美伊战争对伊文物的毁灭性破坏

伊拉克是一个约有7000年文明的古老国家,留下了上万处重要文化、历史遗址、遗迹以及无数的文物珍宝.历史上,伊拉克的文化、历史遗迹与图书、文稿和文物等曾多次遭到战争的毁坏,但人类进入今天的文明时代,现存的伊拉克珍宝却再一次遭到被标榜为世界最文明的美英等国发动的战争的毁灭性破坏.目前,国际社会的方方面面正在联手,以拯救人类这一最古老的文明.     

文化资源的整合&海河文化带的建设

一、文物遗迹的保护开发与海河文化带的建设 人文历史景观是城市极具活力的视觉要素,是构成城市视觉形象的精神和灵魂.可以说,人文识别(与地缘识别相对的包括历史、文化、风俗、民族等人文状况的识别系统)是一个城市最持久、最具资源潜力和最有文化人类学意义的识别系统.人文历史景观最重要的要素是城市的文化遗迹,它们是城市发展历史形态在物质实体上的表现,是城市的一笔宝贵的文化遗产,是不可再生的文化资源.一棵古树、一座桥梁、一条小街、一座建筑物,都是城市历史发展的文化符号,是城市文化特色的生动体现,都在不经意间透露出城市发展的信息,烙上了时代前进的印迹.通过文物遗迹的保护与开发,可以丰富城市的文化内涵,提升城市形象,为城市创造财富.     

文化资源的整合&海河文化带的建设

一、文物遗迹的保护开发与海河文化带的建设 人文历史景观是城市极具活力的视觉要素,是构成城市视觉形象的精神和灵魂.可以说,人文识别(与地缘识别相对的包括历史、文化、风俗、民族等人文状况的识别系统)是一个城市最持久、最具资源潜力和最有文化人类学意义的识别系统.人文历史景观最重要的要素是城市的文化遗迹,它们是城市发展历史形态在物质实体上的表现,是城市的一笔宝贵的文化遗产,是不可再生的文化资源.一棵古树、一座桥梁、一条小街、一座建筑物,都是城市历史发展的文化符号,是城市文化特色的生动体现,都在不经意间透露出城市发展的信息,烙上了时代前进的印迹.通过文物遗迹的保护与开发,可以丰富城市的文化内涵,提升城市形象,为城市创造财富.     

中东地区的宗教文化遗产及其保护

由于地理位置独特和多民族汇聚,珍贵而独有的古老宗教文化遗迹在中东地区比比皆是。中东宗教文化遗产有其特殊的表现方式、外在审美价值、精神内涵和历史意义。但该地区的宗教文化遗产具有易受攻击性、掠夺性和价值不可取代性等特点。战争、人为因素、自然环境等多方面原因使这些遗产遭到了严重的破坏,并正面临着新的威胁。对中东地区宗教文化遗产的保护应从强化保护意识、建立专门教育机制、加强国际合作与对话、利用高科技手段等诸多方面入手。     

中东地区的宗教文化遗产及其保护

由于地理位置独特和多民族汇聚,珍贵而独有的古老宗教文化遗迹在中东地区比比皆是.中东宗教文化遗产有其特殊的表现方式、外在审美价值、精神内涵和历史意义.但该地区的宗教文化遗产具有易受攻击性、掠夺性和价值不可取代性等特点.战争、人为因素、自然环境等多方面原因使这些遗产遭到了严重的破坏,并正面临着新的威胁.对中东地区宗教文化遗产的保护应从强化保护意识、建立专门教育机制、加强国际合作与对话、利用高科技手段等诸多方面入手.     

雅典卫城修复记

雅典(Athens)作为希腊的首都,是希腊经济、财政、工业、政治和文化的中心,是世界上最古老的城市之一.拥有5000多年建城历史的雅典,历史遗迹丰富,至今仍保留了很多历史遗迹和大量的艺术作品,其中最著名的是雅典卫城的帕提农神庙,这是西方文化的象征.     

文化资源的整合与海河文化带的建设

一、文物遗迹的保护开发与海河文化带的建设人文历史景观是城市极具活力的视觉要素,是构成城市视觉形象的精神和灵魂。可以说,人文识别(与地缘识别相对的包括历史、文化、风俗、民族等人文状况的识别系统)是一个城市最持久、最具资源潜力和最有文化人类学意义的识别系统。人文历史景观最重要的要素是城市的文化遗迹,它们是城市发展历史形态在物质实体上的表现,是城市的一笔宝贵的文化遗产,是不可再生的文化资源。一棵古树、一座桥梁、一条小街、一座建筑物,都是城市历史发展的文化符号,是城市文化特色的生动体现,都在不经意间透露出城市发展…     

传统羌寨的空间形态特征分析及其美学价值评价——四川羌寨传统与民间艺术研究调查报告

本文从羌寨空间形态分析入手，评价和揭示了其美学价值所在。“5·12”汶川大地震使羌族民族文化遭到近乎毁灭性的打击：汶川县最大最古老的羌寨萝卜寨100％的房屋被破坏；北川羌族民俗博物馆中的400多件羌族文物悉数被毁，而且大量羌族非物质文化遗产的传人也在地震中遇难。而最具有羌族特色的理县桃坪羌寨，只有3座著名的古碉楼出现裂缝，楼尖部分垮塌。古碉楼经历1000多年历史，主建筑群仍然保存完好，这对震后羌文化的重建和保护工作都具有极大的参考价值。     

大庆地区历史文化遗迹在黑龙江流域文明中的价值

大庆地区的历史文化遗迹分布于城市所辖的五区四县,嫩江与松花江流经大庆境内,在今天的肇源县汇合并且向东北方向最终流入黑龙江,可以说,大庆地区的文明是黑龙江流域文明的一部分。诸多的文化遗迹承载着相应的文化内涵,见证了这座城市历史文化的变迁,同时也在一定的时间维度内构筑着这一区域的文化生态系统。大庆的文化并不是孤立的、单一的,而是黑龙江流域文明的延伸与补充,演绎出黑龙江流域几个典型的文化时期所反馈出的日常生产生活模式的变化过程,勾勒出自然环境与人类生存模式选择之间的关系。同时,也展现出人与自然博弈下的生命张力。我们认为大庆地区历史文化遗迹是黑龙江流域民族文化生态变迁的一个样本、黑龙江流域局部经济生活模式演变的典型案例,大庆是黑龙江流域文化复兴的一个实践基地。     

伊拉克的战时经济

旷日持久的两伊战争已经进入第7个年头.这场当今世界上最酷烈、吞噬生命最多的战争不仅使中东这一充满火药味的地区更加动荡不定,而且使两伊人民蒙受了极大的痛苦和不幸.交战双方在人力、物力和财力上,耗费惊人,损失巨大,国民经济遭到严重破坏,都处在经济困难时期. 在战争阴影笼罩下的伊拉克经济伊拉克石油资源丰富,蕴藏量在650亿桶以上.70年代初,伊拉克实现石油国有化,建立了自己的石油工业.第四次中东战争爆发后,石油价格猛涨,伊拉克的石油生     

Protecting our non‐citizens: Iraqi women on Australian temporary spouse visas

Migration is a complex experience that differs from one migrant group to the other. Migrants have often been mistakenly seen as one homogenous group with shared experience, overlooking the diversity that exists within their visa conditions, cultural backgrounds and gender category. The generalization of the migration experience among all migrant groups usually overlooks the very specific issues arising within different types of migration and within different migrant groups. Generally, research on migrant women often portrays a victim image of them and neglects their strength and resilience. This paper addresses some of the gaps in the literature concerned with generalization and concepts of resilience. Utilizing a qualitative feminist methodology, conversations were made with eight Iraqi sponsored women living in Adelaide who arrived in Australia holding a Temporary Spouse Visa (TSV), with no specified period of entry. Within the focus on Iraqi women, the paper explores two concepts: challenges of a TSV within marriage migration and patterns of resilience amongst Iraqi sponsored women. The core argument of this paper is that the Australian TSV category which facilitates marriage migration is politically discriminative against women and significantly contributes to women's vulnerability to abuse.     

伊拉克战争后的中东战略格局

美国发动的伊拉克战争是美国试图建立美国控制下的单极世界的第一场战争．美国在取得战争的胜利后，将在中东建立美国主导下的中东格局，并加紧实施其全球战略．中东政治力量在战后纷纷重组，尤以伊朗的海湾安全战略和以色列的中东超级大国地位确立最为典型。美国主导下的中东虽不会发生大的战争，但中东依旧是动荡之源，未来走势充满变数．     

伊拉克战争以来中国与伊拉克的关系

伊战前中伊两国间保持着长期的友好交往。伊战结束后，中国积极参与了联合国倡导的伊拉克重建，并与美国等西方国家及俄国、阿拉伯国家合作，与伊拉克新政权建立了良好的关系。中国公司也积极参与了伊拉克的经济重建。与战前相比，中伊经济关系发生重大变化，即贸易规模迅速扩大，能源合作的地位上升，中国从贸易顺差变为逆差，而中国公司的投资从一般制造业和建筑承包转向能源和高层次的制造业。中国对伊拉克新政权的外交政策和经济合作对于伊的稳定和发展起到了积极作用，同时保证了中国在伊的权益，在2014年6月以来伊拉克的动荡中，中国和伊拉克共同努力妥善保障了中国的利益。     

Threat in the life of Iraqi children

Given the magnitude of the possible exposure and duration of distress evidenced by Iraqi children, there is strong reason to expect that this, in combination with malnutrition and reduced school attendance, will dramatically reduce their learning potential.     

伊战后美国对伊拉克库尔德政策的动因及走向

长期以来,奉行亲美立场的伊拉克库尔德人在美国的中东战略中具有不可替代的作用。伊战后,以2003年伊拉克战争为标志事件,2011年美军撤离伊拉克为重要节点,美国的伊拉克库尔德政策可以分撤军前和撤军后两个阶段。随着伊拉克国内安全局势的恶化、伊朗支持什叶派力量的力度加大、极端组织“伊斯兰国”的沉浮和美国中东战略的收缩,美国不断调整对伊拉克库尔德政策。该政策是内外多重因素影响的结果,从本质上讲是美国将其作为维护中东霸权战略的重要抓手和依托。近年来,随着伊拉克国内反美情绪的高涨、伊朗地区影响力的增强、叙利亚局势的不确定性等多重因素的叠加,美国根据中东局势变化和战略利益需要持续调整库尔德政策,伊拉克库尔德人仍将是美国中东战略中的一个重要棋子。     

The Jewish community in Iraq, 1920–50: A failed attempt at integration

At the end of the First World War, the Iraqi Jewish community numbered about 85,000. With the establishment of the Arab Iraqi state in 1920, the leaders of the community advocated the integration of Iraqi Jewry into the national Arab society. Jews held important positions in all fields ‐ economic, social and cultural. Compared to Israel, Iraq was for them a paradise. There they hoped to build their future, which then promised to be bright. Arab Iraqi society, too, expected the Jewish minority to become a part of it and to contribute its talents to the consolidation and strengthening of the state.

The pogrom of 1941 was a turning point in the history of Iraqi Jewry, leading to the establishment of a Jewish underground. The worsening situation in Palestine prompted the Iraqi government to adopt a policy of repression and discrimination against the Jews, putting an end to the attempt by the Jewish minority to integrate into Arab Iraqi society. Jews began to seek ways to leave the country. The underground proved instrumental in helping some 121,000 Jews to flee Iraq and make their way to Israel.     

Refugee Family Voices: Shelter Needs in Iraqi Kurdistan

The shelter needs of refugees in Iraqi Kurdistan were documented by local government and humanitarian organizations. However, official narratives do not include the “voices” of those directly affected by inadequate shelter: the refugee families themselves. This study uses a mixed‐methods approach to understand the shelter issues experienced by 53 refugee families in Iraqi Kurdistan. Refugee families disclosed seven common shelter problems: water infiltration, lack of public services and schools, inadequate access to water, poor roads, extreme temperatures, need for larger living space and erratic electricity. These families faced an average of three shelter issues, with some dealing with up to five problems at the same time. Families with the highest concentration of shelter issues had higher occurrences of water infiltration, inadequate access to water, extreme temperatures and need for larger living space. The evidence suggests that refugee families are living in worse conditions than those outlined in official narratives.     

Reading Polanyi in Erbil: understanding socio-political factors in the development of Iraqi Kurdistan

ABSTRACT

The Kurdistan Regional Government emerges out of the chaos of post-Saddam Iraq as a rare positive, providing both political stability and economic growth. However, the outward display masks a more complex domestic settlement where the trappings of the free market coexist with political parties who are significant economic actors. How can this model of development in Iraqi Kurdistan be explained? Turning to the writings of political economist Karl Polanyi, does his thinking on relations between society and economy offer a way to unpack the development? And what does this analysis tell us of prospects for Iraqi Kurdistan?     

An examination of social work interventions for use with displaced Iraqi households in Jordan

The purpose of this paper is to identify and examine how models of social work intervention are being used with displaced Iraqi households in Jordan. The review of the situation of displaced Iraqis in Jordan identifies the size, characteristics and experiences of this group, Jordanian government policies towards them, and the role of IGOs and NGOs dealing with them. The literature review of social work interventions with refugees internationally identifies a range of psycho-social and community-based intervention models that are contextual, some of which include spiritual dimensions. The paper reviews social work interventions in use with Iraqi households in Jordan and concludes that these need to be focused at the individual, household and community levels using an inter-professional, holistic approach that includes spiritual dimensions, and that coordination between agencies is essential.     

战后科威特经济走势及我政策

美伊战争后，科威特经济发展的外部隐患被消除，科财政收入大幅增加，投资扩大，国内需求增加，市场消费旺盛；对外贸易增长，贸易顺差加大；外国投资活跃，资本流入增多。伊科是传统贸易伙伴，在地理、人文、资金等方面都具有开展贸易的得天独厚条件。中国企业可以科为跳板，与科企业进行广泛紧密合作，不失时机地进入伊市场。