天津市"4个2"快速路系统的道路交通特性及其对商业网点布局的影响

一、引言 目前天津市正处于城市建设全面展开和经济快速发展时期,随着中心城区中环-外环区域快速路系统竣工路段的增加和中心区商业设施的日趋饱和,那些因快速路的交通便捷而直接受益的快速路沿线地区逐渐成为商业开发建设的新热点.为了保障快速路的交通效益,避免快速路沿线由商业用地的无序开发所引发的一系列交通问题,有必要从系统角度,分析快速路不同路段的道路交通特性,并由此得出与之相对应的适建商业形态特点,实现快速路沿线土地开发与城市交通的协调发展.     

天津市外环线调线工程的建设意义与对策分析

一、引言 天津中心城区快速路系统建设始于2003年,现已建成路段长约1 17千米.快速路的建成通车使城市总体出行环境得到较大改善,市区与外围地区的沟通更为便捷.为了支撑天津的空间发展战略,市域综合交通规划确定了天津中心城区“二环十四射加联络线”的快速路骨架路网,其中“二环”分别为快速内环和快速外环,快速内环由已通车的快速路东南半环、西北半环和规划的津蓟快速路、津围快速路共同围合组成.快速外环即现状51千米的外环线,升级改造后与东北部调线所构成的快速环线.“十四射”分别为京津快速路、津汉快速路、志成道延长线等14条放射线快速路.     

基于多源数据的城市交通运行状况评价研究

目前,主流的互联网地图均提供了路况信息,但对于城市规划、交通管理而言,仍存在难以长期量化评价城市交通运行状况的问题,尤其是无法根据规划、管理的需要进行定制化区域交通运行评价。通过Python语言调用互联网地图的路径规划功能,处理得到有效、精细的道路网络和路段自由流速度等信息。根据路径规划数据和主要路段的交通流量数据,采用相关规范算法,实时计算得到研究区域内城市道路和区域交通运行状况。研究结果表明：该方法可以实现路段和路网的交通态势实时辨识,以路径规划获取全路段道路状态,增强了系统的完整性,以流量为权重的区域指数实现了区域交通状态的可量化和定制化,完善了评价系统。     

山区公路爬坡车道的设置条件与方法研究

山区公路长大纵坡路段是交通事故多发段,目前多集中于长大下坡的研究,却忽略了纵坡上坡路段行车安全研究。对于长大纵坡上坡路段,设置爬坡车道是降低事故率的有效途径之一,通过对上坡路段车辆运行现状分析,并参考国内外有关爬坡车道的研究成果,提出山区公路爬坡车道的设置条件和方法。     

路中型公交专用道停靠站最佳设计方法

一、引言 公共汽车作为一种大容量的交通工具,在对有限的道路资源的利用率和安全性上,有私人交通不可比拟的优越性,因此优先发展公共汽车交通已经成为解决城市交通拥挤的主要出路.路中型公交专用道通过在一定路段设置必要的物理设施和管理措施,明确各类交通流(行人、自行车、机动车、公共汽车等)的通行空间,尽量减少相互的干扰,从而提高公共汽车在路段的行驶车速,在各种专用道形式中被认为是较优方案.然而,目前对路中型公交专用道停靠站的布设方法缺少相关的分析,本文首先通过建立以公交车车均延误为目标的分析模型和交通仿真分析手段论证了其停靠站的最佳位置;进而对停靠站进行了详细的交通设计,保证乘客进出公交站台的安全与便捷.基于上述两个方面的考虑,达到减少公交车在停靠站的延误和乘客进出站台的延误,最大限度发挥出公交专用道的实施效果.     

深圳市开展城市交通综合治理

<正> 深圳市最近决定在全市范围内开展城市交通综合治理行动,治理的主要内容有:①改造笋岗路、上步路、文锦路等3条主干道.同时开辟3条公交专用道;②对全市22个重要路口进行拓宽改造,适当增加人行天桥,提高主要路段和道口的通行能力;③继续限制营运中小巴的发展,实行淘汰减量;④严格控制摩托车发展.停止摩托车上牌,     

天津友谊路钢拱桥总体设计

一、工程概况 伴随天津城市快速路系统的建设,天津的交通能力得到质的提高,为城市经济快速发展提供了新的动力,赋予城市更多的大都市内涵.     

浦江隧道通行无轨电车5周年

在隧道中通行无轨电车,世界上仅有4处,而上海采用硬性悬吊则为第1家,做到了安全运行。     

厦门市快速路网规划与思考

快速路网是城市交通系统中重要的组成部分,该文对厦门市快速路网规划思路、总体规模和关键通道规模的确定、具体规划方案、定量评价方法等进行介绍,并总结厦门市快速路网规划的几点经验,可供类似组团型城市快速路网规划提供参考.     

一则关于“学习评价”的课例剖析

职业院校"学习评价"是以学生为主体,以某个专业的知识、技能和标准等为考核内容,运用适当的方法对学生的知识能力、技术能力和社会发展能力进行综合评价的手段,本文以PLC编程与控制技术训练课程中,交通路口信号灯黄灯闪烁训练项目为例,对每个训练环节"学习评价"的具体内容进行了剖析。     

An evaluation of stakeholder capacity in the implementation of millenium village primary school meal project

The paper focused on evaluation of stakeholder capacity to implement the millennium village primary school meal project in Kenya. The study which was anchored on the stakeholder theory as well as the Context Input Process Product (CIPP) model of evaluation used mixed methods research design with ex-post facto and case study as its two research elements. The mixed methods was adopted because when both qualitative and quantitative approaches are used in a single study, the strengths of both produce a research synergy in which the collective benefits are greater than what is obtained from either approach when used alone. A sample size of 186 participants was selected from seven (7) primary schools using stratified random sampling. The participants selected purposively included pupils, teachers, head teachers, parents, Area Education Officer (AEO) and project staff. Data was collected using questionnaires, face to face interview guide, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and document analysis guide. The study findings indicated that the project was implemented with great success as indicated by stakeholders’ capacity to understand project objectives, their involvement in project planning and implementation and their positive attitude towards the project. This has contribute to poverty reduction in the community through the project and sustainable approaches for project implementation.     

Application of an organizational evaluation capacity self-assessment instrument to different organizations: Similarities and lessons learned

Organizational evaluation capacity (EC) has received significant attention in the evaluation research literature in the past decade. Much of the focus has been on defining organizational evaluation capacity, which can be thought of as the competencies and structures required to conduct high-quality evaluation studies (capacity to do), as well as the organization's ability to integrate evaluation findings into its decision-making processes (capacity to use). This paper seeks to contribute to this growing body of knowledge through a multiple case study of EC across three different organizations (e.g., non-profit, provincial government and federal government, herein named sectors); the novelty of this particular study is that each case study is based on the use of a common measurement tool developed by Bourgeois, Toews, Whynot and Lamarche (2013). The cross-case analysis presented in the paper reveals that evaluation capacity tends to be higher, both in terms of capacity to do and capacity to use, in organizations that have developed systematic mechanisms to institute an evaluation culture within their walls. Interestingly, however, we also found that capacity to use does not first require capacity to do, as evidenced in the non-profit organization under study.     

Understanding the factors that influence health promotion evaluation: The development and validation of the evaluation practice analysis survey

The demand for improved quality of health promotion evaluation and greater capacity to undertake evaluation is growing, yet evidence of the challenges and facilitators to evaluation practice within the health promotion field is lacking. A limited number of evaluation capacity measurement instruments have been validated in government or non-government organisations (NGO), however there is no instrument designed for health promotion organisations. This study aimed to develop and validate an Evaluation Practice Analysis Survey (EPAS) to examine evaluation practices in health promotion organisations. Qualitative interviews, existing frameworks and instruments informed the survey development. Health promotion practitioners from government agencies and NGOs completed the survey (n = 169). Principal components analysis was used to determine scale structure and Cronbach’s α used to estimate internal reliability. Logistic regression was conducted to assess predictive validity of selected EPAS scale. The final survey instrument included 25 scales (125 items). The EPAS demonstrated good internal reliability (α > 0.7) for 23 scales. Dedicated resources and time for evaluation, leadership, organisational culture and internal support for evaluation showed promising predictive validity. The EPAS can be used to describe elements of evaluation capacity at the individual, organisational and system levels and to guide initiatives to improve evaluation practice in health promotion organisations.     

Experiments in evaluation capacity building: Enhancing brain disorders research impact in Ontario

This paper is the introductory paper on a forum on evaluation capacity building for enhancing impacts of research on brain disorders. It describes challenges and opportunities of building evaluation capacity among community-based organizations in Ontario involved in enhancing brain health and supporting people living with a brain disorder. Using an example of a capacity building program called the “Evaluation Support Program”, which is run by the Ontario Brain Institute, this forum discusses multiple themes including evaluation capacity building, evaluation culture and evaluation methodologies appropriate for evaluating complex community interventions. The goal of the Evaluation Support Program is to help community-based organizations build the capacity to demonstrate the value that they offer in order to improve, sustain, and spread their programs and activities. One of the features of this forum is that perspectives on the Evaluation Support Program are provided by multiple stakeholders, including the community-based organizations, evaluation team members involved in capacity building, thought leaders in the fields of evaluation capacity building and evaluation culture, and the funders.     

Accommodating diverse clients' needs in evaluation capacity building: A case study of the Tobacco Control Evaluation Center

In this case study, we detail and analyze how the Tobacco Control Evaluation Center (TCEC), an evaluation technical assistance center that serves approximately 100 local tobacco control organizations in California, endeavors to build capacity among the state-funded local providers it serves by using evaluation capacity building activities with an utilization-focused evaluation framework. We call this a "blended approach" and describe these methods. Satisfaction and demand for TCEC services are documented to provide measurements for evaluation capacity building. Final evaluation report scores from two intervention cycles (2004-2007 and 2007-2010) submitted to the California Health Department, Tobacco Control Division are also assessed and compared. These measures demonstrate an increase in evaluation capacity by local projects under TCEC's purview.     

Valuing and embracing complexity: How an understanding of complex interventions needs to shape our evaluation capacities building initiatives

This paper describes some of the main challenges of evaluating complex interventions, as well as the implications of such challenges for evaluation capacity building. It discusses lessons learned from a case study of an evaluation of Dancing with Parkinson’s, an organization that provides dance classes to people with Parkinson’s disease in Toronto, Canada. These implications are developed from a realist evaluation lens. Key lessons include the need to develop skills to understand program mechanisms and contexts, recognize multiple models of causality, apply mixed method designs, and ensure the successful scaling up and spread of an intervention.     

Assessing manual lifting tasks based on segment angle interpolations

This study investigates the effects of the number of interpolation points on the prediction accuracy of segment angle trajectory during lifting. Ten participants performed various lifting tasks while a motion tracking system recorded their movements. Two-point through ten-point equal time-spaced segment angles extracted from major segment trajectory data captured by the motion tracking system were used to re-generate the whole body lifting motion by using polynomial and cubic spline interpolation methods. The root mean square error (RMSE) between the reference (motion tracking system) and the estimated (interpolation method) segment angle trajectories were calculated to quantify the prediction accuracy. The results showed that the cubic spline interpolation will yield a smaller RMSE value than one based on the polynomial interpolation. While increasing the number of interpolation points can reduce the RMSE of the estimated segment angle trajectories, there was a diminishing advantage in continuing to add interpolation points. A sensitivity analysis suggests that if the estimation of the segment angles at each interpolation point deviates considerably from the real value, and cannot be controlled at a low level (<10 (), the use of higher number of interpolation points will not improve the estimation accuracy.     

Building a community-based culture of evaluation

In this article we argue for a community-based approach as a means of promoting a culture of evaluation. We do this by linking two bodies of knowledge – the 70-year theoretical tradition of community-based research and the trans-discipline of program evaluation – that are seldom intersected within the evaluation capacity building literature. We use the three hallmarks of a community-based research approach (community-determined; equitable participation; action and change) as a conceptual lens to reflect on a case example of an evaluation capacity building program led by the Ontario Brian Institute. This program involved two community-based groups (Epilepsy Southwestern Ontarioand the South West Alzheimer Society Alliance) who were supported by evaluators from the Centre for Community Based Research to conduct their own internal evaluation. The article provides an overview of a community-based research approach and its link to evaluation. It then describes the featured evaluation capacity building initiative, including reflections by the participating organizations themselves. We end by discussing lessons learned and their implications for future evaluation capacity building. Our main argument is that organizations that strive towards a community-based approach to evaluation are well placed to build and sustain a culture of evaluation.     

Using a community-created multisite evaluation to promote evaluation use across a sector

Multisite evaluation has been cited as a strategy for building knowledge about a program's success and enhancing evaluation capacity and evaluation use. Even so, the extent to which data from these efforts are made available to individual project participants varies. This article describes a community-created multisite evaluation that was designed to overcome this limitation. Based on the negotiated centralized evaluation model and implemented within the context of a community of practice, the EvalFest community-created multisite evaluation has used shared measures to collect data from 30,000 participants from partner sites across the community over three years. This article describes the design characteristics of the community-created multisite approach, and presents results related to partners’ evaluation use that demonstrate the early success of this method. We conclude by considering how this strategy might be applied to other sectors.