中国农民收入增加的思路创新及对策选择

农民收入事关我国国民经济和社会发展的全局 ,近年来农民收入增速连续下滑已对农村及宏观经济发展形成了不利影响 ,增加农民收入成为经济工作的主要内容。然而 ,传统思路和对策如增加产量、提高价格等已难以支撑农民收入的有效增加 ,农民增收面临诸多新的挑战 ,增加农民收入必须确立新的思路和对策 ,即通过调整农业结构使农业适应市场增加农民收入 ,通过推进城镇化优化城乡经济关系增加农民收入 ,通过调整国民收入分配结构向农业和农村倾斜增加农民收入     

农业产业化经营的规模化组织选择与发展

由我国农业产业化经营组织的发展现状,可以归结出基于农户与企业利益关系的演进规律,分析规模化组织发展的阶段性特征,确立产业化经营的不同发展阶段的规模化组织的选择.我国农业产业化经营的规模化组织将向农地股份合作经济组织和专业股份合作经济组织两种形式转变,这将为我国农业产业化经营的组织未来发展指明方向.     

基于农业产业化发展农业物流的途径

发展农业物流在农产品的各个环节都起着相当重要的作用,它有助于解决中国的"三农"问题,对于增加农民收入、增强农业产业化发展能力以及提高农产品产销效率是不可忽视的解决策略。本文首先阐述了农业产业化应当包含农业物流,其次分析了当前农业物流存在的问题以及建立在农业产业化基础之上发展现代农业物流的重要性。最后,本文提出了基于农业产业化发展农业物流的途径。     

借鉴日本经验，推进我国农业产业化的发展

农业产业化是农业现代化的必由之路。我国正处于农业产业化的起步阶段，从近年的实践来看，我国农业产业化经营的进一步发展面临着诸多亟待解决的问题，该文试图从农业与农业产业化的关系入手，在借鉴日本经验的基础上，探索中国农业产业化的道路与模式。     

结构、技术、工业化:农民收入的影响因素研究——以湖北省为例

农民收入问题不仅是"三农"问题的核心之一,也一直是国计民生关注的焦点,是政府高度重视和关心的难题。如何提高农民收入,缩小城乡发展差距是目前解决问题的关键所在。本文以2000-2009年湖北省17个市、州的农民收入为研究对象,使用面板模型,对农业生产结构调整、技术进步、工业发展与农民收入之间的关系进行了计量分析。研究结果发现,自2000年以来,湖北省的农民人均收入与工业发展之间存在显著正相关性,与农业技术进步呈显著负相关性,与农业生产结构调整关系不是十分显著。这三者影响因素中,工业产值对于农民收入影响最大,并在此基础上,对增加农民收入提出了相应的建议。     

发展农民专业合作组织是推进甘肃农业产业化经营的必然选择

本文通过对新时期甘肃农民专业合作组织在农业产业化发展中的作用、自身发展的制约因素以及发展对策的分析,说明发展农民专业合作组织是推进甘肃农业产业化经营的必然选择。     

美日农业产业化经营对新疆农业发展的借鉴

新疆是中国重要的粮、棉、油基地,农业是新疆的优势产业,但同时也是弱势产业,进人21世纪,诸如农业科技含量低、农产品竞争力不强、资源配置不合理,农村经济发展缓慢,农民收人还很低等农业、农村和农民问题仍然是新疆的主要问题.为实现资源的有效配置和提高农民收人,一些地方探索走农业产业化的道路.以当前情况来看,新疆农业产业化在一些地区取得较为成功的探索,但从总体来看还处于初级阶段,还面临很多困难和问题,无论在理论方面还是在实践方面都有磊于突破.     

农业产业化经营发展对农村回流劳动力就业的促进作用——基于成都和郑州两村的实证分析

当前中西部地区尚有大量农村剩余劳动力需要转移就业,外出劳动力回流使得农村劳动力的就业问题变得更加复杂,特别是如何解决那些年龄偏大、受教育程度较低、工作能力较弱的群体的就业更是面临艰巨挑战.农业产业化经营的发展不仅推动了农业生产的社会化分工的发展,而且拓展了就业途径,促进了就业的增加.农业产业化发展阶段性的特定要求与回流劳动力人力资本状况相适应,使得农业产业化经营创造的就业具有更低的人力资本再配置成本,提高和增加了回流劳动力的收益,对吸纳回流劳动力具有积极作用,是解决农村劳动力就业的有效途径.     

甘肃循环农业产业化发展的SWOT分析与战略对策研究

本文通过对甘肃省农业区域建设重点和产业发展方向的分析,提出了农业发展模式和循环农业经济发展模式;通过借助SWOT分析法对影响循环农业产业化发展的内部优、劣势条件及外部机遇和威胁因素的剖析,提出了甘肃循环农业产业化发展的战略对策。     

我国农业产业化经营模式探讨

农业产业化经营具有市场化、集约化、社会化的特征.农业产业化已成为推进农业发展的一项重要措施.当前农业产业化经营模式主要有公司(企业)+农户;合作社;市场+加工企业+基地(农户);野力模式(公司+基地+农户);农村专业技术协会+农户;专业批发市场+农户;公司+中介组织+农户.     

浅析现代农业与社会主义新农村建设

建设现代农业是社会主义新农村建设的首要任务和重要基础。推进现代农业建设需要明确现代农业与社会主义新农村的关系,弄清现代农业和社会主义新农村的基本内涵。本文在回顾了我国"三农"政策变迁的基础上,对现代农业的内涵及其发展趋势作了简要的阐述,明确了现代农业与社会主义新农村的关系,然后分析了发展现代农业与社会主义新农村建设的紧迫性,并提出了发展现代农业、推进社会主义新农村建设的建议措施。     

城镇化背景下的家庭农业与乡土社会——对内蒙赤峰市农业经营形式的案例研究

本文要讨论的问题是,在农业青壮年劳动力大量外出,只有老人和妇女留守农村的情况下,中国农业将如何转型,农业生产的规模化服务将如何实现?农业生产技术的改进与生产要素的市场化无疑会促进农业生产服务的规模化,而规模化服务并不以土地的集中和小农经济的消亡为前提。乡土社会网络降低了农业规模化服务过程中的组织成本,在农村乡土社会面貌不变的情况下实现了农业生产服务的规模化,从而建立了一种“新型农业经营体系”。     

The Associations between income,informal social networks,and health among older adults in South Korea: A multi‐group analysis based on the level of age‐friendly environments

The aim of the present study was to empirically investigate the role of age‐friendly environments (AFE) on the associations between income, informal social networks, and health among South Korean older adults. We used data from the “2017 Age Integration Survey” collected nationally and ultimately analyzed 615 older adults over 50 years of age. Structural equation modeling and multi‐group analysis were used to test the hypothesis. Specifically, two groups of perceived levels of AFE (top 25%, bottom 25%) were compared in order to examine the moderating effects. The results indicated that poor income and scarce informal social networks each had a significantly adverse impact on health. However, the effect of income on health was no longer significant for older adults living in environments that were more age‐friendly. In both groups, the presence of fewer informal social networks adversely impacted health, although the sizes of the effects decreased when the level of AFE perceived by older adults was improved. Finally, several implications of the study findings were discussed.     

Consistent price determination of income and production: A singular equation system applied to the MPS model

In this article we present a general methodology that can be used to estimate a singular equation system of relative prices for a large disaggregated macroeconometric model (MPS). The accounts consistency requirements and the necessity to utilize distributed lag restrictions and to impose a serial correlation structure on the estimated model make these sum constraints rather cumbersome. Estimates of the MPS model and multiplier analysis illustrate the use of these constraints on a large forecasting model as well as the feasibility of the technique.     

A Market Economics Approach to Taxation and Regulation of Non-Profit Organizations Analyses and Recommendations for China

There is little disagreement that tax laws and regulations relating to non-profit organizations in China need to be changed. In this paper, we recommend comprehensive, not marginal, changes to China's tax laws for non-profit organizations (NPOs). The fundamentals of the sector and market economics suggest that the government should regulate the sector according to these principles: allowing people to make choices; using information conveyed by people's choices to identify NPOs worthy of government support; and providing incentives to organizations that help to achieve fairness in resource distribution.     

Multiple objective policy analysis: A factor analysis and tradeoff approach applied to the agricultural sector of the Dominican Republic

The technique of factor analysis is applied to a situation in which result data from multiple objective policy analysis need to be reduced to a subset of information for policy makers. Use of factor analysis in this context is developed in some detail, and the process is applied to results of pricing policy simulations from a model of the agricultural sector of the Dominican Republic. It is concluded that factor analysis can be a useful first step for the analyst to determine the relationships among groups of variables. The technique also aids the process of data reduction to allow graphical presentation of tradeoffs.