甘肃省河西河东城乡居民生活事件调查分析

采用张明园等于1987年编制的生活事件量表对甘肃省不同区域2667名城乡居民的生活事件进行了调查,结果发现:(1)5%的甘肃省域居民在这一年中经历了较多的积极生活事件,约18%左右的居民遭遇了较多的消极生活事件;(2)甘肃省区域居民的生活事件居于前五位的分别是工作量明显增加、入党入团、结婚、子女出生、收入显著增减等;(3)处于不同年龄阶段的居民,居于前五位的生活事件各不相同;(4)甘肃河东河西居民居于前五位的生活事件基本一致;(5)受教育程度为小学和初中的居民,居于前五位的生活事件基本一致,而高中及高中以上受教育程度的居民居于前五位的生活事件趋于一致。     

甘肃省市县区域城乡男女居民自我和谐研究

目的:以甘肃省为例,探讨市县区域居民的自我和谐状态。方法:采取分层抽样的方法,抽取甘肃省12个市域成人居民为调查对象,运用自我和谐量表(SCCS)进行测量。结果:自我与经验的不和谐性在受教育程度上存在显著差异(P0.05);不同市域之间在自我的灵活性上存在显著差异(P0.001),这种差异在不同地区之间有不同的表现;自我的刻板性在受教育程度这个背景变量上存在显著差异(P0.05),这种差异在不同受教育程度者之间有不同的表现。结论:受教育程度(而不是性别、家庭来源)是影响自我与经验的不和谐性和自我的刻板性的重要因素;不同区域是影响自我的灵活性的重要因素。     

甘肃省市县区域城乡男女居民自我和谐研究

目的：以甘肃省为例,探讨市县区域居民的自我和谐状态。方法：采取分层抽样的方法,抽取甘肃省12个市域成人居民为调查对象,运用自我和谐量表（SCCS）进行测量。结果：自我与经验的不和谐性在受教育程度上存在显著差异（P〈0．05）;不同市域之间在自我的灵活性上存在显著差异（P〈0．001）,这种差异在不同地区之间有不同的表现;自我的刻板性在受教育程度这个背景变量上存在显著差异（P〈0．05）,这种差异在不同受教育程度者之间有不同的表现。结论：受教育程度（而不是性别、家庭来源）是影响自我与经验的不和谐性和自我的刻板性的重要因素;不同区域是影响自我的灵活性的重要因素。     

北京市居民休闲时间不平等研究

基于1996-2016年中国人民大学中国休闲经济研究中心关于北京市居民生活时间分配调查数据,发现这20年居民休闲时间不平等现象与不同受教育程度群体的休闲时间差异有关.受教育程度越高,工作时间越长,休闲时间越短;受教育程度越低,工作时间越短,休闲时间越长.群体间受教育程度的差异带来时间经济价值的不同,从而导致休闲时间的不平等以及收入的不平等,而收入的不平等又进一步加剧休闲时间的不平等.另外,受教育程度低群体的休闲时间主要来自于无业群体的非自愿休闲,从而拉大了不同受教育程度群体休闲时间的差距.     

省域居民自我刻板印象各因子比较研究

为研究省域居民自我刻板印象,采用特征形容词评定量表测试了2610名甘肃省域的城乡居民,结果发现:城乡、受教育程度、年龄组在自我刻板印象上的主效应差异显著,但性别的主效应差异不显著。城乡居民在宜人性高分特征、认真性高分特征、外倾性高分特征、开放性高分特征、神经质高分特征及神经质低分特征等方面差异显著;受教育程度不同的居民在文化特征、神经质低分特征和开放性高分特征等方面差异显著;不同年龄段的居民在宜人性高分特征、认真性高分特征、外倾性高分特征、外倾性低分特征、文化特征及神经质低分特征等方面差异显著。通过比较研究,有助于特定文化背景下区域心理学的发展以及地区之间的交流与合作。     

日本:都市的挑战

日本在经济合作与发展组织(OECD)国家中是都市化程度最高的国家之一,几乎65%的居民居住在5万以上人口的城市里.都市人口的增长率在最近30年里已跃居OECD国家的第3位.总增长数(5,280万)已超过除五国以外的OECD其他任何一国的人口总数.随着这种新的、迅速的都市     

公众对政府救灾行动满意度达98.6%

中央财经大学公布了该校社会学系在汶川地震后进行的社会调查报告。最关心救援和伤亡人数根据调查报告,民众最想知道的内容排在前两位的是救援情况(67.3%)、伤亡人数(51.8%),其次是受灾范围、余震发生情况。调查结果显示,当前公众谈论较多的地震活题前五位分别是救援情况(占68.7%)、伤亡人数(占51.5%)、受灾范围(占22.6%)、灾后重建(占18%)、捐赠情况(占16.8%)。     

对甘肃省农业结构调整的几点思考

一、甘肃省农业发展的现状及问题甘肃省地处内陆 ,历史上经济长期封闭 ,生产力水平低下 ,商品经济不发达 ,思想观念较保守 ,尤其是农村经济总体水平低 ,基础设施建设滞后且很不完备 ,重要农产品产量在全国所占比例低 ,农业商品化程度低 ,农村教育发展缓慢 ,劳动力素质不高 ,农民生活水平处于全国较低的行列。农民人均纯收入 1 978年仅为 1 0 1元 ,1 998年达到 1 3 93 .0 5元。总体水平在全国的排名仍然处于较后的位置 ,1 998年我省农业总产值处于全国 2 4位 ,人均农业总产值位于第 2 7位 ,农民人均纯收入位于第 2 8位。另外 ,我省自然条件多…     

甘肃省医疗旅游产业耦合协调的时空演化

通过构建医疗与旅游产业耦合协调指标体系,利用2011—2020年甘肃省及其部分市州的时间序列面板数据,采用熵值法与耦合协调度模型对甘肃省整体及各市州医疗与旅游产业的耦合协调水平进行评价,并分析影响因素,得出如下结论：(1)2011—2020年甘肃省医疗与旅游产业耦合协调水平稳步上升,耦合协调类型逐步从勉强协调发展至初级协调,再至中级协调;(2)甘肃省大多市州医疗与旅游产业耦合协调发展趋势较好,耦合发展类型中旅游滞后型占比最大;(3)制度规划、经济发展水平、产业联动程度、人才队伍、科技投入对两产业耦合协调发展影响较大。基于以上分析提出甘肃省推动医疗与旅游产业融合发展的相关政策建议。     

略论《诗经·国风》中的恋女形象

《诗经》中《国风》一百六十篇,占《诗经》总数的二分之一,就中几乎有半数的作品着墨于女性,描写了她们的喜、怒、哀、乐与理想追求,展示了她们的爱情生活。总观《国风》中的恋女形象,它呈现给我们的是五个不同系列的形象群。这就是: (1)大胆、坦率、泼辣的恋女;(2)天真、活泼、热情的恋女,(3)矜持、深沉、温柔的恋女,(4)胆怯、犹豫、忧怨的恋女(5)勇敢、痴情、忠贞的恋女。这五个系列的恋女形象群,前三者是我们远古的华夏民族未受礼教束缚、压抑、扭曲的女性代表,反映了汉民族女性本来的性格与气质,体现了汉民族某些固有的素质。而后二者则…     

Comparing Perceived Quality of Life in Nursing Homes and Assisted Living Facilities

Abstract

Residents 65 years old and older living in nursing homes (NH) and assisted living facilities (ALFs) were matched on a scale of functional ability: The Sickness Impact Profile for Nursing Homes (SIP-NH). Of the 97 NH and 100 ALF residents who were evaluated using the SIP-NH, 43 pairs, matched by level of disability, were formed. Each member of the 43 pairs was administered two quality of life instruments: the Ferrans and Powers Quality of Life Index (QLI), as well as a single direct question regarding quality of life. Matched pair t-tests revealed no differences in quality of life scores, contrary to the hypothesis that the matched residents in nursing homes would have perceptions of a lower quality of life than residents of assisted living facilities.     

没有公众的公共空间:北京大栅栏院落调整中的国家与个人

本文采用社会学干预的研究方法,在北京大栅栏的院落空间调整中讨论了公共空间的含义与公共重建的问题。与西方将公共空间作为具有政治或社会意义的公共生活不同,大栅栏的居民从所有权出发将公共空间定义为国家财产,又在使用中逐渐侵占并瓜分了这些在管理上被忽视的国家空间。这既是住房等公共服务欠缺的结果,也被历史形成的国家与个人关系所建构,公共空间因此充满了各类行动者在日常生活与社会实践中的互动。本文将介绍两个强干预的社会行动案例,它们分别以“孵育社会生活”和“划分公私边界”为思路进行院落空间调整实验,但前者失败,后者成功。结论部分对此进行反思并指出,公共重建需要调整空间中的国家与个人关系,并建立公共空间使用的规则。     

The occurrence of happy and traumatic events in the life of common people

Until recent times, psychology and the social sciences have paid only limited attention to the positive aspects of human life. The present article aims to review psychological and epidemiological studies about the occurrence of happy and traumatic events in the life of common people, critically discussing their findings and suggesting new research directions. Overall, it has emerged that most people report having experienced at least one traumatic event in their lives; on the other hand, moderate happy experiences may occur with a daily frequency. Unfortunately, the studies conducted thus far suffer from methodological limitations as they did not consider extremely happy events and collected data about happy and traumatic events separately. The author emphasizes the necessity to jointly investigate the prevalence of both happy and traumatic events. Hopefully, this will permit to achieve more reliable indicators of quality of life, thus contributing to increase researchers’ understanding of what makes human existence joyful and sorrowful.     

食品包装知识、态度和行为（KAP）的调研分析

对广州市部分社区居民的食品包装知识、态度及行为( KAP )进行调查,为食品安全营养健康教育提供依据。随机抽取越秀区和白云区的社区居民进行食品包装知识、态度及行为问卷调查。被调查者的食品包装知识的平均得分4.38±1.42分,其中60岁以下女性的得分最高(5.93±1.91分),60岁以上男性得分最低(3.56±1.41分),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。报纸、网络媒体或杂志是居民获得食品包装知识的主要途径。58.08%的被调查者购买食品时会仔细看包装,但也有4.04%的被调查者表示从来不看食品包装。有78.80%的被调查者认为有必要在食品包装上标注“食品包装材料”字样,仅有7.07%的被调查者能正确认知塑料包装底部的三角形标识。生产日期及保质期是被调查者最为关注的食品包装上的信息,其次是“QS”质量安全标志,配料成分是关注度排名第3的信息。被调查居民的食品包装知识得分不高,需要加强宣教和引导,普及相关知识,提高居民对食品包装的认知和科学使用。     

Psychological Distress and Help-Seeking by Residents of a Neighborhood Naturally Occurring Retirement Community (NNORC)

This article presents findings from an annual program survey of residents of a horizontal neighborhood naturally occurring retirement community (NNORC). The study explored the relationship between several factors (age, co-residents, number of chronic illnesses, self-reported health, loneliness, sense of mastery, locus of control, pain, and psychological distress) and their ability to predict general health, level of psychological distress, and the quantity and type of help-seeking behaviors. Although residents generally reported moderate to high levels of chronic disease, pain, loneliness, and concerns about life issues, 25% of them sought no help from any of the listed resources, and 65% sought help from only one of seven resources. The most common source of help for most (70%) was a primary care physician (PCP), and comparatively few respondents sought help from other sources. Older adults, especially those with chronic illness, generally consider their PCP to be the first, and perhaps only, source to consult. However, research indicates that the most effective health promotional programs for older adults are social and educational group activities, rather than individual health-focused interventions. Possible means of redirecting residents toward NNORC services include more vigorous outreach and creating collaborative partnerships between local PCPs serving older populations and the NNORC.     

Depression,Hopelessness, and Suicidal Ideation Among the Elderly

Abstract

This study attempts to compare levels of depression, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation among elderly males and females, in reference to their living arrangement, i.e., community vs. nursing homes. For many elderly people, old age is characterized by various losses: physiological, functional, social, cognitive, financial, etc. The outcomes of such losses often include, more often than not, environmental isolation, a subjective feeling of loneliness, anxiety, depression, and frequently, loss of motivation to continue living. In light of the rise in life expectancy and the multitude of losses which can be associated with the aging process, it is probable that one out of five elderly persons will spend part of his/her life in a long term care institute. Such living arrangements may have negative effects on the mental health of its residents, because placement is often accompanied by feelings of lack of control over one's own life, and inability to make decisions regarding daily issues. Elderly persons living in the community (227: 78 men, 149 women) and 91 living in nursing homes (33 men, 58 women), in both independent and frail functional status (ADL), participated in the study. Findings show significantly more hopelessness, helplessness, and depression among residents of nursing homes compared to those living in the community, differences between men and women living in both environments, and a correlation between other demographic variables and the three dependent variables of the study. The conclusions of the study indicate a need to pay interdisciplinary attention to the mental health of elderly residents of nursing homes, particularly in the preliminary stages of placement and adjustment.