城市白领大龄青年未婚的社会原因

个人的婚恋心理和行为具有很强的社会规定性。当前数量众多的城市白领青年大龄未婚的现象具有深刻的社会结构性原因：为了追求事业的成功，他们较长时间地求学、频繁的社会流动以及繁忙的工作，推迟和挤占了他们的婚恋时间；个人内化的社会择偶标准缩小了他们的择偶范围；社会婚恋道德环境的日渐滑坡让他们在婚恋选择中过于谨慎甚至心存畏惧．     

农村大龄未婚青年婚配困境研究

农村大龄青年婚配困境是农村婚姻变迁中的突出现象。农村婚姻变迁不仅体现在传统通婚圈向婚姻市场的外在转变,婚配方式、婚姻行为乃至婚姻观念都在发生快速而根本的转变。在男女性别比失调这一人口结构背景下,农村婚姻市场通过个体化的婚姻选择、婚姻竞争的物质转化、婚姻达成的家庭支持、婚姻市场结构失衡与社会排斥等运作机制,在结构与行动两方面形塑了农村大龄未婚青年的婚配困境。农村大龄未婚青年群体有进一步扩大的趋势,其婚配困境影响大龄未婚青年本体性价值和社会价值的实现,对农民家庭再生产有序进行以及社会稳定都造成不利影响,应当给予更多关注。     

从“越南新娘”现象看大龄青年婚姻现状

由于中越两国经济发展水平和人口性别比例的差异,许多越南女青年渴望嫁入中国,而中国大量适婚男青年面临婚配难的问题,于是"越南新娘"在国内婚介市场中非法占据了一席之地,并导致了骗婚、逃婚、人口贩卖等一系列社会乱象。"越南新娘"现象与国内大龄青年问题密不可分,只有认真分析两者之间的联系,从改变结婚的不良风气入手,切实解决大龄青年问题,才能有效地治理"越南新娘"现象。     

送给未婚的朋友们

单身,有时不一定是贵族,单身也许会比较自由,但自由也有一个同义词,叫作寂寞,因为人不是什么时候都喜欢一个人独处的,有时好东西需要人分享,有时候难过需要人安慰。单身贵族产生的原因,是因为经济上的独立、人格上的独立以及感情上的独立。独立是什么？独立是需要而不是依赖,一个独立的人需要异性,而不依赖异性。     

中国女性青少年未婚怀孕的研究综述

改革开放以来,中国人关于爱、性、婚姻的态度越来越开放及多元。在社会急剧转型的过程中,青少年在性与生殖方面承受着巨大的风险。作为一个社会问题,女性青少年未婚怀孕在近年来引起了学界的关注。对2000—2014年研究女性青少年未婚怀孕的现状、成因、干预三个方面成果进行分析,以期为未来的研究及服务提供参考。     

河北省农村老年人生活质量状况与影响因素分析

在调查研究基础上分析了河北省农村老年人的生活质量状况及其影响因素。结果表明,河北省农村老年人的生活质量总体较好,婚姻状况、文化程度、职业和社会支持是影响农村老年人生活质量的主要因素。     

河北省贫困地区大学生村官的作用分析

随着我国改革开放的深入发展,农村如何建设、农民如何脱贫依然是我们所面临的问题中的重中之重。大学生村官计划,是推进社会主义新农村建设的重要举措。本文着眼于河北省贫困农村,分析了大学生村官对解决贫困问题起到的作用和预期的困难,并对大学生村官怎样帮助农村脱贫、农民致富提出合理化的建议。     

浅谈影响现阶段农村义务教育发展的因素

随着社会的进步,经济的发展,出现了很多影响现阶段农村义务教育发展的因素,其中主要包括教育资源的流失、教育资本的投入、留守儿童及家庭教育的关系等.     

精准扶贫背景下贫困地区农村养老问题研究

中国已进入老龄化社会,人口老龄化问题引发了一系列社会问题,贫困农村地区的养老问题更加特殊和复杂。在精确扶贫政策背景下,贫困农村地区的养老问题直接影响到精准扶贫的效果。当前,我国农村贫困地区老年人在经济生活、生活保健和心理健康方面仍存在一些问题,有必要建立以家庭养老和多种养老方式为基础的制度,关注农村贫困地区老年人的心理状况,在精准扶贫的政策背景下实现"精准助老"。     

未婚青年可否患上“阳痿”?

编辑同志:我今年21岁,在一家公司打工,尚未成家。我平素身体很好,可是近来发现阴茎勃起不坚,为此很担心会不会是得了阳痿?我还没有过两性生活,会影响我今后的夫妻生活吗?南宁市:夏风     

The Influence of Social Supports on Employment for Hispanic, Black, and White Unmarried Mothers

This study considers the relationship between social supports and employment and how this relationship may differ for Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, and non-Hispanic White unmarried mothers with young children. Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, this article examines how various perceived and received social supports influence later employment outcomes. Multinomial regression analyses indicate that family, individual, and family background supports promoted employment while community supports were associated with lower employment levels. Race-specific analyses indicate that supports were related to employment to a much greater extent for Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks than for non-Hispanic Whites. Results suggest that unmarried mothers’ unique needs and supports must be taken into account to accommodate employment.

Childhood Sexual Abuse Profiles and Psychological Functioning in Adult Males

ABSTRACT

This study used a person-centered approach to generate profiles of males’ sexual abuse characteristics and then link profiles to other types of childhood maltreatment and adversity, and adult outcomes. Data were drawn from 215 North American males (86% Caucasian) aged 17–61 years recruited from websites offering support for sexual abuse. Latent profile analysis identified three profiles, ranging from 1–2 instances of fondling by an unfamiliar extrafamilial perpetrator to chronic, penetrative abuse by individuals within and outside the family. Profiles were labeled Severe (26%), More Severe (33%), and Most Severe (41%). Chi-squares and analysis of variance showed that men in the Most Severe profile were more likely to experience childhood emotional and physical abuse, and a greater number of non-victimization adversities, than men in the other two profiles. After controlling for multiple victimization and adversity, men in the More Severe and Most Severe profiles reported significantly greater internalizing problems than men in the Severe profile, and men in the Most Severe profile reported significantly more trauma symptoms than men in the Severe profile. While these results require replication, they suggest that treatment should be tailored to the individual needs of male survivors.     

Rural residential properties in China: Land use patterns, efficiency and prospects for reform

Rural residential land represents one of the most important land use types in China. However, the literature so far has paid insufficient attention to the patterns and efficiencies of this type of land use. To fill in this gap, this paper uses a national survey to analyze the institutional setups for rural residential land use, to assess the effectiveness of existing regulations, and to evaluate the efficiencies in rural residential land use. Farmers’ subjective receptiveness toward rural residential property regulation reform is also investigated. We find that rural residential properties are inefficiently utilized under the existing land use regulations, that those who are younger and who had previous migration experiences are more likely to support the free trading of rural residential properties while the village cadres are more likely to oppose it. A coordinated policy reform package that includes free trading of rural residential properties and Household Registration System to facilitate permanent migration out of the countryside is proposed to address the existing efficiencies in China’s rural residential land use.     

Rural Homeless Shelters: A Comparative Analysis

Although there has been some increased attention to the issue of homelessness and homeless shelter services, little effort has been made to understand the operation of rural homeless shelters. This situation persists despite decades of effort showing that the rural environment provides a very different context for the delivery of services than an urban environment. This study hypothesized that contextual differences in rural environments would produce various strategies of service delivery among homeless shelters. A typology of rural environments was created. Homeless shelters within each of four cells of the typology were selected. Comparative case study analysis provided partial support for the hypothesis.     

农村孤儿的脆弱性分析与政策建议

农村孤儿在亲属网络养护模式下面临着诸多风险：养护结构不稳定,负担能力弱;社会变迁带来巨大冲击与挑战：心理创伤容易造成生活适应的困扰;发展性需求难以得到有效满足。研究发现,农村孤儿脆弱性的决定因子包括：家庭的抚养能力、亲属网络规模与资源、社会援助、同辈支持、自立人格与积极思维、国家福利等。农村孤儿的不利处境及其脆弱性揭示出国家在农村孤儿福利方面需要发挥更多的作用。并为抚养家庭提供更多的支持,以应对经济社会变迁对传统养育模式带来的冲击。     

农村家庭养老中的孝文化缺失解析

孝文化是维系农村家庭养老的重要因素。由于社会变迁、农民价值观多元化和家庭结构变化等原因,致使现今农村孝文化缺失,家庭养老功能日趋弱化。加强青少年孝文化教育与法制建设,发挥政府的主导作用和社会舆论的导向作用,大力弘扬传统孝文化,赋予孝文化时代新内涵,积极倡导孝亲敬老之美德,对有效解决日益突出的农村家庭养老问题具有深远的现实意义。     

农村女儿养老支持力研究

养老是一项关系国计民生的重要工程,关系到整个社会的和谐与稳定。基于豫东A村的调查发现,随着农村大量男性青壮年向城市大规模的流动和女性自主意识的提高,农村儿子养老力量有所弱化,女儿养老的能力和养老意愿不断增强。女儿对父母的经济支持、生活照料、精神支持等方面的支持力作用愈发显著,女儿在家庭养老方面的重要性愈发显现,在农村老人晚年生活保障方面起着非常重要的作用。     

Conflicts and contestations. Rural populations’ perspectives on the second homes phenomenon

In response to demands to restructure and diversify their economies, many rural communities have welcomed the expanding phenomenon of second homes. However, while the second home owners bring new resources to the host communities, the literature also suggests that large second home populations in rural communities provide fertile ground for a number of economic, social and cultural conflicts and contestations. The present paper analyses the views of the local rural populations on the second home phenomenon, with particular attention to variation in these views, both within and between the rural communities (municipalities). The analysis uses material from the survey City, countryside, second homes 2008, which was conducted among a large-scale and representative sample of the population in Norwegian rural second home municipalities. The first section of the paper addresses the rural populations’ stance towards the second home phenomenon, both in general and as it unfolds in their own vicinity. Results show generally positive views on second home development; however, the analysis identifies a substantial minority which is negative to the second home expansion. Nevertheless, the second section shows that even those rurals who are negative towards further developments of second homes largely report harmonious social relationships with the second home population that is already present. Third, the paper presents and discusses a multivariate logistic regression model to analyse how different segments of the rural population vary in their views on second home phenomena. Here, results suggest differences at both micro and macro levels: the local rural elites, in particular those with direct economic interests in the second home sector, are most positive towards further development. On the municipality level, resistance towards second homes is stronger in municipalities with a high density of second homes. Nevertheless, a high growth rate in the number of second homes, due to high investments, seems to increase local support.     

Rural population density: its impact on social and demographic aspects of rural communities

Using the settled areas of South Australia as a case study, this paper seeks to demonstrate the specific importance of rural population and settlement density as an important variable in understanding the social, population and settlement geography of sparsely settled rural regions, where sparse and falling density presents both practical and conceptual problems for rural planners. After a review of the literature on population density, the case is argued for the use of net rural rather than gross density in the analysis of settlement patterns. The paper then tests a series of hypotheses on the empirical relationship between rural density as independent variable and selected demographic and socio-economic indicators as dependent variables, at two specific points in time. For the same region, points in time and set of indicators, it goes on to compare the predictive power of rural density as an independent variable with that of three other important qualities of rural settlement patterns (remoteness, settlement size and urban concentration). Rural density is found to be a significant explanatory variable, both in its own right and in comparison with the three other variables tested. In conclusion, the findings are related to policy development measures for rural Australia.     

Family Structure and Quality of Life of Elders in Rural China: The Role of the New Rural Social Pension

Using data from a survey in Ankang district of Shaanxi province of China in 2011, this article examines the protective effect of the New Rural Social Pension (NRSP) on quality of life of rural elders, as well the moderating effect on association between family structure and quality of life. An instrumental variable approach is used. NRSP is shown to significantly improve the quality of life of rural elders, and a robustness check shows that this effect is consistent across different sets of subgroups. Compared with the elders who have at least one son, the quality of life of those who are childless or have only one child is significantly lower. The NRSP is more likely to significantly improve the quality of life of one-child elders. In addition, the associations between the NRSP and the different facets of quality of life of the elders are significant except for the facet of sensory abilities.