西部企业的"绿色取向"

所谓企业的"绿色战略",就是在企业内部建立以节约资源、清洁生产和废弃物多层次循环综合利用等为特征的企业绿色发展机制,促进企业生态经济系统的协调有序发展.这种发展的"绿色取向",目前在西部企业中已显得非常迫切.     

看义乌如何以“亩产论英雄”

正【政策背景】5月29日,浙江义乌市印发《开展工业企业亩产效益综合评价推进资源要素配置市场化改革工作实施意见》,加快实施"腾笼换鸟、机器换人、空间换地、电商换市"和"建名企、出名品、育名家",构建亩产效益综合评价体系,发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用,实现资源要素的"合理配、优质配、合法配、高效配"。1评价体系评价范围全市范围内用地面积5亩以上的工业企业。评价指标1.规模以上工业企业评价指标:亩均税收、亩均产值、单位电耗税收、万元贷款纳税额、RD经费支出占主营业务收入比重、全员劳动生产率;     

企业绿色文化建设的战略反思

本文分析了当前我国企业绿色文化建设重"硬技术环境",轻"软管理环境"的误区和危害,提出从战略层面对企业绿色文化建设进行反思,主张企业从节约资源入手,通过实施绿色管理实现节约资源和提升效益的目标,让企业绿色文化建设落到实处。     

制造业绿色产品成本和收益计量模型

面向产品全生命周期,建立了制造业绿色产品的成本和收益计量模型,以在企业、用户、环境和社会均能满意的条件下,全面正确地评价绿色产品的成本和收益.并基于机会成本法给出了可较精确计算绿色产品社会收益的方法和效益最大化目标规划模型,从而可对拟开发绿色产品应否投产做出客观合理的评判.     

多重制度压力下"战略柔性-环境伦理"匹配对企业绿色创新路径的影响北大核心

针对绿色创新过程中企业对制度压力的异质化响应机理不明的研究缺口,本文通过模糊集质性比较研究方法(fsQCA)进行条件组合,识别了企业绿色创新过程中"制度压力-战略柔性-环境伦理"的四种匹配路径类型:被动求生型、趋利避害型、认同应变型和自发变革型路径.研究发现,在趋利避害型和自发变革型路径中,资源柔性和协调柔性互补型联动匹配可响应甚至替代制度压力.在认同应变型路径中,环境伦理可促使企业认同规范压力,并通过与战略柔性的互补联动匹配响应规范压力.在被动求生型绿色创新路径中,规范压力可替代环境伦理和战略柔性,直接促发企业绿色创新.结论揭示了制度压力、战略柔性和环境伦理三者内部及彼此间的联动匹配关系,对制度理论和动态能力理论具有理论意义,且有助于企业绿色创新和政府政策制定.     

以环保"颜色"定待遇

日前,安徽铜陵市公布了《铜陵工业企业环境行为评价管理暂行办法》,听取市民的意见和建议。根据这个暂行办法,铜陵市拟用新标准评价企业的环境保护行为,用颜色标注企业环保行为的优劣程度。今后企业的环保“颜色”若不同,其各项待遇也将不同。铜陵市拟把企业环保行为的优劣程度分为很好、好、一般、差、很差5个等级,用绿色、蓝色、黄色、红色、黑色标示。对获得绿色等级的企业将采取激励措施,比如,对连续两年获绿色等级企业,优先安排环保专项资金项目、清洁生产示范项目、循环经济试点项目等,参加各类评先评优活动可免除核查或简化审批手续…     

基于模糊理论的企业绿色营销绩效评价

绿色营销作为21世纪的一个主流营销模式正在席卷着全球,企业实施绿色营销绩效的优劣关系到企业的生存发展.本文在构建绿色营销绩效评价体系的基础上,用模糊综合评价方法对绿色营销绩效进行了实证评价.     

践行生态文明 打造美丽吴中

正近年来,吴中区紧紧围绕"美丽吴中、美在太湖"主题,坚持"发展保护两相宜,质量效益双提升"发展理念,竭力将其建成生态经济发达、生态环境优美、生态人居乐享、生态文化繁荣、生态制度健全的生态文明建设先行区。坚持生态立区,树立"发展保护"新理念牢固树立生态发展理念。今年7月31日,吴中区出台了《绿色发展规划纲要》,以绿色经济指标、绿色社会指标、绿色生     

基于创新过程的中小企业创新能力评价研究

构建了基于创新过程的中小企业创新能力评价体系,通过对我国东北地区235家中小企业的实证研究,分析我国中小企业的创新能力结构,并对其创新能力指标进行测算.对"创新绩效"和"创新过程"2类视角的企业创新能力评价研究进行了比较分析,认为定性指标和"创新过程"类评价方法更适用于中小企业的创新能力评价.构建了基于"创新过程"的中小企业创新能力评价体系,通过探测性因子分析,明确我国中小企业创新能力的结构为创新实现能力、创新推广能力和创新发起能力,构建了中小企业创新能力的评价模型.最后,应用因子分析模型测算中小企业的创新能力评价指标.     

站在"安全就是政治"的高度抓好安全工作

国家从2002年起将每年5月份开展的"安全生产周"活动改为6月份的"全国安全生产月"活动,充分说明了党和政府对安全工作的高度重视.作为煤炭企业,安全工作尤其重要,可以说"安全就是政治","安全就是效益","安全就是稳定".搞好安全工作,也是实践"三个代表"重要思想的具体体现.近年来,郑州煤电股份公司米村煤矿站在"安全就是政治"的高度来认识和对待安全工作,狠抓安全综合治理,当安全与生产、效益、改革发展矛盾时,一切为安全让道,确保了企业的安全生产.     

Analysing and Forecasting Business Cycles with the Aid of Economic Indicators

This paper provides a survey of the development and role of economic indicator analysis in measuring and analysing business cycles. Our major objective is to highlight the usefulness of leading and coincident indexes of economic activity, both for forecasting purposes and as an aid to macroeconomic policy. We show that the analysis of business cycles can be facilitated by distinguishing between classical cycles (which involve fluctuations in the level of aggregate economic activity) and growth cycles (recurring fluctuations in the rate of growth of economic activity around its trend). Many recent theoretical and empirical studies have concentrated on deviations from trend (that is, growth cycles) to the exclusion of classical cycles. We also argue for the use of a range of indicators, combined in a composite index, rather than using a single series such as gross domestic product as a proxy for the business cycle. We illustrate our survey with empirical evidence on the business cycles of the United States and Australia.     

Encouraging emergence of cross-business strategic initiatives

We explore how strategic initiatives emerge at the business unit level in the context of multi-business firms. Findings show that such initiatives create cross-business synergies in the absence of any direct intervention from the headquarters. Four factors appeared to foster the development of autonomous cross-business collaboration: a sense of urgency at the level of the firm, the existence of a few broad but strong corporate strategic guidelines, the existence of a set of cross-business integration mechanisms, and an organizational culture promoting collaboration. Our findings suggest that, in addition to developing and enforcing top-down cross-business initiatives, headquarters would benefit from acknowledging the importance of business units' local knowledge by creating an organizational environment characterized by the four conditions identified in this paper.     

Benefit Analysis for Natural Hazards

The objective of this paper is to develop the ex ante perspective for benefit analysis with natural hazards. It defines an ex ante evaluation of the economic benefits that arise from policies designed to reduce either the risk of or the detrimental effects associated with a natural hazard. In the process the paper compares the ex ante and ex post perspectives and discusses the prospects for implementing the framework by measuring the valuation concepts that are developed.     

Location still matters! How does geographic configuration influence the performance-enhancing advantages of FDI spillovers?

Although many studies on FDI spillovers either implicitly or explicitly consider the firm as a single-location entity, most countries are dominated by multi-location business groups that consist of several affiliates. Business groups and their affiliates operate in different subnational regions and vary in their responsibilities (i.e., research and development, manufacturing, and marketing & sales) as well as in their ability to coordinate internally and minimize spatial transaction costs. We argue that such variations in turn affect the ability of business groups to benefit from intra- and inter-regional FDI spillovers. We advance prior research by examining how the effects of FDI spillovers on the performance of indigenous business groups in China are influenced by 1) the location and the geographic dispersion of their portfolios of affiliates and 2) the responsibility of each affiliate. Our analysis shows that the geographic dispersion of business groups has a profound effect on how much they benefit from FDI spillovers. It also shows that business groups are particularly effective in exploiting FDI spillovers through affiliates with marketing & sales responsibilities, while affiliates with other responsibilities are not effective in doing so.     

Measuring operational excellence: an operational excellence profitability (OEP) approach

The pursuit of operational excellence in the manufacturing industry is at rise but its measurement still lacks of appropriate indicators to determine its financial benefits. The ambiguity is due to the impact arisen from manufacturing fluctuations such as price and cost, production mix and direct and indirect parameters variations. Manufacturing fluctuations distort the cost benefit of operational excellence. This paper, therefore, proposes the OEP (Operational Excellence Profitability) indicators to isolate the impact of manufacturing fluctuation and distinctly identify the payback of operational excellence strategies and initiatives through cost benefits of achieving higher efficiency and yield. The paper presents the conceptual and mathematical development of the proposed OEP indicators and the formulas used for their calculation. Hypothetical and industrial-based investigations and applications of the OEP indicators are conducted for their validation. The results obtained from the hypothetical exercise and industrial case suggest that OEP indicators can provide an effective cost-benefit analysis of operational excellence. This would contribute in providing manufacturing organizations with more complete information regarding the performance of their processes, which will allow their directors and managers to take better decisions related to the management and improvement of their processes.     

Measuring Research Performance in Business and Management Studies in the United Kingdom: The 1992 Research Assessment Exercise*

This paper presents the results of a statistical analysis of the 1992 Research Assessment Exercise (RAE92) for the 85 business and management departments in UK institutions of higher education. The aims of the paper are, first, to construct a set of quantitative indicators of research outputs and inputs which can be used by individual departments for comparative purposes and second, to investigate the extent to which variations between departments in the research rating obtained in the RAE92 can be explained by these indicators of research outputs and inputs. One of the main findings is that around 80 per cent of the variation in the research rating obtained by business and management departments are accurately predicted by a regression model that contains only a small number of regressors. These include: size of department, articles in refereed academic journals, research students and research income.     

利益细分变量研究与消费者市场细分

在当今激烈的市场竞争环境中,市场细分理论对企业市场营销活动的指导作用已为越来越多的企业所认同,并引起市场营销研究人员的关注。本文从市场细分变量入手,通过对市场细分变量的四大类型和消费者市场细分组合的多样性进行分析,并以针对国内牙膏市场上主要品牌所进行的利益细分调研为例,论述了进行利益细分研究对市场营销的指导意义。     

新宝战略三级跳

外销企业三次转型之路被称为"西征冠军"的广东新宝电器股份有限公司位于珠三角家电重镇顺德,始创于1995年。新宝专注于全球小家电市场,是中国电热水壶、咖啡壶、搅拌机、多士炉等小家电的最大出口商,全球电热水壶市场连续多年占有率第一。2011年,新宝营收约8亿美元,其中欧洲、美洲市场所占份额各为40%。新宝总裁曾展晖接受《经理人》专访时说:"总体而言,在中国的出口型小家电企业中,新宝是行业第一,比位居第二的企业在全球的市场份额要多10%。我们有4个产品线,全球产销量都是最大的,年销售电热水壶近1400万台,电     

The Business Case for Corporate Social Responsibility: A Review of Concepts, Research and Practice

In this review, the primary subject is the 'business case' for corporate social responsibility (CSR). The business case refers to the underlying arguments or rationales supporting or documenting why the business community should accept and advance the CSR 'cause'. The business case is concerned with the primary question: What do the business community and organizations get out of CSR? That is, how do they benefit tangibly from engaging in CSR policies, activities and practices? The business case refers to the bottom-line financial and other reasons for businesses pursuing CSR strategies and policies. In developing this business case, the paper first provides some historical background and perspective. In addition, it provides a brief discussion of the evolving understandings of CSR and some of the long-established, traditional arguments that have been made both for and against the idea of business assuming any responsibility to society beyond profit-seeking and maximizing its own financial well-being. Finally, the paper addresses the business case in more detail. The goal is to describe and summarize what the business case means and to review some of the concepts, research and practice that have come to characterize this developing idea.     

Disentangling the Influence of Value Predispositions and Risk/Benefit Perceptions on Support for Nanotechnology Among the American Public

Using nanotechnology as a case study, this article explores (1) how people's perceptions of benefits and risks are related to their approval of nanotechnology, (2) which information‐processing factors contribute to public risk/benefit perceptions, and (3) whether individuals’ predispositions (i.e., deference to scientific authority and ideology) may moderate the relationship between cognitive processing and risk perceptions of the technology. Results indicate that benefit perceptions positively affect public support for nanotechnology; perceptions of risk tend to be more influenced by systematic processing than by heuristic cues, whereas both heuristic and systematic processing influence benefit perceptions. People who are more liberal‐minded tend to be more affected by systematic processing when thinking about the benefits of nanotechnology than those who are more conservative. Compared to less deferent individuals, those who are more deferent to scientific authority tend to be less influenced by systematic processing when making judgments about the benefits and risks of nanotechnology. Implications are discussed.