博弈·平衡·控制——中国传统法和谐价值解读

对于中国传统法的和谐价值的认识,可以将博弈、平衡、控制三个层面作为解读新法。博弈是传统法所面对的各种矛盾与冲突,这是传统法具有和谐价值的成因;平衡是传统法在博弈中解决矛盾与冲突的手段,这是传统法和谐价值的实际样态;控制是传统法所追求的目标价值,是经过博弈、平衡后的一种政治期许的实际效果。立足当今和谐社会与法治建设,以扬弃的态度解读传统法,这是传统法和谐价值的现代意义所在。     

Comparative Gerontolinguistics: Characterizing Discourses in Caring Institutions in South Africa and the United Kingdom

This article compares and contrasts the interactions between caregivers and care–recipients in two nursing homes in the United Kingdom and South Africa. It is argued that the discourse of caring in the two settings is similar in terms of how residents and nurses use interactional strategies to negotiate role relationships. It is also argued that it is the context of the "total" institution that gives rise to these strategies. Differences in the two settings are most noticeable in compliance–gaining situations. The "power struggle" between nurses and residents is much more overt in the South African data where it is reflected and constructed in racist discourse.     

On the Inefficiency of Bang-Bang and Stop-Loss Portfolio Strategies

We show in this article that bang-bang portfolio strategies where the investor is alternatively 100% in equity and 100% in cash are dynamically inefficient. Our proof of this result is based on a simple second-order stochastic dominance (SSD) argument. It implies that this is true for any decision criterion that satisfies SSD, not necessarily expected utility. We also examine the stop-loss strategy in which the investor is 100 percent in equity as long as the value of the portfolio exceeds a lower limit where the investor switches to 100 percent in cash. Again, we show that this strategy is inefficient under second-order risk aversion. However, a slight modification of it–in which all wealth exceeding a minimum reserve is invested in equity–is shown to be an efficient dynamic portfolio strategy. This strategy is optimal for investors with a nondifferentiable utility function.     

The impossibility of a paretian loyalist

Amartya Sen has argued the impossibility of the Paretian liberal. While his abstract argument is compelling, the concrete significance of the conclusion is in some doubt. This is because it is not clear how important liberalism in his sense is; in particular it is not clear that the sort of liberalism required for the impossibility result is a compelling variety. We show that even if the argument cannot be used to establish the inconsistency of Paretianism and common-or-garden liberalism, it can be adapted to prove a parallel impossibility. This is the impossibility of combining the Pareto criterion with a loyalty constraint involving certain claim-rights rather than liberty-rights. The impossibility of the Paretian loyalist is of interest in itself but it is also interesting for the light it throws on the source of Sen-style impossibilities.     

论我国戒毒模式中社会工作者的角色

本文主要分析了社会工作者在我国目前的几种戒毒模式中可以扮演的角色和实现途径。社会工作者在自愿戒毒模式中的角色是服务提供者和倡导者，在强制戒毒模式中的角色是协调者，在劳教戒毒模式中的角色是咨询者和组织者，在TC戒毒模式中的角色和功能是支持者。     

哲学内容与形式关系的可译性与不可译性研究

可译性与不可译性问题是翻译理论和实践中经常遇到的问题,对这个问题的多角度研究有助于我们看到这个问题的本质。马克思主义哲学中内容和形式的关系能准确地说明语言翻译的可译性与不可译性问题。内容与形式是任何事物都具有的两个方面,语言自然也不例外,也必然有内容和形式的关系。语言的内容就是该语言所要表达的思想、信息,而形式则是表达这种思想的语音、文字符号及语法体系。内容和形式之间存在着对立统一关系。内容与形式的对立使内容和形式成为两个可以分开的层面,从而使一种语言表达的思想、信息与表达此种思想、信息的语音、文字符号及语法体系分开,使语言之间的翻译有了基础,一种内容有多种形式的表达,进一步说明了语言之间的翻译是可行的;内容与形式之间又是统一的,使内容与形式又难以分开,从而产生不可译现象,内容对形式的决定作用进一步说明了语言之间的翻译还存在着不可译现象。在翻译中,可译的是内容,内容的不可译是暂时的、相对的;不可译的是形式,形式的不可译是永恒的、绝对的。     

The Techno-Thriller--Here and Now

The scholars who teach in universities and other higher schools are always concerned for the future: that is a function of their profession. To a considerable degree, their work is for the future. This is all the more true in our day, when the already major role of institutions of higher learning in the advancement of science, technology, production, and culture is rising at amazingly rapid rates. One of the most critical periods in the life of an educational institution occurs when it accepts people for admission. The quality of the specialists it trains is largely dependent upon the abilities of the new students it admits. The scholarly value of a lecture or seminar is determined, after all, not only by who is on the rostrum, but by who is in the audience.     

民族与伦理实体

人类世界由诸多民族构成。民族与文化间的联系是深刻而密切的,而决定民族文化发展方向的是居于核心地位的伦理文化,可见伦理对于一个民族所具有的不言而喻的重要性。作为伦理钍的共体的民族与作为普遍物或普遍定在的精神的结合就是民族精神。民族精神是伦理精神的具体化,伦理精神内在于民族精神之中。伦理精神和民族精神实质上是一个精神,即民族作为伦理实体的精神。民族伦理实体一经形成,其内在的伦理关系与伦理秩序便处于相对稳定的动态平衡之中,并以“整个的个体”即主体的形式出现在由诸多民族伦理实体所构成的伦理世界之中。在全球化语境下,要增强作为伦理实体的中华民族的伦理认同,以提高中华民族的自觉、自信、自强及在世界文明对话中的地位,并为构建和谐世界、推动人类社会整体进步做出积极贡献。     

小组工作在改善大学新生个人评价中的作用研究

小组工作是社会工作的主要方法之一。以内蒙古工业大学的30名学生作为研究对象,其中15名作为控制组,对另外15名进行提高个人评价的为期6次的小组工作,使用个人评价量表得分作为衡量变化的标准。对比实验组和控制组得分,结果显示小组工作在改善大学新生的个人评价方面有积极的作用。     

Themes and Continuities in Radical and Traditional Social Work

Summary Traditional and radical social work are amongst the principalcombatants in the paradigm-crisis that is alleged to characterisecontemporary social work. In considering the way in which thesetwo theoretical stances approach one of social work's centralproblems—the relationships between the person and society—itis argued that what is revealed is as much overlap as disagreement.This is in part through the subdued radicalism of a traditionalapproach which struggles to comprehend the effects of societyon clients' lives, and in part because radicalism is incorporatedinto prevailing ways of thinking through having to answer thesame questions as social work orthodoxy. It is because of thisthat Marxist social work is shown to be inevitably compromised,though this is not to deny the important contribution of radicalismin providing more satisfactory answers to crucial social workproblems.     

The Individual's Health Is the Health of Society

Recently, a fact characterizing a fundamentally new phenomenon for Russia—net depopulation—has been repeated again and again in the mass media (and not only in the mass media). In the last quarter of the past year, our mortality rate was 11.3 per thousand, and the birth rate was only 11.2, i.e., there was a "negative growth." The phenomenon is serious enough in itself and has many aspects, from demographic to economic. It is natural that it should attract attention. However, the inclination to link it directly only with actions of the moment (or with the lack of action), to explain it by the liberalization of prices, etc., is annoying. The problem is much more long-term and complicated. The issue is not so much that the birth rate is declining (this is a worldwide tendency, and the birth rate in Russia is still much higher than in most European countries) as that the mortality rate is rising (this contradicts the same trends, forewarning us of trouble). The ultimate question is one of the stability of this negative process, of the potential, the reserve of health present in society as a whole and in each individual.     

论道德自律

道德自律是道德哲学中最重要的问题 ,也是道德教育的核心问题。它是立律、施律、恒律三个环节的统一体。立律是自律的前提和基础 ;施律是自律得以实现的起点和过程 ;恒律是自律进入完全自觉的阶段。     

石景山制铁所相关数据考

本文通过考证,修正日本侵略者统治石景山制铁所时的三项重要数据。这些数据曾长期被广泛使用,具体为1944年3月发生31812起事故,是由于读错了文献,将当月所有员工的事假统计当作事故来理解;日本统治下的石景山制铁所占石景山地区的土地面积应该是1676228平方米(1.676228平方公里),为有关出版物所述的35000亩(23.331平方公里)的7.18%;石景山制铁所员工最多时是1944年10月,为2.4万人,不是有关出版物所述的5.9万人。     

论无体物权与知识产权的关系

网络环境产生的虚拟物是一种全新的民事法律关系客体,是一种全新的物,是无体物的一种。他同知识产权客体都属于无形财产但却存在着根本的区别。传统物权法准确说应该是有体物权法,基于虚拟物产生的是无体物权,这就革命性地产生了无体物权法。虚拟物的法律调整标志着物权法新时代的到来。     

中国传统书法的人文本质

面对空前的书法热所形成的书法界鱼龙混杂局面,避免让社会各界对书法圈的眼花缭乱,有必要使欣赏者透过中国传统书法的人文本质来对书法家的界定。综合中国书法史上列传人物的事迹,洞察当今书法家标准,具有崇高的人格魅力、丰厚的文化素养和精湛的笔墨技巧的大学者才称得上优秀的书法家。书法是毛,文字是皮,语言是血肉,思想是骨骼,文脉是灵魂,没有灵魂的躯体就是行尸走肉。一件书法作品如果没有厚实的人文基础是不可能被书法史所记忆的。     

Healthcare in India: Changing the Financing Strategy

The way in which healthcare is financed is critical for equity in access to healthcare. At present the proportion of public resources committed to healthcare in India is one of the lowest in the world, with less than one‐fifth of health expenditure being publicly financed. India has large‐scale poverty and yet the main source of financing healthcare is out‐of‐pocket expenditure. This is a cause of the huge inequities we see in access to healthcare. The article argues for strengthening public investment and expenditure in the health sector and suggests possible options for doing this. It also calls for a reform of the existing healthcare system by restructuring it to create a universal access mechanism which also factors in the private health sector. The article concludes that it is important to over‐emphasize the fact that health is a public or social good and so cannot be left to the vagaries of the market.     

Simplex representation of insurance performance analysis

The general belief in the insurance industry is that underwriting is a loss-making segment but is essential as it generates cash flow. The underwriting losses are cross-subsidized by investment income resulting in overall profits. In this paper, we investigate if the same is true in the Indian context. For this Simplex representation, (also known as trilinear plot or Saari Triangle) a tool in the field of political science, is adapted. Simplex representation can give an instant understanding of the relative performance of a company in any segment/domain. The study reveals that, contrary to expectation, it is reinsurance that has contributed more to overall aggregate performance as against investment.     

The Elements of Rationality and Chance in the Choice of Human Action

The focus in this paper is on deliberate human action. The central questions addressed are: whether purely rational choice is possible; whether choices may be induced by chance alone; or whether there is always a mixture of rationality and chance, as well as other factors such as habit, emotion, imitation and irrationality. The approach is a factualist one, upholding the view that, although human action can be explained by its antecedents, this is not incompatible with the notion of "free choice". It is the actual choosing process that determines the final choice of action. Whatever the sources of the elements involved in the choosing process, the choice of action is a specific outcome created by the acting agent. It is in this choosing process and decision making that both rationality and chance enter. The conclusion is that rationality is the element which links intentionality with goal seeking and attainment, but that the actual choice is determined by a complex interactive process in which both logic and chance play a part.     

从专业社会学角度评估我国社会工作的专业化

专业社会学是以专业现象为对象的社会学的分支学科,依据国内该领域的最新研究成果——专业化运动理论——对我国社会工作的专业化水平进行定性兼定量的测评,得出我国社会工作正处在专业化的初级阶段。专业化是社会工作发展的历史选择,对专业化水平进行评估是一个系统的反思过程,具有总结经验、发现不足和辨明道路的功能。     

The Model School as A Community Centre

The question is raised whether in fact there is any ‘community’, in the generally accepted sense of the term, in our society today. If there is some doubt about the existence of community, but community is something generally deemed desirable, it seems a profitable procedure to study ways in which community may be generated or strengthened, particularly by the school. The role of the school as a centre for the generation of genuine community is considered. The idea of community among communities is then raised, and the paper concludes with discussion of the purposes underlying the community school concept.