中国本土管理研究的理论与实践问题:对徐淑英的访谈

如何处理好“管理研究的学术严谨性与实践相关性”问题,是管理学者最大的挑战之一.中国大陆管理学研究应从仅仅追求严谨性转变为既严谨又有着现实或潜在的社会影响.中国管理学者需要真正地进行探索性研究来发展中国管理的新构念和理论,依赖于现有文献的模仿和构建不会带来根本的创新.用中国的文化来理解当代中国的管理实践是构建本土理论的尚佳方法.本土研究既可以促进本地管理知识的发展,又可以通过展示中国的管理,区分与西方管理可能的相似或不同,以提升全球管理知识.没有本土的理论,就不能进行真正的比较研究.     

交叉路口的彷徨、兴奋与学术争鸣——第3届"管理学在中国"学术研讨会述评

第3届"管理学在中国"学术研讨会在3个方面取得了显著成果:对"理论与实践"、"问题与方法"等基本问题的探讨;中国特色管理学的构建;中国学者原创的管理理论.会议也对公共管理、企业社会责任与道德、组织行为与人力资源、国有企业、知识管理与虚拟企业等聚集性选题进行了专题研讨.     

改版说明北大核心CSSCI

满足管理学者理论创新与中国企业实践需要、引领实践方向,是中国管理学术期刊持续成长的生机所在。进入新时代,中国管理研究必须坚持"理论与实践、古与今、中与外、定量与定性"的结合,提炼中国理论,贡献中国智慧,培育中国学派。《南开管理评论》鼓励管理学研究者扎根企业实践,倡导管理实践者加入管理学"学术共同体",努力为管理学者和实践者搭建管理理论与实践的互动共创平台。     

扎根中国实践是我国管理学研究的优良品格

从范式思维高度理解,扎根中国实践既是我国管理学研究的基本属性,又是其优良品质,对于促进管理学术中国化和推动建构管理学中国自主知识体系都具有重要价值和意义。基于扎根中国实践开展管理学研究的主要抓手包括讲好中国管理故事、设定管理新议题、凝练标识性管理概念、拓展新的学术话语和实现学理链大循环等。同时,构建稳定宽松的学术生态环境和评价机制是推动管理学研究扎根实践的保障。通过这些努力,扎根中国实践的管理学研究能够不断发展,并为中国和全球管理学的健康、持续与高质量发展做出积极贡献。     

管理学本土化问题研究的分析与再思考

依据熊彼特“一个人不掌握历史事实,不具备适当的历史感或所谓历史经验,他就不可能指望理解任何时代(包括当前)的经济现象”的经济史学观,以及中国管理学本土化工作中存在的问题,分析了中国管理学界当前需要开展的工作.结合既是文化环境过程,也是文化环境中产物的管理学理论的特性,探索了中国本土管理研究工作的相关问题.认为中国学科本土化的研究工作是中国管理学界需要认真思考和分析的问题,管理学的中国本土化工作不能急功近利,一蹴而就.承认、尊重一百多年来经过广泛的理论研究和管理实践检验,并具有普适性的管理思想与理论架构,不拘泥于与中国现阶段和未来发展实践相脱节,甚至背离的理论或结论,努力地结合中国的国情和实践深入开展研究,是中国管理学界进行中国本土管理研究工作的主要路径.     

改革开放四十年中国企业管理学的发展——情境、历程、经验与使命

本文将快速工业化、渐进市场化和全球信息化作为中国企业管理学发展的主要国家情境因素,以此为基础系统回顾了改革开放40年中国企业管理学的发展历程,将发展历程划分为"恢复转型"、"完善提高"、"全面创新"3个阶段,总结了中国企业管理学发展的基本经验:坚持马克思主义在发展中国企业管理学中的指导地位,重视企业改革、管理与发展的系统性,坚持跟踪国际学术前沿问题与解决中国具体管理问题相结合,坚持自主创新思维与科学研究规范相结合,坚持企业管理理论与企业管理实践相结合。本文最后指出,中国正在努力培育具有国际竞争力的世界一流企业,未来中国管理学者的使命是全面创新、加快构建中国特色企业管理学,形成具有中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的管理理论和学科体系,促进中国情境下的企业管理方式走向世界。     

网络环境下的管理理论研究和实践探索——“管理学在中国”2014年会(第7届)观点综述

“管理学在中国”2014年会(第7届)以“网络环境下的管理新挑战”为主题,从当前中国管理实践的新情境出发,结合网络科技发展引发的组织实践与理论变革,通过管理学者及实践者深度对话,围绕创建“网络环境下的管理理论”,从“管理学在中国”实践探索、“管理学在中国”理论研究、商业组织研究、政府与非营利组织研究等方面展开研讨.     

数智时代的中国管理智慧——第15届“管理学在中国”年会评述

第15届“管理学在中国”年会以“数智时代的中国管理智慧”为主题,旨在探讨高度数字化、智能化管理情境下,组织管理、产业家涌现、生态红利获取、企业数字化转型等领域的管理理论与管理实践问题。结合会议主题报告、会议论文以及现场对话等环节的讨论内容,对本次年会的主要观点进行总结与评述。     

和谐管理理论基础:和谐的诠释

本文对和谐管理理论进行简单的介绍,并从管理学、经济学、社会学的角度对和谐理论进行重新诠释,阐述了和谐理论的思想价值,对和谐标准进行了分类,并针对人的主体特性对促协力场的机制进行了调整,明确界定了和谐理论的一些基础性问题.文中还就和谐理论与管理学理论研究和实践活动的关系进行了评价,提出可以用和谐理论对管理学研究进行整合的设想.     

从管理学到公共管理学--历史角度的考量

公共管理学作为一门科际学科,其学科定位以及与管理学的关系一直少有定论.事实上,管理学与公共管理学在共通中存在着差异,在两者的互动过程中彼此借鉴,相互超越.这是一个从传统公共行政的效率主义到新公共行政对公平等社会价值的回归,到新公共管理的管理主义新形式对效率的追求,再到新公共服务对公共服务技术与方式的再造,更到对这些服务的价值取向的重新审视,它们构成一个动态的、连续的螺旋式递进的过程.在公共管理学逐步成为独立的学科范式的进程中,必须重新梳理公共管理学与管理学两者间的历史渊源关系,重新考量其研究对象、研究方法与价值取向,着重塑造自己鲜明的公共价值取向,突出其公共实践的理论先声这一科学致用功能,并在基于一般管理学但又高于一般管理层面的发展战略高度,构建普适于公共运作的管理理论体系和管理技术方法体系.公共管理学的未来发展将始终以管理学为其母学科定位基础,但不再是全盘地吸收.如何在管理学基本理论与方法基础上,结合其他相关学科,创新公共管理学科自身的方法论体系和理论体系,使之能够不断应对公共管理实践需求的全新挑战,并在公共价值取向和公共治理变革中引导现实,将是未来相当长时间内摆在公共管理学科发展定位高度上的重大议题.     

Educational Landscapes and Urban Development. Contextual and Spatial Interfaces and Linkages

In the broad sociopolitical discussion on education quality within the last decade, it has become apparent that education is gaining importance for urban development, as well as space and the urban context are important dimensions of education. This becomes particularly evident in concepts for local educational landscapes (Ger. Bildungslandschaften). The young field of research on educational landscapes is currently lacking empirical research from spatial and planning sciences. In the paper, the current state of scientific research on educational landscapes in Germany and Europe and first insights to contextual and spatial interfaces and linkages between education and urban development in general are presented.     

Inventory Models with Continuous and Poisson Demands and Discounted and Average Costs

We develop a new, unified approach to treating continuous‐time stochastic inventory problems with both the average and discounted cost criteria. The approach involves the development of an adjusted discounted cycle cost formula, which has an appealing intuitive interpretation. We show for the first time that an (s, S) policy is optimal in the case of demand having a compound Poisson component as well as a constant rate component. Our demand structure simultaneously generalizes the classical EOQ model and the inventory models with Poisson demand, and we indicate the reasons why this task has been a difficult one. We do not require the surplus cost function to be convex or quasi‐convex as has been assumed in the literature. Finally, we show that the optimal s is unique, but we do not know if optimal S is unique.     

E-governance and Corruption-developments and Issues in Ethiopia

This paper reports the results of a survey of 400 respondents in Ethiopia about factors generating corruption and the potential of e-Governance to mitigate corruption. It is suggested that e-Governance can help not only in weeding out corruption but also in the establishment of sounder government citizen relationships in Ethiopia. While e-Governance cannot cure all the structural factors that breed corruption in the society, strategic implementation of e-Governance can help improve the critical variable in combating corruption-government citizen relationships. It is argued that while e-Governance initiatives can make important contributions to improving public services they can best do so by helping improve overall relationships between governments and citizens.

The Challenge of Political and Economic Change in Poland and Central and Eastern Europe

This article discusses political and economic changes in Poland, Central and Eastern Europe emerging since the demise of the ‘closed system’ in 1989. The presentation explores the range of change, the method and the sequence of change. General lessons in economic transition as identified by Polish Finance Minister Lezak Balcerowicz are discussed. The challenges involved in macroeconomic stabilization, radical liberalization, currency convertibility, subsidy reduction and conversion of state-owned enterprises are reviewed. Despite their complexity, economic and political reforms proved necessary and inevitable. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Work and shopping overflow — Consequences and differentiation among selected psychological and demographic characteristics

Contemporary individuals are forced to deal with excessive stimulation, which causes an overload in the cognitive and emotional areas. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possible factors differentiating the perceived level of work and shopping overflow experienced by individuals and consequences of these states. Two psychological variables: cognitive control and sensation seeking, are chosen as potential factors differentiating the perceived levels of overflow. We assume that individuals with high cognitive control and sensation seeking will report lower levels of both types of examined overflows. Experiencing low overflow levels may manifest in the search for additional stimuli, rather than in the desire to limit them. Two indexes of behavior connected to seeking extra stimulation are selected: one belonging to the area of consumer behavior (readiness to participate in the experience economy) and one belonging to vocational behavior (choosing a boundaryless career). The quantitative study is conducted on a sample of 297 management students who are currently employed. The research results support the relation between cognitive control and perceived level of work and shopping overflow. Individuals who can cognitively control the situation and the incoming stimuli report lower levels of overflow. No significant relationship between sensation seeking and the level of overflow is found. The demographic variables that influence the perceived overflow are age and salary for work overflow and age for shopping overflow. As far as consequences of overflow are concerned, a low level of shopping overflow is related to readiness to participate in the experience economy. However, there is no link between work overflow and preferred career pattern. The managerial implications for human resource management and marketing strategy design are discussed.     

Review and preview of productivity research and applications

During the last two decades, productivity research and applications have not been given adequate importance when trying to attain excellence in the management of manufacturing enterprises. Recent developments in managerial philosophies Total Quality Management and Business Process Re-engineering , manufacturing technologies Flexible Manufacturing Systems, Computer Integrated Manufacturing, etc. and Information Technology innovations have made the traditional productivity improvement techniques obsolete. This article presents a review consisting of analyses of literature on productivity and a survey of manufacturing enterprises. A five-step preview strategy on productivity is enumerated which provides a meaningful direction towards future productivity research and application. The article is concluded by briefly describing the current research that is being carried out based on the preview strategy evolved.     

Definitions and linkages between operational and strategic flexibilities

This paper aims at clarifying the concept of strategic flexibility, starting from that much more common of manufacturing flexibility (or operational one). After characterizing the dimensions of the latter, a classification of strategic flexibility is presented which distinguishes four categories. The measures of strategic flexibility are also investigated. Then two analogies are pointed out with the operational flexibility. The first, of the cause-effect type, is on two levels: at the business level, the operational flexibility estimates the variation of practices, while the strategic flexibility measures the effect obtained on performances; at the corporate level, the operational flexibility estimates the variation of competences, while the strategic flexibility evaluates the change in business. The second analogy, related to the classification variables, permits the main types of operational and strategic flexibilities to be placed in a single framework. So this study seeks to provide a framework—which has not been proposed in prior literature—for analyzing and evaluating the correlated concepts of operational and strategic flexibilities, to create a theoretical foundation for future research and empirical testing.     

Review and reappraisal of modelling and predicting mental workload in single- and multi-task environments

The concept of mental workload has long been recognized as an important factor in individual performance within complex systems. It is documented that either overload or underload may degrade performance, and further affect the efficiency of the whole system. Therefore, systems designers need some explicit models to predict the mental workload imposed on individuals by the system at an early design phase so that alternative system designs can be evaluated. In examining mental-workload literature, it is found that few predictive mental-workload models have considered factors specific to individuals. This research aims to develop a practical framework for predicting mental workload in both single- and multi-task environments considering such individual factors. In order to describe mental workload more precisely and more completely, a framework for mentalworkload definitions, which contains instantaneous workload, average workload, accumulated workload, peak workload and overall workload, is proposed. In order to model individual factors, two new variables, i.e. effective workload and ineffective workload, are introduced to model the taskgenerated workload and individual-generated workload. The extension of the model to multi-task environments is also discussed. The proposed conceptual models are domain-independent and could be used to guide the development of operational models for different specific tasks.     

Chronic stress and chronic disease in life and work: Conceptual and methodological issues

This paper argues that the lack of strong prospective evidence linking occupational and social stress to chronic disease stems from the failure of research designs to attend sufficiently to the aetiological chronicity of such diseases. Studies of both supposedly acute stress (life events) and chronic stress in life or work must increasingly be designed to distinguish between stress which is sustained or chronic over a period of yean or even decades, and hence capable of causing a serious chronic disease, and brief or transient stress, which may produce transient or brief psychological or physiological disturbances but cannot generate major chronic disease. Prospective studies are needed which collect measures of both stress and health or disease at multiple points over an extended period of time. Measures of stress should focus more on affect (for example, feelings of pressure and tension) than on cognition (for example feelings of satisfaction). Limited existing evidence is consistent with these ideals.     

Beliefs and the Perception of Risks and Accidents

Identifying the causes of accidents is a necessary prerequisite for preventive action. Some research suggests however that the analysis of accidents does not only differ between experts and laymen but that it is also linked to certain characteristics inherent in the analyst and in the social group to which he belongs: beliefs, value systems, norms, experiences in common, attitudes, roles, social and technical practices, etc. Culturally determined bias seems to affect the perception of risk and the causes of accidents. This article presents a certain number of thoughts and results based upon research carried out on causal attributions of traffic accidents in The Ivory Coast (West Africa) and discusses the importance of culture in risk-taking and accident prevention. It shows in particular that fatalistic beliefs and mystical practices influence the perception of accidents and consequently incite one to take more risks and neglect safety measures.