《中国地下经济问题研究》(英文)

Theundergroundeconomy,whichhasspreadrapidlyworldwide,hasattractedagreatdealofattention.SinceChinainitiateditspolicyofreformandopeningtotheoutsideworld,thenationaleconomyhasprospered.However,anundergroundeconomyhasalsoappearedinavarietyofforms,suchasspeculation,profiteering,taxevasion,smugglinganddrugtrafficking,themanufactureandsaleoffakeandshoddygoods,propertyrightinfringements,usury,unlicensedbusinesses,prostitution,andpornography.Thesehaveaverynegativeinfluence.Toensurethehealthydevelopmen…     

见一面,少一面

逝者的名字,也许,还有生者的螺旋轨迹,签名,日期,时间,年份,月相,风,潮汐,太阳耀斑,树叶,蛇鱗,蜈蚣千足,山脊,古迹,盛宴后的残羹冷炙,残渣,残渣!这就是我的领域,我的牢狱,我出不来;但是我喜欢数沙子,给每一粒沙子起名字,这是我存在的唯一理由。     

An International Symposium on Christianity and Modernization Held in Beijing 10-14 October 1994

AnInternationalSymposiumonChristianityandModernizationcosponsoredbytheInstituteofWorldReligionsoftheChineseAcademyofSocialSciencesandtheAmityFoundation,anindependentChinesevoluntaryorganizationcreatedin1985ontheinitiativeofChineseProtestantChristians,washeldintheMediaCenter,Beijingfrom10to14October1994.Approximately50scholarsbothChristianandnon-ChristianfromChinaandHongKong,SouthKorea,thePhillipines,Singapore,Britain,Germany,theNetherlands,Canada,theUnitedStatesofAmericaandBrazil…     

The Tortuous Path to Modernization for Chinese Theater─A Retrospective Review of the 20th Century Development of Chinese Theater

TheprocessofmodernizationinChinesetheaterbeganattheturnofthiscentury,andthroughoutthecenturytherehasbeenageneraltrendtowardspluralismanddiversityininternationaltheater.Againsttheback-dropofsuchaninternationaltrend,whatpositivechangeshavetakenplaceinChinesetheater,or,tophrasethequestionanotherway,whatkindofradicalchanges,namelythoseinvolvingculturaltransformation,haveoccurredintraditionalChinesedrama,andwhatwerethefactorsmotivatingsuchchanges?Havingponderedoverthesequestions,Ihavecometorealize…     

On the Notion of Practice

I.TheNotionofPracticeandContemporarySocialPracticeThenotionofpractice,establishedbythesubjectofpracticebeforetheactualactivitiesofpracticeevolve,isaconceptualmodel,optimalblueprintandoperationalplan,andmorespecificallyapriorconceptualreflectionoftheaim,object,condition,method,means,steps,approach,measure,processandoutcomeconcerningactivitiesofpracticeinthefutureorinprogress.Inotherwords,itistheintentionalconsciousnesswhichdirectlyguidesandcommandspracticalactivities.Thenotionofpracticesignif…     

New Characteristics of Marriages between Zhejiang Farmers and Women from Outside the Province

Overthepasttenyears,moreandmorefarmersinChina'sruralareashavemarriedwomenfromotherprovincesandcities,andinsomeareasthispracticeisveryprevalent.Bytheendof1990,morethanahundredthousandwomenfromotherprovinceshadmarriedZhejiangfarmers,accountingforalmost1%oftheresidentfemalepopulationofZhejiang.Thesewomencamefromapproximatelytwentyprovinces,inc1udingYunnan,Sichuan,Guizhou,Guangxi,Hunan,Anhui,Heilongiiang,andGansu.InadditiontothoseofHannationality,theybelongedtomorethentenothernationalities,in…     

The May Fourth Spirit:Re-evaluate or Reiterate?─Comments on a Seminar on the May Fourth Spirit and Traditional Culture

Inrecentyears,underthebannerof"de-ideologization,"ahistoricalcriticismoftheolddemocraticrevolution,thenewdemocraticrevolution,andrevolutioningeneral,hassunginharmonywithculturalconservatisminChinaandabroad.Providingfertilegroundforthisculturalconservatism,variousdifficultiesandspiritualperplexitiesinreallifearecleverlybeingusedasevidencethatrevolutionandMarxism,whichspreadtoChinaaftertheMayFourthMovement,arewrong.Againstsuchabackground,theChineseAssociationofContemporaryCulture,theChineseL…     

《清代社会的贱民等级》(英文)

SocialOutcastsintheQingdynasty,oneoftheworksintheseriesChineseSocialHistory,isofgreatvaluetostudentsofhistory,sociology,politics,andlaw.Outcasts,definedasthoseofaverylowsocialstatusandnoindependentstanding,wereacommonphenomenoninfeudalstates,andhadexistedinChinasinceearlytimes.However,itwasonlyintheMingdynastythatpeoplebegantobeclassifiedasoutcastsunderthelaw.Aclearerandmoredetaileddefinitionofoutcasts,whichincludeddomesticservants,beggars,"fishermenwithninesurnames"(jiuxtwyuhu),boatdweller…     

Linguistic Hypotheses Concerning Natural Language Understanding

Thestudyofnaturallanguageunderstandinginvolvesanumberofdisciplinesincludingcomputerscience,neurophysiology,psychology,andlinguistics-Thisarticleintendstoexplore,fromalinguisticperspective,thediffcultiesfacedbythecomputerinnaturallanguageunderstandingandpossibleresolutionsofthese.Ⅰ.StruoturalElementsofLanguageUnderstandingTounderstandalanguage,itisnecessarytofirstunderstanditsstructurale1ementsincludingwordclasses,wordorder,hierarchicalstructure,grammaticalrelations,andsemanticrelations.Inac…     

“无妻会 宣言”舆壶公驳论

世界之大,无奇不有。30年代汉口有一位樊会计师,因得不到美满幸福家庭,竟异想天开发起组织一个“无妻会”,闻讯响应,先后加入的人,居然不在少数。 查这“无妻会”的宣言,很有几句痛快淋漓的话,似有当年骆宾王讨武氏檄文之味。宣言道:“妇女之上焉者,狃于新潮,庞然自大,骄奢淫佚,无法无天,金尽情尽,朝结夕离。下焉者不识不知,专事依赖,结婚数载,膝下累累,终岁辛苦艰难,犹虞冻馁,忧于室家,多屈枉死,是洞房花烛之夕,即宣布死刑之初。普通妇女心性,每多乖戾恣睢,尚虚荣,耽安乐,局量褊浅,猜忌性成,自私自利,绝少真实永久感情,男性与之接近,结果必趋失败,故宣尼有难养之叹,庄子有鼓盆之歌,西谚谓男女一入情网,即失其自由之神;