对我国城市交通规划方法的认识与思考

该文回顾建国以来我国城市交通规划方法的发展概况,从分析城市的土地利用、交通需求以及交通供应三者之间循环机制着手,指出我国现行城市交通规划方法的不足,提出城市生态安全、空间结构和城市交通系统三者的规划与建设一体化的体系框架。     

香港的城市交通

香港的城市交通既便宜又有效率。本文简介香港的不同城市交通工具及其运营概况。     

Critical theory and electronic media

The revolution in the method of production in industry and agriculture, likewise necessitated a revolution in the general conditions of the social process of production, that is to say in the means of communication and transport. In a society whose pivots ... were, first, small-scale àgriculture, with its subsidiary home industries, and, secondly, urban handicraft, the means of communication and transport were utterly inadequate to the requirements of the manufacturing period, with its extended division of social labor, its concentration of the means of labor and of the workers, and its colonial markets; communications and transport, therefore had to be revolutionized, and were in fact revolutionized.

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法国城市交通法

<正> 城市交通法由法国总统颁布命令并与16个有关部的部长共同签署。该法中包括了公共交通货运、铁路和航空运输等内容,现仅摘译有关城市公共交通的内容,供领导和有关部门参考。     

“公交优先”策略的伦理蕴涵与国际视域

＂公交优先＂作为当代全球性的城市交通发展理念,蕴涵着深刻的伦理诉求。城市交通的伦理性源于对最低收入者生存权利的人文关怀,表现为它是一种具有公益性的公共产品;城市交通的公共属性要求在城市交通的规划与发展过程中,重视当代人＂可达性权利＂的平等性和重点关照性。当代发达国家＂公交优先＂的普遍经验证明,＂公交优先＂是中国城市交通发展不可替代的策略抉择。     

上海城市交通政策的优化研究

上海城市交通政策以交通供给和交通需求为主，对当前乃至未来的分析和预测表明，这不足以疏解上海的交通拥堵，还应该把空间结构优化作为重要政策加以实施。最后从多中心策略和就业一居住均衡策略的角度提出了优化上海城市交通政策的思路。     

新加坡城市交通发展模式对广州的启示

新加坡在经济快速发展、人口密度极高、土地资源限制下,仍能保持交通便利与行车顺畅,其成功在于塑造了“公交都市”,通过一系列组合政策运用,避免了交通拥挤带来的问题。新加坡的成功经验表明,交通拥堵问题是系统问题,必须从系统的角度寻找解决交通拥堵的良策,这对目前正努力建设公交都市的广州未来交通政策的制定尤其值得借鉴。     

中国城市需要什么样的交通规划

总结国内城市交通规划的经验与教训,提出城市交通规划应按照国际主流概念交通规划来做。阐述国际主流交通规划的定义,并对其各组成模块内容、相互关系及所参与部门所扮角色进行分析,得出国际主流交通规划模式的优点,并针对我国城市按照这一模式开展交通规划研究提出所需注意事项。对我国城市交通规划研究具有一定借鉴作用。     

新时期广州城市交通改善策略纲领刍议

国家中心城市的定位和缓解城市交通拥堵的迫切需要要求广州在新的历史时期,提出针对性强的交通改善策略纲领,建立起与国家中心城市地位相适应的城市交通环境。通过运行现状的调研,深入分析城市交通运行内在规律,本文系统地制定了交通与土地利用协调发展、交通方式统筹发展、交通管理智能发展等三个方面的改善策略。     

Social Cost Pricing when Public Transport is an Option Value

A well-known principle of welfare economics states that an efficient allocation of resources can be achieved in a competitive economy when market prices are in line with social marginal costs. When applied to the transport sector, this implies that the price of the various transport modes should be made equal to the sum of marginal production and external costs, like congestion, accidents, pollution, and road maintenance. It is sometimes argued the internalization of external costs would bring about a change in demand patterns with a shift towards public transport and cleaner modes. But public transport is already favoured by discriminatory fiscal treatment. Whereas public services are normally (heavily) subsidized, private transport is taxed in several ways and, in some countries, quite substantially so. The application of the 'optimal pricing' principle, therefore, critically depends on how the subsidization of public services is interpreted. This paper addresses the issue of optimal pricing of urban transport, using different hypotheses concerning the treatment of public services. After reviewing some traditional arguments in favour of public transport subsidization, a new approach, based on uncertainty and option values, is discussed. The implications of this approach are investigated by means of an applied model, where optimal prices for urban transport services in the city of Bologna are computed under alternative assumptions.     

常州市城市公共交通现状探究

研究常州市公共交通市场的现状,分析常州市城市公共交通存在的问题和问题产生的原因,并探讨解决城市公共交通发展的管理方法。     

The ruins of Managua vieja: the use of expressive photography in urban ethnography

This article proposes a method of conducting urban visual work – a practice-led visual study in which researcher-generated expressive photography explores the ‘city-as-archive’ (Hetherington 2013) and contributes to the urban visual archive. The photographs used in this article focus upon the social world of material remnants in the setting of the old downtown of Managua, Nicaragua. The aim of the article is four-fold: to suggest the epistemological gains of expressive photography, to discuss the methodology and style, to present the use of these images in an urban visual ethnography of Managua and to address related ethical concerns. Although expressive photographs are used to some extent by scholars, there is a noticeable lack of discussion of the method and empirical examples in urban visual studies. In this article, I propose intentionally using expressive photography to convey the subjective and affective knowledge that is generally not communicated by more conventional, ‘realist’ documentary visual techniques. Moving into a more explicit conversation of the work process, I point out three arenas for inquiry, for which this method can be useful. I detail my own visual ethnographic practice, and present my primary visual aims in three image clusters: expressive photography in conjunction with historical images, theorising the oscillation between absence and presence and visually interpreting the vernacular design of the ruinscape. The article concludes with a consideration of ‘ruin romance’ as an ethical concern, as well as some reflections over perceived difficulties in using this method as a means of doing academic research.     

对目前我国城市公共交通的几点思考

针对目前我国公共交通存在的一些亟待解决的问题，提出合理制定城市交通规划，加大对城市交通系统基础设施的投资力度，提高公共交通管理水平，逐步引进高新公交技术等建议。     

中心城市建设综合交通系统的经验、启示与对策——以伦敦、广州为例

通过分析伦敦的交通规划、建设、运营与管理措施,发现我国中心城市的严重交通拥堵主要源于落后的城市交通规划理念,大量引入多层高架公路进入市中心而忽视轨道交通建设,对公交优先存在认识上的误区和执行不力;城市公共交通工具营运各自为政,缺乏有效的协调与接驳;运营的低效率和管理不当,由此造成了典型的“大城市病”。根据后现代主义城市建设思想,结合当前中心城市公共交通体系建设的现状,提出了广州市综合交通体系建设的12项具体措施。     

探索上海城市公交可持续的扶持发展机制

介绍上海实施城市公交优先战略中所面临的问题，分析城市公交的经济特征与扶持城市公交的必要性，汲取国内外城市的成功经验，就建立上海城市公交可持续的扶持发展机制提出建议。     

Mobility in urban social events: Towards organizational transvergence

The paper explores the emergence of territories that are constituted through spontaneous assembling of self-organized communities resulting in what we term urban social events. A concrete event is employed, namely Embros, an open occupation of an abandoned public building in the center of Athens, to highlight the dynamics that make urban social events transformative urban phenomena. By focusing upon the entangled mobilities of diverse agents, we explain how through differential, dis-continual assembling and creative collaborations, such urban social interactions institute unbounded and immanent modes of organizing. The paper contributes to organizational territoriality studies proposing that urban social events are mobile entanglements that institute practices of creative transactions with formal or informal communities. By doing that, it places the Arts, creativity and community participation at the center of transformative organizing.     

上海城市公交车可持续发展对策分析

上海交通拥堵和废气污染已成为上海城市发展的阻碍,特别是世博会的来临,拥堵的交通和严重的废气污染将会影响上海城市形象的提升,因此推动智能环保节能型公交车的发展成为上海市城市可持续发展的重要环节。该文在分析上海公共交通的构成、公交车现状和公交路况对城市经济、环境、节能以及社会综合效率影响的基础上,对上海如何推动城市公交可持续发展的对策和措施进行论述。     

Conservation of Bangkok old town

Conservation of urban heritage contributes to the quality of life of people. Unfortunately, the urban heritage tends to be set aside from city development. The growing importance of locality in recent years invokes the public participation in planning and conservation processes. The paper aims to address the issue in urban conservation through the case of Bangkok old town. The site has been designated as a conservation area with the master plan and a specific advisory board for around three decades. Though a number of palaces and religious buildings have been protected, there is still a need for recognizing the local heritage and the enhancement of public participation. The issues regarding heritage identification, standard used in conservation practices and excessive tourism development in Bangkok old town would be resolved by revisiting the master plan and improving the cooperation among stakeholders. Moreover, urban heritage should be considered as a basis for urban planning and projects.     

浅谈城市轨道交通企业的市场营销管理

有形产品的市场营销理论正逐渐被引入到城市轨道交通这个服务市场。而作为轨道交通企业,必须在市场营销观念的指导下,细分客运市场,制定相应的营销组合,通过市场营销管理,最终实现企业的营销目标。     

国际大都市交通系统的对比

对4个国际大都市的交通系统作了对比,阐述了城市交通总体规划的重要性,并应确立公共交通优先的政策。