Developing Nations,the Digital Divide and Research Databases

Abstract

The digital divide affects many nations of the developing world. The term encompasses inadequate funding, a lack of necessary computer and Internet skills, and a lack of English-language proficiency that hinder expansion and use of digital information resources. Visionary individuals and organizations can assist these countries with their information needs. Aggregated full-text databases serve as a prominent tool in closing the digital divide because they provide important research resources. Participating organizations must demonstrate the value of these resources to users and supply essential training to ensure success with electronic resource initiatives.     

数字金融、数字鸿沟与多维贫困

以互联网为基础的第三次技术革命,推动了数字金融的发展,对居民经济行为的影响巨大,因而也可能具有减贫作用。本文首次利用中国数字普惠金融发展指数和中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)的匹配数据,通过克服内生性的工具变量估计,探讨了数字经济发展对家庭多维贫困的影响。然而,与预期不同,本文的初步研究发现数字金融发展提升了贫困发生的概率,也加深了多维贫困的程度,且影响逐年增大。不过,进一步研究表明,数字金融发展可能存在结构性问题:数字金融发展给能够接触到互联网的居民带来便利以及机会,挤占了未能接触到互联网的居民原先所可能获得的资源,这种数字鸿沟使得位于贫困线附近和贫困线以下的居民由于数字金融的发展而愈加贫困。观察背后机制发现,数字金融发展主要导致了面临数字劣势的贫困居民失业概率的提升。因此,在推进数字金融发展的同时,应着力提高金融服务的覆盖率和可得性,尤其对于农村的贫困人口而言,积极应对数字经济对就业市场的挑战,引导其成为脱贫攻坚的重要支撑。     

Toolkits for Equity: An Antiracist Framework for Scholarly Publishing

Abstract

Fueled by a recent groundswell of support, scholarly publishing organizations are formalizing their focus on equity and inclusion, yet there is still a lack of effective programs and solutions actually in place. A cross-organizational working group is developing antiracism toolkits (for organizations, for allies, and for Black, Indigenous, and People of Color) to transform scholarly publishing workplaces and organizational cultures. The resources, which will be hosted at c4disc.org, provide a common framework for analysis, a shared vocabulary, best practices, and training materials to guide individuals and organizations as they address systemic inequities specific to the scholarly publishing community. Originally planned as a presentation at the NC Serials Conference in March 2020, this article introduces the toolkits and explains why an antiracist framework is essential to transforming scholarly publishing.     

From Binding to Digitization: Issues in Newspaper Preservation in Nigerian Academic Libraries

This article examines the importance of newspapers to research, education, and economic development for Nigeria and advocates the need to preserve newspapers. The authors discuss critical preservation issues related to newspapers and emphasize the urgent need to address their deteriorating state in Nigerian academic libraries. The article also examines the binding preservation method practiced among academic libraries and observes that the method is not adequate. It recommends that academic libraries in Nigeria should adopt the digitization model for newspaper preservation. The article identifies the digital divide, poor technological infrastructure, inadequate funding, lack of expertise, and copyright prohibitions as challenges of digitization and makes recommendations.     

基于最新统计分类标准的数字经济发展水平测度

随着信息技术的发展,数字经济已经成为经济增长的"新引擎"。但由于缺乏权威的产业统计分类标准,学者们一直面临"数字经济研究缺乏数字依据"的尴尬境地。文章基于国家统计局公布并实施的《数字经济及其核心产业统计分类(2021)》中的分类标准,对各省份统计年鉴的数据进行重新整理,利用熵权法构建数字经济发展指数,测度了我国30个省份的数字经济发展水平,分析了各省份数字经济发展的差异以及时空特征。研究发现,2009—2019年我国数字经济产业发展迅猛,各项子产业都取得了长足的进步。相比较而言,数字要素驱动业发展速度略低于其他三个子产业;数字经济发展存在着明显的区域不平衡。东中部地区的数字经济发展状况明显优于西部地区,南方优于北方,而且区域不平衡有持续扩大趋势。     

中国各省（市、区）间数字鸿沟现状宏观分析——以第10～19次CNNIC统计报告为基础

CNNIC统计报告可用于从宏观层面分析地区间的数字鸿沟问题。以第10～19次CNNIC统计报告中的网民比重、域名数量、网站数量、IPv4地址等四类数据为基础，按照分布情况进行了分省排名对比分析，以揭示中国各省（市、区）间的数字鸿沟问题。同时对数字鸿沟问题的解决前景进行了展望，认为该问题的解决应发挥政府的主导作用，而企业的参与也必不可少。     

Developing a Freely Accessible/Open Access Resource Management Policy at Duke University Libraries: A Case Study

Abstract

Freely accessible and open access resources present unique challenges for librarians working with electronic resources. Due to the fact that many of these resources lack high-quality metadata or the technical support provided by traditional publishers, making them discoverable and maintaining access over time can be tricky. Creating a policy allows for a systematic approach to the management of freely accessible/open access (OA) resources, alleviating problems surrounding lack of staff time or expertise. Many of these resources are already important parts of collections and will only continue to grow in importance. Freely accessible/OA resources allow for a more diverse representation of content, both by subject and format type, and allow a wider array of authors to have their work appear in library collections. This case study will provide a review of freely accessible/OA policies in other libraries, describe why these resources are important to add to our collections, discuss challenges libraries face with managing these resources, and explain how Duke University Libraries is addressing some of these challenges through the development of a policy.     

单位名录库地理信息建立途径与“互联网+”维护管理的探讨

“互联网+”模式下,基于地理信息的统计数据开发利用对提高政府统计能力带来的影响不可忽视。结合美国MAF/TIGER系统建立的实践经验,通过分析名录库单位地址与电子地图中建筑物的匹配关系,我们提出利用经济普查获取的单位位置坐标,通过五年一次的全面更新为名录库建立地理识别信息,探讨未来在非普查年份如何获取位置坐标用于单位名录库地理信息的维护管理,重点讨论了通过互联网资源采集信息点（POI）数据和反向地址编译获取位置坐标的技术手段。统计系统基本单位名录地理信息的建立与开发将进一步拓展我国基本单位名录库的应用领域。     

No Satisfaction? But We Try,and We Try,and We Try!

ABSTRACT

When Old Dominion University Libraries conducted the LibQUAL+ survey in 2015, results indicated a lack of satisfaction in effectively discovering and using our electronic resources. This article is based on a presentation from the 2017 North Carolina Serials Conference describing how Old Dominion University Libraries used data from the LibQUAL+ survey results to help our users connect more effectively with information resources, resulting in an improved user experience and an increased level of satisfaction.     

Cross-Consortial Collaboration: Expanding Capacity for Law Libraries

ABSTRACT

In our digital information era, libraries have increasingly joined forces to act cooperatively through library consortia. Through membership in a consortium, a library can capitalize on programs like advocacy, joint purchasing, e-resource licensing, shared discovery platforms, etc. Resources saved through such efforts, including staff time and money, can then be deployed back into the library for other, mission-critical activities. Following the economic collapse of 2008, libraries needed more than ever to maximize exceedingly scarce budgets. In response, consortia began to push the envelope, exploring even deeper collaborations in an effort to minimize redundancies and maximize efficiencies. This article will look at some examples of cross-consortial collaboration and focus specifically on the ongoing efforts among the Legal Information Preservation Alliance (LIPA), the Mid-America Law Library Consortium (MALLCO), and the NELLCO Law Library Consortium (NELLCO) to achieve more robust cooperation across the three organizations. The authors are the three executive directors of the named organizations.     

Electronic Journals: Cataloging and Management Practices in Academic Libraries

The growth and availability of electronic journals offer libraries the opportunity to provide end users with quick and easy access to more journals than ever before, thereby creating a complex new workload in academic libraries. Libraries have addressed the evolving challenges unique to electronic resources by creating new policies and workflows and dedicating staff to work on the processes, despite the lack of best practices. In the fall of 2009, a survey was distributed to ninety-five libraries at peer institutions to gather information about their policies and practices for cataloging and managing electronic journals in order to gauge the current status of electronic journal management among these peer institutions. This paper reports on the survey findings related to cataloging approach, sources for bibliographic records, methods for identifying problems, and the staff and staff hours dedicated to electronic journals.     

Digital Accessibility as a Core Competency for E-Resources Librarians

Abstract

This article will outline the electronic resources life cycle and identify key elements involved in e-resource management that exhibit potential for growth in terms of accessibility remediation. The aim of the article is to convey an understanding of the importance of digital accessibility to electronic resources librarians and the role they may play in making digital collections more available to users with impairments.     

Preserving Electronic Scholarship for the Future: An Overview of LOCKSS,CLOCKSS, Portico,CHORUS, and the Keepers Registry

Electronic resources are becoming the backbone of many library collections. Electronic journals in particular have become the default format for most periodical literature in all fields of scholarship. The mission of librarians, the publishing industry, and nonprofit organizations is to ensure that electronic scholarship remains accessible to future generations in an affordable and sustainable manner. The focus for the first edition of “In Layman's Terms” is on LOCKSS, CLOCKSS, CHORUS, Portico, and the Keepers Registry, five initiatives dedicated to the preservation and to the perpetual access of electronic scholarship. It includes a brief history of each initiative. It looks at their missions and their different roles in preserving and providing access to electronic resources and the benefits and costs in joining them and being involved with them. It identifies the relationships among these initiatives.     

Transfer Code of Practice Version 3.0 Available for Use with Compliant Publisher List and Notification Service

ABSTRACT

Author identity is a challenging problem for automation systems working with bibliographic resources. ORCID author identifiers are perceived as a simple and effective way to address this problem, but in order to accomplish this, ORCID identifiers need widespread adoption by researchers, organizations, and bibliographic automation systems. This column, the second of two, surveys how some libraries, publishers, and other research organizations are using ORCID identifiers to address the problem of author identity across different systems and workflows.     

信息化：新农村建设之路

摘　　要:社会主义新农村建设是科学发展观的本质要求。本文以2006年中共中央一号文件和科学发展观为指导,研究农村信息化建设与发展问题。本文认为,信息鸿沟是我国城乡差距逐步拉大的重要原因;农村信息化是落实科学发展观,统筹城乡经济社会发展和建设社会主义新农村之路。     

数字鸿沟与中国经济增长

通过实证研究发现：随着信息分化水平的演进,中国和世界平均水平的数字鸿沟开始出现缩小的趋势;数字鸿沟的变化趋势与中国经济增长的关系呈现出一种倒＂U＂形。然后,分析数字鸿沟变化受到对外贸易水平、金融发展水平、信息产业薪酬、信息知识普及率等因素影响的程度。实证研究的结果表明,针对数字鸿沟,要采用多方面的配套政策。     

国际上非基准年购买力平价推算方法评价

 全球国际比较项目大约每隔5年或6年调查一次，有关国际组织应用总量外推法、分类项目外推法、基期滚动法和简缩信息法等方法推算非基准年的PPP数据，以便取得完整的连续时间序列。本文对国际上常用的各种非基准年PPP推算方法和结果作详细分析、评价。     

SNA视角下我国数字经济生产核算问题研究

我国尚未建立起数字经济生产核算体系,缺乏数字经济增加值等官方统计数据,不利于全面反映数字经济发展状况及制定相应政策。本文基于SNA 视角探究了我国数字经济生产核算相关问题,研究发现:数字经济发展离不开数字技术及其应用,不同阶段其内涵表现不同,相应生产核算范围既是对现有SNA 的延续,又具有一定的发展和突破;从核算目的、核算主体、核算客体和核算方法等要素看数字经济生产核算,既应与传统SNA 生产核算保持协调和遵循,又分别表现出其特殊之处;我国应分阶段推进数字经济生产核算实践,新生型数字经济可借助“三新”统计工作实施,融合型数字经济需借鉴R&D 核算制定专门的核算和调查制度。本文能够为我国统计部门开展数字经济生产核算工作和认知数字经济提供一定借鉴和参考。     

极小信息量下分层抽样的样本分配党的一个案例

一、问题的提出分层抽样中样本量在各层中如何分配,这是抽样设计中的一个重要问题。计算各层的样本量需要一些辅助信息,如各层中目标变量的方差。在抽样调查的实践中,特别是一次性的抽样调查中,上述所需的辅助信息常常不具备,因此,我们面临着在信息量最小的条件下如何在各层中分配样本量的问题。本文产生于作者在美国ＮＯＲＣ(ＮａｔｉｏｎａｌＯｐｉｎｉｏｎＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＣｅｎｔｅｒ)进行研究期间所做的调查设计中的一个实例,这里对其进行了归纳,加工,提炼与分析,希望能够就极小信息量条件下如何在分层抽样中进行样本量的分配这一问题…