JOURNAL OF HOHAI UNIVERSITY （PHILOSOPHY AND SOCIAL SCIENCES）

The development of water culture in contemporary China results from water conservancy practice, which not ouly shows unprecedented new image but also makes cultural spirits of the new times emerge. Such cultral spirits are as follows： cooperation spirits of regulating rivers and water resources, profession spirits of devotion and responsibility, a sense of being the master of history, a sense of merging humanistic spirits with engineering techniques, the consciousness of being open to the outside world, and competition spirits. Therefore, these cultural spirits have inherent relationship with Chinese water culture, but bear more innovation characteristics of the new ames.     

Foreword to Inaugural Issue

Shenzhen University, founded in September 1983 with the approval of the State Council, is a university of the new and comprehensive type. At present, it has six departments——of Chinese, English, Economics, Law, Architecture, and of Electronics. Besides these, a number of research institutes have been set up, including the Institute of Special Zone Economy, the     

Contents

（ 1 ） Is New Poetry a Failure？ ——Basic Experience of Chinese New Poety
——Viewpoints of the Forum of Second Modern Chinese Poetry Seminar, Nanjing, China （Abridged） Ye Lu, etc. 1
Abstract： Eight attendants expound the inevitability and rationality of Chinese new poetry from the perspective of poetics, sociology, new poetry history and the aesthetic consciousness of modem poetry, and exchange views with Ji Xianlin on the so-called failure of Chinese new poetry.     

汉语谚语语义性质及其关系研究

As the oldest and most frequently used conventional expressions,Chinese proverbs usually represent the way of thinking of the Chinese people.Metaphors,one typical type of Chinese proverbs,try to establish a relation of equality between two relatively dissimilar entities, such as time and money.The ability to understand and to use figurative language is related to one's social competence and professional achievement.In order to reveal the mechanism of proverb processing,the current study takes a close look at the nature of semantic properties and their inter-relationships in Chinese proverbs.522 Chinese sentential proverbs(the two clauses of the proverb are of the same syntax,e.g.,“人活脸,树活皮”)were presented to 360 university students.They were asked to rate the familiarity(1 for least familiar, 7 for most familiar), predictability(1 for least predictable, 7 for most predictable),agreement(1 for least matched between the two clauses,7 for most matched between the two clauses),degree of being understandable(1 for least understandable,7 for most understandable),and imaginability(1 for least imaginable,7 for most imaginable)based on a 7-point Likert Scale,as well as age of acquisition(AOA).Correlation and regression analysis were conducted based on these ratings. The results show a significant positive correlation between familiarity and each of the rest semantic properties,which are consistent with the findings of the previous work.A significant negative correlation between age of acquisition and each of the rest semantic properties is also observed in the current study.However,no significant correlation is found between familiarity and degree of being understandable,which might be due to the low rating of familiarity and the wide dispersity.In order to further reveal the inter-relationships of semantic properties, hierarchical regression analyses are carried out and show that familiarity,imaginabiltity,agreement,and age of acquisition significantly predict the degree of being understandable,while familiarity and age of acquisition significantly predict the predictability of proverbs. Our results demonstrate that familiarity and age of acquisition are two important factors which influence our understanding of Chinese proverbs. In addition, the semantic consistency between two clauses of a Chinese sentential proverb and degree of imagination also play an important role in understanding idiomatic strings.Imaginability is related to the theory of″Dual Coding,″which argues that visual and verbal information are processed differently and along distinct channels in the human mind, creating separate representations for information processed in each channel.The mental codes corresponding to these representations are used to organize incoming information that can be acted upon,stored,and retrieved for subsequent use.Both visual and verbal codes can be used when recalling information.The ability to code a stimulus in two different ways increases the chance of remembering that item compared to if the stimulus is only coded one way.Our results suggest that the processing of a Chinese proverb partially relies on the accessibility to visual code of a proverb which is primarily affected by culture. Therefore, Chinese culture could influence the understanding of Chinese proverbs. Specifically,in the creating process,a number of concrete concepts are used to express the abstract inter-relationships through their similarity,e.g.,the relationship between a person(人)and his/her reputation(脸)is similar to that between a tree(树)and its bark(皮).In other words,the reputation of a person is as important as the bark of a tree.In order to successfully understand the Chinese proverbs,it is important to learn about the deeper meanings of″face″and″reputation″in Chinese culture.That explains why the comprehension of a proverb is significantly associated with one's culture understanding.Based on the current study,more studies should be conducted with a focus on the understanding process of proverbs,which will help reveal the mental mechanism of Chinese and preserving Chinese culture.     

遼大学人

Born in Shenyang, Liaoning Province in 1945, Wang Wei, is a professor at the College of Literature, Liaoning University, and a doctoral supervisor receiving the special government allowance distributed by the state council. For dozens of years Professor Wang has undertaken numerous teaching tasks, respectively giving undergraduates, graduate students majoring in ancient Chinese literature and folklore, and Ph.D candidates specializing in literary theory studies, lectures in ancient Chinese literary history, selected works of ancient Chinese literature,     

ANALYSIS OF DAISY MILLER IN HENRY JAMES''''DAISY MILLER

Among James' portrait of American girls, Daisy is the first and most popular one. Daisy Miller, the novel, won immediate success, and a namesake film followed at once. There was even a "Daisy Miller" style of hat, and "Daisy Millerism" became a synonym for a trend in American women: the trend towards greater freedom and independence. No one has ever offered a bettter explanation of Daisy's great popularity than Edmund Wilson when he says it is due to the impression conveyed by her creator that "her spirit went     

Conents

Zhai Yongming, the herald of feminine poem writing in Mainland China, cheering for her consciousness of dark, blazed a trail for the poems of confessional style, which could be described as crazy and unscrupulous. Later, this style was transformed into a style of drama in which one can find intercourses and dialogues. The two different poetic styles imply two specific paradigms for the history of Chinese contemporary poems. The author adheres to the method called ＂the few is the numerous＂, with which she exposes many different aspects of life. Her works, mosf of which are both reserved and uncommunicative, and tempt the audience to thinking deeply of them. For these reasons, she can be recognized as one of the poets with both inner powers to write and outstanding profundity.     

A Comparison Between the English and the Chinese Love Poetry Before the Modern Period

The thcme of romantic love may well be said to be a universal One inpoetry.But,since the content of love varies from one culture to another,itstreatments in the respective literatures also differ from one another.A com-parison between the English and the Chinese love poetry reveals their inter-defining relationship,adding unexpected new dimensions to our understandingof both.The theory of literary criticism,to be sure,could also benefit ap-preciably from the conclusions of sucn a comparison.     

The Scholar of Liaoning University

Hu Sheng,born in March 1969 in Haicheng,Liaoning Province,graduated from Liaoning University's Department of Chinese in 1995 with a MA,and from Chinese Department of Beijing Normal University in 1998 with a PhD.He had studied under Huang Yan-bai,Zhang Jun,Zhu Mei-shu and Dong Wen-cheng.In 2004 he was promoted to the rank of Professor ex-ceptionally.Nowhe serves as dean of College of Literature at Liaoning University,MA student adviser,discipline leader of an-     

A Review of American Academic Research on Chinese Cities in the Twentieth Century

In the perspective of urbanization and city modernization, the study of American academic research on Chinese cities in the 20th century shows that much was done about Chinese cities before 1949 but scarce about ur- banization in the same period. Research related to Chinese cities （including urbanization and city modernization） during 1949--1978 was far from adequate, but most research work was done about city development in China after 1978. Academically American researchers have a broad vision, but practically their findings are rather unsatisfacto- ry and regretful although many of their opinions are “applicable” to Chinese realities.     

宋代--东方的文艺复兴

在世界历史上,中国文化曾一直保持着世界领先的地位,宋代被誉为东方的文艺复兴。这种兴盛的局面主要建立在宋代的科学技术之上,也与当时的宗教局面和对外开放的国家态势有着密切的关系。全面认识东方文艺复兴的根源,有助于我们认识科学技术是第一生产力的论断,增强民族自豪感,促进21世纪中叶实现中华民族的新的伟大复兴。,In history China had all the time kept the leading role as her international position before the end of the Song Dynasty, t herefore she has been honoured as the Renaissance in the East. Such a prosperon s situation was set up on the basis of the advanced science and technology, and had much to do with the religious situation and the open towards foreign countr ies. To recognize the roots of the Renaissance in the East in a comprehensive wa y may enhance our sense of national pride to realize a new Renaissance of the Ch inese nation in the mid-2000s.     

英文摘要

China＇s modernization is carrying in a background of serious ecological problems . We must understand and treat seriously the growing trend of ecological deterioration. China＇s Current ecological problems arise from the nature of the performance of the industrial crisis, which shows the the historical inevitability of the ecologi- cal environment questions. We must strive to achieve the changes in modes of production, as well as development and construction of new industrialization which is a driving force in the new environmental protection and ecological construction. By 2020,     

The First Chinese Emperor in Vietnam

Vietnam,a close neighbor of China,was influenced by the Chinese Culture for generations.In history,Vietnam had been under the administration and protection of ancient Chinese imperial court for a long period of time.The first Chinese emperor in Vietnam,who can be traced far back to Qin and Han dynasty,is referred to as the oldest emperor worldwide, His name was Zhao Tuo,     

The Struggle for Human Betterment as A theme in Mary Shelly＇ s Frankenstein

M ary Shelley wrote her famous novelFrankensteinin thesumm er of 1816.The tale relates the tragic experiences of Fran-kenste in,a Geneva student of natural ph ilosophy,who d iscoversthe secret of life and succeeds in imparting life to an artific ialhum an…     

RIVERVIEW PAVILION Kuan Han-ch''''ing(d.1307)

ACT Ⅰ(Enter player in the part of Mother Pai.)MOTHER PAI A poor nun am I,Mother Pai by name.In my earlyyears I put aside the world and entered a convent and I am now head ofthis Ch'ingan Abbey.Here there dwells a young lady,T'an Chi-erh by name,of surpassirg beauty,who,her husband having unfortunately passed away,lives at home a childless widow and comes to this abbey here day in andday out to chat with me.A.nephew I have,named Pai Shih-chung,about     

完形填空

（一） Roberta appeared on the stage. She took a deep breath and began to 1 . Now she was Portia, a strong-willed 2 in Shakespeare＇s The Merchant of Venice. The theater was filled with people. She was speaking with a power she had never before experienced, the words flowing 3 from her.     

On Jinggangshan Creative Spiritand Its Contemporary Value

Abstract：Jinggangshan spirit, a product of its historical conditions, is a great spiritual monument in the history of the Communist Party of China. It has abundant connotation but it core content is the creative spirit that includes two basic senses： pioneering spirit and combination of theory with practice. The Jinggangsgan creative spirit expired the Communist Party of China in leading the Chinese people to overcome all dangers and difficulties, win the victory of the New Democratic Revolution, and establish the socialist system. In today＇ s situation of reforming and opening up to the outside world and in the effort to build up socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics, the Jing- gangshan creative spirit is still worth to inherit and carry forward.     

从一个句子谈起——浅谈译文如何保留原文的特色和文采

请看下面一个原句和它的译文: “My mother was sitting by the fire,but poorly in health,and verylow in spirits,looking at it through her tears,and desponding heavilyabout herself and the fatherless little stranger,who was alreadywelcomed by some grosses of prophetic pins,in a drawer upstairs,to     

Abstracts and Key Words of Major Articles

Gender Anxiety in the Early American-Jewish Fiction --On the Feminine Freedom in Anzia Yezierska＇s Bread Givers FU YONG （School of Foreign Languages, Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing, 100083） Abstract： The two-dimensional dilemma presented in the early American-Jewish female fiction epitomizes both the paradox and interaction of Jewish patriarchy and female identity. As an American-Jewish female writer, Yezierska＇s Bread Givers delineated the Jewish female immigrants from the pogrom-ridden Eastern European shtetl to the American cities of the early 20th century. She fashioned the Bildungsroman of a female protagonist, who struggles to overthrow the constraints of patriarchal system in search for her freedom. In her depiction of the protagonist＇s gender anxiety, Yezierska has been deeply plunged into the muhicuhural dilemma between Jewish tradition and American modernity. Key words： Jewish patriarchy; Jewish women; gender anxiety; hunger