六朝民族史研究的范式演进——兼论“族类观念”的研究展望

20世纪中国民族史研究的主题是分类、源流、关系、融合,形成“民族—文化实体”的理论范式。20世纪末以来,以现代民族对接古代人群的做法受到质疑,六朝民族史领域对政治属性的重视超过了文化特征,产生“政治—地域实体”的研究趋向。无论“民族—文化实体”还是“政治—地域实体”,这两种范式的理论根基均是来自西方舶来品,与中国古史记载的“族类”不尽吻合。“政治—地域实体论”有助于克服“分类—溯源”体系带来的矛盾,厘清六朝南方族群共同的本质,然而笼罩在共性话语中的个性却被忽视了。族类概念的内涵与外延、关系与演变,是复杂的观念史问题,反映了华夏统治的区域差异及由此造成的族群分类,这一思考或可成为中古民族史研究新的方向。     

哈萨克斯坦东干人的民族教育与群体建构

东干人是与中国有着密切历史文化联系的中亚少数族群,是了解当下中亚政治经济发展和复杂民族关系的绝佳素材。在历史的演进中,他们形成了一套能维持文化传承和族群边界的民族教育体系,但当下受到很大的冲击和影响。     

冯瑜等著《“地方性”的尝试》出版

冯瑜、赵卫东、李红春著《"地方性"的尝试:云南回族特殊族群民族认同、族群关系及社会文化变迁研究》是第一本较为全面和系统地介绍云南回族特殊族群的书籍。云南地处中国西南边陲,从历史到今天都是一个人群与文化     

论乾隆朝八旗官吏诗人

清代诗歌文化盛行,诗歌总体数量为前代所不及。清代诗歌文化的繁荣是各民族人民共同创造的结果。自清入关以来,八旗诗人不断涌现,到乾隆朝形成了一个重要的诗人群体,对于清代的文化、政治及民族关系均产生了积极而深远的影响。     

现代国家话语下的族群认同变迁——以广西龙州县金龙镇板外屯壮族傣人侬人为例

族群认同的变迁与民族国家的现代化进程密不可分。位于广西西南部边境村落的傣人和侬人,从历史上两族群之间界线明晰到今天的"傣侬不分",其族群意识的变迁深深烙上了现代国家话语的痕迹。同时,族群特有的内在文化认知作为一种排异的力量始终在发生作用。本文着力呈现国家语境下傣人和侬人的关系及演变,深入探讨现代民族国家如何通过自身的话语表述将不同文化特质的族群个体纳入到统一的政治和经济体之中,而当地的族群成员又是如何接受或拒绝这些表述的。     

北极民族学考察记——兼谈民族志的写作

本文通过对俄罗斯北极地区涅涅茨人的一次民族学田野考察,记录了该民族传统的驯鹿文化及生活方式,并在此基础上讨论了民族志写作方面的相关问题,特别强调了中国民族学加强国外民族志建设的重要意义。     

中国多民族文学共同体诗学的寻绎与建构

中国多民族文学共同体诗学的寻绎与建构,需要将多民族文学的发生发展置于广阔的社会历史文化背景,从多民族历史文化发生发展乃至多民族文学关系发展的角度加以考察,寻绎中华民族文化圈的内涵、流变以及与多民族文化元素或隐或现的亲缘关系,揭示不同地域与族群的文学是如何构成多元共生、互动循环的有机生态系统。在民族的迁徙、流转、繁盛、沉没,文化的起源、传播、转轨、融通和发达中,彼此交流相互融通,提炼和阐发其中包含的多元一体、纵深多层的共同体诗学。有助于我们从立体的多维角度充分认识多样的地域历史文化特色,发掘和彰显已与群、一与多、个性与共性、地方与国家、民族与世界之间相互接纳和相互反馈的因果关系,在不断融通不断塑造不断建构的过程中,为中国多民族文学共同体诗学的建构,实现“民族文化叙事”与“共同体叙事”的平衡与统一。     

贵琼语借词认知与文化隐喻性研究

贵琼借词作为语言和文化联系的纽带成为了研究文化变迁的"活化石"。借词可以折射出族群文化的变迁,概念的建构以及思想观念的转变,同时也能反映族群的现实认知机制和价值观。民族的语言发展和变化无不渗透着简单的隐喻思想,通过隐喻这种认识文化的新途径,我们可深入了解不同地域,不同民族文化、思想倾向以及价值观,从而建构族群文化概念与范畴。     

少数民族小说民族志特征探析——以当代长篇小说《尘埃落定》为例

《尘埃落定》小说创作者用饱蘸民族情感的笔触,深入挖掘民族历史文化遗存,并予以当代观照,透过它,可以洞见其民族志书写特征,即民族精神文化中的民族民间语言、民间文学、民间艺术在少数民族长篇小说中的传承与弘扬就是民族志特征之一。《尘埃落定》既留下了可贵的民族文化遗产,又在民族志与小说的双向互动中获得了新的生存空间和勃勃生机。     

民族历史的自我坚守与族群隐痛——迟子建长篇小说《额尔古纳河右岸》赏析

东北作家迟子建创作的长篇小说《额尔古纳河右岸》反映了鄂温克民族近百年来的苦难历史和文化变迁,表达了作家对这个弱小民族的挚爱及对族群命运的强烈关注。本文从民族历史、民间立场、自然叙事等方面,论述了鄂温克民族为生存而抗争的自我坚守和族群隐痛,分析了人与自然、现代与传统之间的关系。     

Meeting / Derrida

In August 1999, Jacques Derrida gave a number of lectures and seminars in Melbourne and Sydney. The seminar of 13 August, held at Sydney's Seymour Centre Theatre, was open to the public. It consisted of a question-and-answer session with Genevieve Lloyd, David Wills, Paul Patton and Penelope Deutscher. Its title, 'Themes from Recent Work', reflected interests in the work from Specters of Marx (1994) onwards which some, including Paul Patton, have referred to as deconstruction in its affirmative phase. What follows is a by-no-means verbatim record of the event. Rather it is but one member of the audience's account of what transpired in the seminar – an account which is therefore necessarily selective and pressed through the grid of my own quasi-philosophical interests. Following this account of the seminar, I offer some marginal notes on the open discussion following the seminar, then, finally, some reflections on a particular matter discussed at the dinner which followed that – madness.     

Defining ‘real India’: representations of authenticity in independent travel

As an alternative to the stereotypical mass tourism, independent travellers – travellers who travel for extended periods on low budgets while ostensibly avoiding formalized tourist activities and locales – are invested in constructing ‘authentic’ travel experiences. Practices such as ‘off-the-beaten-track’ travel and cultural engagement provide the means by which independent travellers are able to make claims to such authenticity. Authenticity is constructed by travellers through idealizations of intimacy and non-commodification. These idealizations are tangled in narrative representations of ‘real’ India and ‘real’ Indians, their ‘real’-ness typified by an absence of other travellers, tourists and, more generally, Western contamination. In these ways, ‘authentic’ travel is dependent upon actively constructed binaries of Western travelling subjects and exotic Indian objects. Yet travellers' fantasies of the Other are fragile and subject to collapse at moments in which so-called Others articulate their subjectivity in a way that is inconsistent with travellers' expectations. Through a focus on travellers' narratives of their experience, both the requirement for an Orientalist dichotomy as well as the ruptures that continually challenge this dichotomy, will emerge.     

Oestrogen Rising 2016: Ireland’s stained and bloodied cloths

A weaver, seamstress, laundress and artist, in this essay I shall spin a yarn, tangle a web, and construct a text(ile) of the inter-weave of narrative and identity that I define as my intellectual, textual, somatic and material/visual practice obsessions. My work explores ‘the places in-between’ in the entanglements of Irish and Northern Irish gender and identity, and in the abject fabrics of death and of desire. As an Irish feminist, sense-making of the complexities, conundrums, challenges and contradictions of my land, my cloth, my body and my culture owes much to Irish women before me who fought for female suffrage, and Irish women now – north and south of the border that divides the island of Ireland – who still struggle for equality of citizenship, social justice, human rights, and full reproductive autonomy. My contention is that when we accept that Ireland herself is a many-layered cloth, a stained and bloodied cloth, a cloth marked irreversibly by history, conflict, denial and abuse, stained by its own repression, marked through denial of all its people’s rights and needs, and bloodied by its greatest export, the haemorrhage of its people, then – polemical, didactic or reflective, with more compassion, empathy, humility and heart – we just might make peace with our past.     

The changing configurations of self-(m)other dialogue in North Cyprus

This paper deals with issues of identity, nationalism, postcolonialism, and self-other relations with a focus on a period of transformative events in North Cyprus. It notes how nationalism has been the dominant means of identification for Cypriots in their modern history, and argues that unless weakened and supplanted by a radically pluralist democracy, nationalism imagines one's identity as an indivisible unity and has no place for different others within the nation. However, a pressing relationship with others and otherness is no stranger to Cypriots either, which makes it clear that the border that defines the ‘we’ of such nationalism is, at the same time, the line that divides the self intrinsically, indicating the otherness of the self or its alterity. Subjectivity involves subjection to the other.     

Changing patterns of mobility,citizenship and conflict in Indonesia

ABSTRACT

Mobility and migration are inherent ingredients of Indonesian cultures. In an archipelago with thousands of islands of various size, character and nature, mobility is an important means to make a living and to survive by migration. The right to free movement in Indonesia is constitutionally granted. It can create mobility and give expression to equal citizenship rights at the same time as it can trigger the enforcement of borders among cultural groups and the ethnification of local and regional politics. Mobility thus always comes along with immobility. Physical mobility of one group of people might cause immobility of another group or it might create cultural and political immobility in the same group. In places such as Eastern Indonesia, people have developed reciprocal means to integrate newcomers. Whereas the immigrants are usually disadvantaged citizens with regards to land and customary rights, those living in the area for generations have nonetheless become integral parts of quite peaceful local settings, one way or the other. The advancement of decentralization, democratization and direct elections of political representatives can lead to political empowerment, the promotion of ethnicity as election capital and changing patterns of belonging. This paper illustrates these ambivalences by looking at mobility in Indonesia more generally and how changing national policies and laws lead to reinterpretations of mobility patterns and trigger changes in relations between local population groups and existing mechanisms of cultural and political inclusion and exclusion. Butonese migrants in Maluku will here serve as a case study.     

三江源自然保护区生态旅游开发的SWOT分析

本文就三江源自然保护区开发生态旅游产品的可行性及发展潜力,运用SWOT分析模式进行客观分析,并得出三江源开发生态旅游产品是实现该地区可持续发展的最佳途径。     

热贡鲁若中"玛泽"与藏族历史的渊源关系

文章从历史学、宗教学、民俗学等角度,将流行于黄南藏族自治州同仁县隆务河流域的六月会主体节目之一"玛泽"的文化内涵进行了新的探讨,并就"玛泽"节目的历史和宗教渊源关系,民俗形成过程,以及对军事、生产活动中的意义提出了自己的看法.     

‘Both an Arab and a woman’: gendered,racialised experiences of female Palestinian citizens of Israel

Following feminist and postcolonial discourses, this paper uses the concept of ‘everyday experience’ as a tool to trace the social world of educated Palestinian women in Israel. The term refers to the complex array of these women's experiences in racialised and gendered social sites, as well as within the class, religious, and ethnic contexts in the subordinated group and its relations with the dominant Jewish group. Based on 108 in‐depth interviews with Palestinian women citizens of Israel, the paper claims that educated Palestinian women are located in a ‘third place’ between cultural, gender, class, national and racial structures that generates a continual ambivalence. Within this marginal, ‘unhomely’ space women negotiate their own identities and challenge dominant social definitions. Women create various modes of interim spaces and multi‐dimensional, shifting identities for themselves. The ambivalent attitudes generated by the women's experiences expose the possibility of shedding categorising markers. The omnipresent existence of the gendered, racialised regime of knowledge makes every place a potential site of subversion and resistance.     

羌族宗教信仰与藏文化的关系考察研究

岷江上游羌族宗教信仰是多元混杂的,导致这种现象的产生,既有历史的因素,又有现实的因素.历史的因素可追溯到古羌人时代,从那里我们可寻羌族宗教信仰之渊源的一些踪迹;现实的因素可从羌族地处藏彝走廊,受汉藏文化影响的现状中去采撷一些实际的表现.本文拟就羌族原始宗教信仰中的藏文化因子,羌族天神信仰与藏族民间宗教信仰的渊源,羌族和藏族有关人类起源传说的相似与区分,羌族原始宗教信仰与佛教文化的糅合等方面对羌族宗教信仰与藏文化的关系作一较为深入的考察分析.     

Identification,the exercise of democracy and the fear of the Other – the June EU referendum in the UK

ABSTRACT

The focus is the oscillation among leave voters in the EU referendum from the exercise of rights - an act of dis-identification – towards the assertion of identity as members of a British community. This was mediated by voters acting in an association of citizens calling on the equalising agency of the British people whilst claiming membership of a locally circumscribed community, perceived as injured, through entanglement with the Other prominent among them Europeans. Hence the recovery of the injured community as the object of the denunciators’ desire for identity coupled with the fear of the Other. Predicated on this was the resumption of class, gender and ethnic roles reflected in division among voters. The denunciation of togetherness with Europeans served leave voters to substitute the exercise of rights with a longing for identity. Instrumental in this was the lack of deliberation in the plebiscite to articulate the will of individual voters through a general will. The ‘direct power’ exercised enabled many to cast away their role as citizen in an attempt to claim their privileges as members of a racially and culturally demarcated British community. Paradoxically, the voters’ unashamed disavowal of their agency as citizens by seeking to restore a divided social world as the source of their identity was represented as an exercise in democracy. To some playing on words was supplemented by the use of force removing the gap between the discursive exclusion of the Other and the continued physical presence of bearers of different races and culture.