、大学生心理健康教育的全方位意识不强的问题。需要从调动心理健康教育主体的积极性、对大学生开展分阶段的心理健康教育、丰富大学生心理健康教育形式方面入手,构建多元协调的教育体系,推动大学生心理健康教育模式的创新。     

高校少数民族大学生心理健康教育探析

少数民族大学生是一个比较特殊的群体,由于主客观的种种原因,许多少数民族大学生都存在因家庭条件相对贫困带来的自卑感、人际交往障碍、就业矛盾心理等问题。通过分析少数民族大学生心理健康以及教育存在的问题,从强化队伍建设、完善管理机构、搭建心理健康教育平台三方面探索高校少数民族大学生心理健康教育的对策与路径。     

高职学生心理健康教育刍议

广大大学生的心理健康问题逐渐成为国家和社会关注的重点。其中高职学生的心理健康问题尤其值得关注。高职学生由于培养目标和就业定位等因素更容易遭受心理挫折。为了改善高职学生的心理健康问题,加强心理健康教育,本文从人格塑造、心理健康教育的针对性、帮助学生认识自我等方面提出了建议。     

大学生心理健康问题现状分析及对策研究

本文将从个人、家庭、学校、社会等方面对大学生心理进行分析,并为进一步改善大学生心理健康问题提出几点参考建议。     

广西高校体育健康教育现状的相关对策研究

从2005年开展的第五次大学生体质健康调研结呆和来自国内各高等院校的资料显示表明，大学生体质、心理健康方面存在一些令人担忧的突出问题。大学生肺活量水平、体能素质持续下降，体能素质中的速度素质和力量素质连续10年下降；从上世纪80年代中期以来，因心理健康方面的问题而导致的身心疾病已经成为大学生休学、退学乃至产生轻生的主要原因。因此，本文以广西20所普通高校学生为研究对象，对高校体育健康教育进行了研究。     

当前大学生的心理健康状况及存在的主要问题初探

本文对当前大学生心理健康教育存在的问题及工作状况进行探究,着重阐述加强和改进大学生心理健康教育的对策、方法和途径。从大学生心理健康教育工作系统构建的角度,立足于中国国情,立足于可操作性,探究新时期我国大学生心理健康教育的工作方法、工作途径等。     

贫困大学生心理健康问题探究

由于物质和精神的双重“贫困”，高校贫困大学生的心理健康问题十分突出。因此，解决高校贫困生问题事关高校的稳定和社会的和谐。本文从贫困大学生存在的主要心理健康问题及其产生的原因入手，探究贫困大学生如何进行自我调整以及在矫正贫困大学生心理健康问题上社会、高校、家庭的责任和作用。     

加强和改进大学生心理健康教育探析

加强大学生心理健康教育是培养高素质合格人才的迫切要求，是落实科学发展观的迫切要求。进一步加强和改进大学生心理健康教育，要从思想上高度重视大学生心理健康教育问题，努力提高大学生心理健康教育工作水平，努力营造有利于大学生健康成长的环境和氛围。     

大学生手机依赖的问题成因及防治对策——以辽宁师范大学为例

基于手机依赖理论,运用实证分析法,以辽宁师范大学大一、大二、大三、大四在校学生为研究对象,编制辽宁师范大学学生手机依赖调查问卷表,着重分析辽宁师范大学学生手机依赖的现状,认为该校大学生手机依赖问题不容小觑,从手机、大学生、家庭、学校、社会等六个层面展开大学生手机依赖问题成因分析,认为应该从加强课堂建设、宣传教育引导、心理健康管理三个方面完善大学生手机依赖防治对策。     

Back and Forth and Beyond

The Journal invited Tom Andersen, author of major pioneering work on the reflecting team, and his colleagues, to offer comment on The Reflecting Team Process in Training. We thought such a north-south dialogue was in keeping with the spirit of reflecting teams, and the team members in Melbourne and Tromsø agree — Editor.     

Time and aging--mechanisms and meanings

A recent European Molecular Biology Laboratory Conference on Science and Society entitled "Time & Aging--Mechanisms & Meanings" fascinated scientists from different research areas as well as nonscientists. Topics discussed included not only the biological aging process but also the psychological effects of aging and social influences that affect this process.     

Arts and Crafts and Reconstruction

Abstract

This paper examines the role of arts and crafts in reconstructing communities after times of upheaval, their use in creating employment opportunities, and their impact on the nature of South African art history. It looks at craft initiatives during and after the Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002, and draws parallels with early twentieth-century initiatives, particularly those of Florence Phillips, who founded the Johannesburg Art Gallery in 1910, Emily Hobhouse, who established Boer home industries, and the South African National Union, which promoted the manufacture and use of local products.     

Sexual Compulsivity and Sexual Behaviors Among Gay and Bisexual Men and Lesbian and Bisexual Women

Within the existing body of research, the information pertaining to sexual compulsivity (SC) among women, both homo- and heterosexual, remains rather limited in comparison to men. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of SC in a community sample of gay and bisexual men and lesbian and bisexual women and to identify differences in sexual practices based on classification as sexually compulsive within gender. Supporting previous research, the findings indicated that gay and bisexual men were significantly higher in SC when compared to lesbian and bisexual women. Similarly, sexually compulsive gay and bisexual men were more likely to report drug use with sex than their non-sexually compulsive peers, suggesting that “party n' play” may play a larger role for men with SC. In addition, the findings demonstrated empirical support for the proposition that lesbian and bisexual women with symptoms of SC were more likely to engage in specialized sexual behaviors in comparison to their non-sexually compulsive peers. These data suggest that SC manifests differently in gay, lesbian, and bisexual men and women.     

Evening and night work schedules and children's social and emotional well-being

ABSTRACT

An emerging body of evidence shows that parents’ non-standard work schedules have a detrimental effect on children's well-being. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated mediating factors that underpin this association. Likewise, only a few studies have examined the impact of fathers’ non-standard work schedules on children's well-being. Based on data from the Families in Germany Study (FiD), this study aimed to address these research gaps. The sample consists of parents and their children at ages 7–8 and 9–10 (n?=?838 child observations in dual-earner families). The data were collected in the years 2010–2013. Non-standard work hours were defined as working in evenings and or at night (every day, several times a week, or changing as shifts). Children's social and emotional well-being was measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The findings show that both mothers’ and fathers’ evening and night work schedules are linked to an increase in children's externalizing and internalizing behavior and that this association is partially mediated by mothers’ and fathers’ harsh and strict parenting, with a stronger mediation effect for fathers parenting.     

History and the here and now

This paper explores the lesser-known histories and present-day realities of small towns and non-metropolitan areas in the internal provinces of South Africa. It is different inasmuch as it focuses on transformations that have taken place at the local level, and where possible, generalises from these, rather than following the normal route taken by social scientists – at least from 1994, which has been to examine them from the top down. One feature of such changes has been the growth of gated communicates across the length and breadth of South Africa, but there are many more. One reason for their anonymity is that their evolution has been gradual and corpuscular, that they have become unconsciously familiar and are left unexamined. Another is our collective preoccupation with the metropolitan areas rather than the smaller localities where such processes are subterranean and confined. This paper presents very briefly some of the results of the researchers of the Local Histories and Present Realities programme over the past five years, in 19 separate centres. It examines the history and present circumstance of chiefdoms of Ga-Mphahlele and reveals the surprise finding that much of recent and contemporary politics revolve around events 200 years old. An analogous situation has arisen in Venda as well as in Mpumalanga and elsewhere, where a combination of new legislation to revive chiefly powers, and land reclamation legislation have lent a new legitimacy to chiefly powers, and inspired hundreds of phantom – and time-consuming – quests. Another massive development which has gone on around us but whose internal dynamics have never been observed is the rise of game hunting and ranching all over the interior of South Africa. This is a monster subject which is likely to have influence on all of our lives into which our group is now in a position to offer insights. A change of equal proportions is the rise of mining all over the interior Bushveld Igneous Complex – Mokopane is a good example of this and the huge social consequences this has brought in its wake. One final theme which embraces all the communities that we have studied is the local histories of transformation – collectively the most important – since 1994. This is almost entirely hidden to a wider world, including the transformed positions of local Indian residents.     

Thinking and Speech and Protocol Analysis

Some form of verbal report—that is, a research participant' s concurrent or retrospective verbal account of thought processes during problem-solving activities—has been used throughout this century as the database from which psychologists have developed theories of human mentation. Newell and Simon (1972) and Ericsson and Simon (1980, 1993) have provided extensive justification for using one such method, protocol analysis, as a tool for investigating cognition from an information-processing (IP) perspective. Their arguments have characterized protocol analysis as a methodology capable of providing evidence of the ways in which people attend to information stored in short-term memory to solve problems, with the evidence providing them with the grounds from which to generate models of human cognitive processes. A different view of protocol analysis is available from the perspective of cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT) based on the work of Vygotsky (1987), Leont'ev (1981), and others, and its concern with the mediation of human development by culturally and historically grounded signs and tools. Because of its emphasis on culturally channeled development, a CHAT perspective views speech, including the speech that serves as evidence for cognition in psychological research, as a tool that potentially enables changes in consciousness. In this article I outline a CHAT perspective that accounts for protocol analysis along three key dimensions: (a) the relation between thinking and speech from a representational standpoint, (b) the social role of speech in research methodology, and (c) the influence of speech on thinking during data collection. The purpose of this discussion is not to refute the IP perspective on protocol analysis but to illustrate how this method can be viewed through a CHAT lens and to identify alternative assumptions that must be made to use it from a CHAT perspective.