阿拉伯侨民文学的历史意义与文学价值

丰富多彩、华丽优美的阿拉伯侨民文学形成于19世纪末20世纪初,是阿拉伯文学中的一支特殊流派,极具文学价值。特定的历史背景使它拥有特殊的历史意义,它对阿拉伯传统文学进行了一系列勇敢的改革和创新,其结果使东西方文学成功地融合了起来,并以其独特的方式充分展现阿拉伯东方文学的魅力。     

阿拉伯文学:全球化语境中的机遇与挑战

全球化对阿拉伯文学的影响是多方面的.无论是从全球文化一体化还是全球文化多元化的角度来看,全球化都对阿拉伯文学产生了积极的影响,使阿拉伯文学得到了极大的发展,文学的体裁、创作的手法都变得丰富多彩.但是,全球化对阿拉伯文学的负面影响也是显而易见的,它在一定程度上妨碍了阿拉伯文学对民族传统文化的发掘与表达.面对全球化的浪潮,阿拉伯文坛正在思考应对的策略.     

阿拉伯文学：全球化语境中的机遇与挑战

全球化对阿拉伯丈学的影响是多方面的。无论是从全球文化一体化还是全球文化多元化的角度来看，全球化都对阿拉伯丈学产生了积极的影响，使阿拉伯文学得到了极大的发展，文学的体裁、创作的手法都变得丰富多彩。但是，全球化对阿拉伯文学的负面影响也是显而易见的，它在一定程度上妨碍了阿拉伯文学对民族传统文化的发掘与表达。面对全球化的浪潮，阿拉伯文坛正在思考应对的策略。     

任重道远,责无旁贷--在中国外国文学学会阿拉伯文学研究会第四届代表会议暨"世纪之交的阿拉伯文学"研讨会开幕式上的讲话

我们中国外国文学学会阿拉伯文学研究会自1987年正式成立,至今已有14年了.研究会自1995年召开的第四届代表会议暨"阿拉伯的女性文学与阿拉伯文学中的女性研讨会",至今也已届6年.回想当年,那已经是上一世纪的事了.如今我们是站在21世纪的起点上,所以我们可以骄傲地说,我们今天的集会是跨世纪的中国阿拉伯文学研究会在研讨跨世纪的阿拉伯文学.     

近代阿拉伯妇女文学

本文所说妇女文学,指由女性作家所创作的文学.在古代阿拉伯民族二千年文学史上,妇女文学所占的比重很小.其原因,并不是阿拉伯妇女缺乏文学才能,而是同阿拉伯民族的特殊历史文化形态直接有关,尽管如此,当时仍有一些女性冲破种种樊篱,在文坛上崭露头角.如与先知穆罕默德同时代的女诗人韩莎(575～664),倭马亚朝女诗人莱拉·艾赫叶里亚(?～704),安达卢西亚女诗人婉拉黛(?～1091)等.从整个阿拉伯文学史上看,女性作家寥若晨     

安达卢西亚的阿拉伯文学

一、阿拉伯语和阿拉伯文学在安达卢西亚的传播如同中世纪阿拉伯东方一样,安达卢西亚阿拉伯文学的主要表现形式是诗歌.安达卢西亚自然景色的美丽,和经济生活的富庶,都对文学发展起了极大的促进作用,据史料记载,阿拉伯人统治时期的安达卢西亚诗风极盛,甚至是“男女老幼、贵族平民皆吟诗.”     

阿拉伯旅美派文学与海外华人文学之比较

19世纪70年代后,大批黎巴嫩、叙利亚人由于不堪忍受奥斯曼土耳其帝国的残酷统治前往南北美洲。这些侨民中出现了不少杰出的诗人和文学家,1920年北美侨民文学家在纽约成立了文学团体“笔会”,它的宗旨是联合阿拉伯海外侨民作家、振兴阿拉伯文学、发挥文学在民族解放     

马格里布文学在崛起

阿拉伯马格里布文学自20世纪50年代后有较大发展,近20年更有崛起之势,这引起了阿拉伯文坛的瞩目和各国文学界的重视. 回顾马格里布新文学所走过的道路,可以清楚地看到从崇拜学习阿拉伯文学和一切东方文学开始,经过在东西方两种文学之间的徘徊,终于走上了一条挖掘、研究阿拉伯文学遗产并将之发扬光大,同时积极吸收欧     

试论中国女性文学的多元形态

20世纪中国女性文学从不自觉到自觉,经历了近百年的历史跋涉。从陈衡哲、冰心、庐隐、丁玲,到萧红、张爱玲、梅娘,再到张洁、张抗抗、铁凝以及陈染、林白等等,其间有数以百计的女作家为中国新文学的发展和繁荣做出了贡献;她们的创作始终在思想内容与艺术风格上呈现着多元的形态,使中国女性文学作为一种特殊的文学现象。表现出完整的学术姿态。中国女性文学创作的多元形态,是人类社会生活和思维方式所凝聚的文学规律,具有一种包容精神。“女性主义”不能涵盖、也不能代表中国女性文学的主体精神,它只是女性文学的一翼。     

漫谈阿拉伯文学及其在中国的翻译出版(上)

在典籍浩瀚的世界文学宝库中,阿拉伯文学占有显著的地位.这支别具一格、绚丽多彩的奇葩,对世界文化的发展产生过极大影响.何谓阿拉伯文学?历史上,古代是指阿拉伯半岛人民的文学,中古时期是指阿拉伯帝国的文学,后来一提到阿拉伯近代和现代文学,则是指阿拉伯各国的文学.古代阿拉伯文学是以散文和诗歌为主的民间口头文学.阿拉伯半岛上过游牧生活的阿拉伯人民     

Learning empathy through literature

ABSTRACT

In the field of organization studies, little consideration has thus far been devoted to the study of literature. The lacuna in the extant scholarship is unfortunate insofar as there is much to be gained for researchers interested in understanding organization to critically engage with literature. As an illustrative example of how literature can inform myriad pertinent discourses in organization studies, in this piece we study the question of empathy. That is, we describe just some of what may be gleaned about empathy from literature using anecdotes from a pedagogical exercise. Finally, we close this piece with a brief overview of the articles selected for this special issue.     

Children's literature and child abuse

This article focuses on the use of children's literature in the treatment of child abuse, a method referred to as bibliotherapy. Appropriate children's books are described that can be used in this approach.     

The aging male in the literature

The diagnosis of hypoandrogenism in the aging male is still difficult, since the symptomatology is aspecific and multifactorial, and it is unknown whether the androgen requirements of elderly men are the same as those of young men. Indeed, there are arguments for decreased (increased androgen feed-back sensitivity) as well as for increased (decreased concentration of androgen receptors) requirements in elderly men. In the absence of a reliable, clinically useful, parameter of androgen activity, we have to rely on plasma androgen level, an indirect parameter. In the absence of convincing arguments for altered requirements with age, we consider that the normal range of (free) testosterone levels in young adults is also valid for elderly men, the lower normal limit being 11 nmol/l for total testosterone and 0.225 nmol/l for free testosterone. There are indirect, suggestive clinical arguments for accepting these limit values. The diagnosis of hypoandrogenism in elderly males requires both the presence of clinical symptoms and decreased (free) testosterone levels. The best methods for determining free or bioavailable testosterone, are equilibrium dialysis and ammonium sulfate precipitation, respectively. They are, however, time-consuming techniques which are not easily automated. Calculation of the free androgen index (testosterone/sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG)) is not a valid method for male serum. Calculation of free testosterone from total testosterone, SHBG and albumin concentration, yields values that are in good agreement with values obtained by dialysis or ammonium sulfate precipitation. Several conditions should, however, be fulfilled: reliable methods for the determination of testosterone and SHBG, SHBG measurement in serum and not in plasma, use of fresh serum (not repeatedly frozen and thawed), absence of (exogenous) steroids competing for binding sites on SHBG and blood samples taken between 08.00 and 10.00 in the fasting state. Under these conditions an excellent correlation with dialysis and bioavailable testosterone (ammonium sulfate precipitation) is generally obtained.