论我国基本公共服务均等化的重要性

改革开放30多年来,中国的发展取得了举世瞩目的成就,经济快速发展并一跃成为世界第二大经济体,我国综合国力也大幅度提高,随之人民群众生活水平也得到了较大的改善,不再仅仅束缚于温饱问题,而是更加注重基本公共服务的建设与质量。且努力实现我国基本公共服务均等化是维系我国和谐社会发展的基石,是深入贯彻科学发展观及其以人为本理念的重要体现,也是全面建设小康社会的必经之路。     

我国城镇化与公共服务均等化实证研究

随着我国城镇化速度峰值的到来,我国经历由快速城镇化发展模式逐渐向内涵式城镇化发展道路的转变。其中,公共服务非均等化是我国城镇化过程中的突出问题。本文在我国城镇化时空发展特征的分析基础上,采用单因素方差分析的方法检验不同城镇化阶段公共服务的投入差异,研究发现：①不同城镇化阶段公共服务投入的种类侧重存在显著差异;②不同城镇化阶段公共服务投入的增长幅度不同;③随着城镇化水平的提升,公共服务的提升与城镇化率的提高不同步特征愈发突出。进而,基于分位回归模型在对地级市尺度的城镇化发展水平与公共服务的关系研究中发现,在城镇化水平达到51%前后呈现出公共服务投入的拐点,与城镇化速度峰值点相吻合。加快向现代公共服务型政府转型,推动公共事务治理的民主性、治理主体的多元化和治理方式的多样性,形成公共服务主体间相互合作、多元互动的社会治理结构是未来我国实现公共服务均等化的发展方向。     

我国城乡体育公共服务非均等化现象浅析

在我国当前的新农村建设中,公共体育服务非均等化现象突出,在建设新农村进程中,实现农村公共体育服务均等化不仅要在宏观上切实改变城乡二元制度结构,而且要完善与公共体育服务均等化发展相适应的政府财力分配机制,建立农村公共体育服务的绩效评价机制,以促进农村体育服务逐渐向均等化过渡。     

加快转变发展方式与“十二五”基本公共服务均等化的基本目标

推进基本公共服务均等化是我国改革发展新阶段为适应公共需求变化所做出的一项重大战略决策。文章就＂十二五＂期间推进基本公共服务均等化的意义和挑战进行了分析,进而提出了＂十二五＂期间基本公共服务均等化的基本目标。     

城乡公共服务均等化现状调查分析——基于对张家口市赤城县实地考察

实现城乡公共服务均等化,切实提高农村地区的公共服务供给水平,不仅可以提高农民的生活水平,并且对于维护社会稳定、促进国民经济持续、快速、健康发展也有很大的作用。本次社会实践通过对张家口市赤城县的实地考察,详细了解赤城县城乡公共服务均等化的基本现状,通过总结现状、分析原因提出了一些建设性意见供参考,本次社会实践对赤城县城乡公共服务建设具有重要的现实意义。     

城乡基本公共服务均等化的国内外研究现状

城乡基本公共服务均等化这一命题提出至今,国内学者通过多个角度对其进行分析,理论体系不断完善。本文通过对国内外研究现状进行分析,评价现阶段的理论体系,并针对其中存在的问题,提出建议。     

论城市财政体制与不同群体间基本公共服务均等化问题

通过体制机制创新促进不同群体享有均等化的基本公共服务是建立现代财政制度的重要内容。上海应以深化城市财政体制改革为契机,坚持以人民为中心的改革原则,聚焦短板弱项,坚持系统思维,构建长效机制,进一步优化财政支出结构,增强支出责任与财政事权匹配力度,完善基本公共服务保障标准,建立健全多元协同供给机制,切实促进不同群体间基本公共服务均等化,推动共同富裕取得更为明显的实质性进展。     

新型城镇化建设中公共服务均等化的政府职能发挥研究

“基本公共服务均等化”是全面建成小康社会目标的重要组成部分,公共服务均等化建设中政府发挥重要职能作用。为探究新型城镇化建设背景下,公共服务均等化的政府职能发挥,深入分析乡镇政府在公共服务均等化建设中的职能定位,并结合实际工作分析政府职能发挥问题,并总结问题,分析原因,进而以“服务型政府”理念为引导,在财政体制、供给机制、监督机制、服务体系、政策支持等方面提出针对性的政策建议。     

中国区域公共服务水平均等化差异演变:1997-2007

基于我国31个省区公共服务各方面的统计数据,利用主成分分析法,定量考察了1997-2007年间各省区教育水平、公共卫生、社会保障、基础设施、科学技术、环境保护、公共安全水平的差异变化情况。     

破解城乡二元体制对公共服务均等化的制约路径探析

本文通过对城乡公共服务的现状进行分析,提出我国农村人口基数巨大和城乡体制分割是导致公共服务非均等化的两个关键原因,在此基础上提出坚持城乡统筹发展原则,适当调整城乡人口结构,适时取消城乡户籍制度等路径以期缓解城乡二元体制对公共服务均等化的制约。     

Temporary Work in the Public Services: Implications for Equal Opportunities

This article examines the impact of the growing number of temporary employment contracts in the public sector on equal opportunity theory, policy and practice. Quantitative and qualitative data from two case study local authorities are utilized to examine the mechanisms by which temporary work becomes an equal opportunities issue. A strong association between part‐time work and temporary employment status is demonstrated as an important aspect of the gendered nature of temporary work. Links between ethnicity and temporary work are less clear but are based upon the insecurity of targeted funding for teachers and the under‐valuation of the skills of the workers concerned. The data indicate that temporary workers are largely excluded from equal opportunity policy and practice, bringing into question a concept of equality that can permit less favourable treatment for certain groups of workers. It is argued that public sector restructuring, particularly concerning decentralization and the quest for flexibility, has facilitated the differential treatment of employees, thereby fundamentally eroding the basis of equal opportunity policy and practice.     

新加坡公共外交的经验及对广州的启示

本文从新加坡公共外交的范畴界定,新加坡的文化外交、媒体外交、教育外交、企业外交等角度对新加坡公共外交成功经验进行了梳理。在此基础上,阐述了其对广州的启示。     

Access to Land,Rural Development and Public Action: The When and the How

After being marginalised in the 1980s, land‐reform policies came back to national and international development agendas during the 1990s, resulting in a revival of academic research on the subject. This article reviews the empirical literature on access to land, rural development and public action for evidence on when and how the state should intervene in the allocation of rural land. The review suggests that positive impacts are obtained if, and only if, public actions on the allocation of land are carried out under certain conditions and in a certain way. The article ends by highlighting the need to elaborate empirical models that take into consideration opportunity costs and interactions, and that integrate individual responses with aggregate effects.     

The Privatization of Social Services from Public to Sectarian

ABSTRACT

This article explores the privatization of social services from public to sectarian points of view while examining the implications of the Charitable Choice movement on the gay and lesbian community. The history of this movement is explored from a developmental perspective outlining the socioeconomic makeup of gays and lesbians, the societal perceptions and mythology of the economic status of homosexuals, and actual figures related to the number of gays and lesbians who rely on publicly supported social service providers. The article explores the history as well as the positive and negative aspects this type of privatization movement involves. Finally, a comprehensive assessment of the effects of this movement on the gay and lesbian community is presented and future recommendations will be made.     

日韩文化与金融融合发展经验及其对上海的启示

与日韩两国相比,上海文化与金融融合发展起步晚,但起点高、步子实、进度快。中共十八届三中全会以来,上海将文化与金融融合发展作为重点工作推进,以国际视野、创新方式和落细落小落实举措,着力推动上海文化与金融融合发展并取得显著进展。学习和借鉴日韩两国经验,最重要的是坚持政府融合主导,发挥市场融合优势,激活社会融合主体,创新开放融合方式,合力推动融合发展。     

ICT for all? Access and use of Public ICT Sites in the UK

As part of their "information age' policy agenda, the UK government sees "universal' access to information and communications technology (ICT) being achieved via new and existing public sites, where shared access to new technologies can be made available at little or no cost. State-sponsored augmentation of public ICT access in the UK has involved a variety of initiatives, most notably the recent establishment of a network of over 7,000 "UK Online Centres' located in a variety of distributed sites such as libraries, museums and colleges. Whilst there have been a number of localized case studies of users of public ICT sites, there has been little large-scale "mapping' of how these facilities are being used (and not used) by the general public. Based on a randomized household survey with 1,001 individuals in twelve research areas in the West of England and South Wales - augmented with a "booster' sample of 100 interviews with individuals carried out in public ICT sites in these areas - the present paper seeks to explore: (i) who has access to what forms of public ICT sites; and (ii) who is (and who is not) making use of different forms of public ICT sites. The survey data suggest that, in terms of people's effective access to ICT, public access sites have a relatively slight profile when compared with household and wider family access - perceived to offer ready access to ICT by only a minority of respondents. Moreover, when the use of these public ICT sites is examined, there is little evidence of public ICT sites attracting those social groups who may otherwise be excluded or marginalized from the information age. Given these findings, the paper considers the influences underlying the currently modest impact of public ICT sites on the general population and suggests changes to current public ICT provision that may prompt wider usage of these sites.     

父亲育儿假：国际经验的启示和借鉴

我国目前实行的男方“晚育护理假”主要出于对少生晚育公民的一种奖励。而国际社会通行的“父亲假”或“育儿假”遵循的是儿童照顾、父亲责任和性别平等的理念。本文分析了前者的局限性，建议借鉴国际社会的经验设立“父亲照顾假”，并探讨了对相关法律、法规进行修改的可行性和具体条文。     

Child Protection,Public Services and the Chimera of Market Force Efficiency

The different agencies and professions that contribute towards child protection services have all recently had to begin to take account of the impact of market forces on their activities, yet detailed consideration of the consequences of this are slow to emerge. This article begins to consider these changes for child protection services. Having briefly described the child protection systems in England and Wales, it looks at the theoretical underpinning to the market forces approach which has become a significant ideological position in respect of public services in the UK and increasingly throughout the world. The article then considers the impact of a market forces approach on the organization of child protection services in relation to coordination versus fragmentation, profit versus professionalism, planning versus short-termism, and cooperation versus competition. It concludes that the argument that a market forces approach to child protection will lead to greater efficiency in relation to protecting children is a chimera. The article is thus of relevance for the different professions who contribute to child protection services in all countries where a market approach to public welfare is being suggested or implemented.     

The Association of Alternative Financial Services Usage and Financial Access: Evidence from the National Financial Capability Study

This study examined the association of financial access and alternative financial services (AFS) using a nationally representative sample from the 2012 National Financial Capability Study (N = 25,509). Structural equation modeling was used to examine the relationship between financial access and AFS usage. Ordinary least squares regression was used to estimate the relationship between banked status and the overall AFS usage as a latent variable while controlling for sociodemographic variables, financial education, financial knowledge, and home ownership. Results suggested that being unbanked was positively associated with AFS usage after controlling for other covariates. Financial education and knowledge, age, gender, marital status, education, household income, and homeownership were significantly associated with AFS usage. These findings have implications for public policy and programs that work with the unbanked.