质性研究与管理学科建设:基于工商人类学的思考

基于对国内管理学研究方法的反思,分析了偏重于“定量”的问题,同时对社会科学中经典的质性研究方法进行简要梳理,提出了加深对质性研究方法认识的必要性.科学研究的本质在于创新,原则是去伪存真,不应被研究方法桎梏.在对主流质性研究方法梳理的基础上,对人类学分支学科工商人类学进行综述.基于此,明确工商人类学在管理本土化过程中的重要作用.     

组织文化友好性对员工变革态度影响的实证研究

在回顾相关研究文献的基础上建立了假设的理论模型,并以高级管理人员培训班学员为研究对象进行了实证分析,得出有关具有审慎普适性的结论:组织文化友好性的价值层面、事实层面,以及二者之间差异分别对组织变革中员工的认知反应有正面影响;事实层面的文化友好性对组织变革中员工的行为反应具有较强的正面影响,价值层面的影响则不显著,而二者之间差异则对其具有负面影响.研究结果为组织变革中员工的态度提供了组织文化方面的解释,对于指导变革实践具有较好的参考价值.     

中国组织学习和学习型组织研究与实践的现状和发展方向

基于对中国期刊全文数据库2000年以来所发文章的搜索结果,首先,对在组织学习和学习型组织相关问题上发表的期刊论文进行了详细的统计分析,对主要研究成果进行了总结归纳.统计分析了论文的刊出时间和地区分布、研究方法、研究主题、基金资助等情况,并从组织、团队、个体多个层面深入分析了研究现状,同时提出了未来研究的发展方向.然后,基于文献上全国企业调查的结果,论述了我国企业组织学习和学习型组织实践方面的现状和发展方向.最后,指出研究领域和实践领域只有不断相互交流和共同进化,才会更好地推动我国组织学习和学习型组织领域研究与实践的持续健康发展.     

基于文化差异观的组织文化友好性和一致性对组织变革的影响

本文在组织文化的价值层面、事实层面及其两层面差异的视角上,研究组织文化友好性和一致性对组织变革的认知反应和行为反应的影响,并以我国302个中高级管理者代表的企业为样本进行实证研究。结果表明:相对于价值层面的组织文化友好性,事实层面的组织文化友好性对变革认知反应和行为都具有推动作用;两层面文化友好性的差异仅推动变革认知反应;相对于价值层面的组织文化一致性,事实层面的组织文化一致性仅对变革行为反应具有阻碍作用;两层面文化一致性的差异阻碍变革认知反应和行为反应。     

市场导向对组织创造力的非线性作用机理——组织二元结构文化与创业导向的影响研究

在我国加快实施创新驱动发展战略中,如何提升企业组织创造力以促使企业创新变得至关重要。企业战略是影响组织创造力和创新的重要情境因素。市场导向和创业导向是新兴经济体国家的企业发展的战略核心。然而,现有研究对市场导向与企业创造性产出之间关系的观点却不一致。创业导向如何影响市场导向对组织创造力的作用也尚未得到关注和研究。本研究以145家企业的979份高层管理人员与核心员工的套问卷数据为样本,研究发现：市场导向对组织创造力产生倒U型影响,且倒U型影响通过二元结构文化（一致性文化与适应性文化）的不同传导机制而产生,即：一致性文化在市场导向与组织创造力之间正向中介效应随市场导向的增强而减弱,并在高度市场导向时转变为负向中介效应,而适应性文化在市场导向和组织创造力之间发挥部分中介效应。研究还发现：市场导向对组织创造力的倒U型影响受创业导向的调节作用,即：当创业导向较高时,市场导向对组织创造力的积极影响随市场导向的增强而逐渐增强,反之,则逐渐减弱。研究结论为提升企业组织创造力提供新的思路和理论参考。     

A Note on the Growth of Research in Service Operations Management

We present an empirical assessment of the productivity of individuals and institutions in terms of service operations management (SOM) research. We reviewed five mainstream operations management journals over a 17‐year time period to generate a sample of 463 articles related to service operations. The results indicate that SOM research has been growing and key contributions are being made by an array of researchers and institutions.     

组织文化、知识转移与新服务开发绩效:城市商业银行案例

本文是城市商业银行新服务开发的一项比较案例研究。新服务开发活动中,组织文化会影响组织内员工知识转移行为,而员工知识转移行为会影响新服务开发绩效。本文确认了地域性中小金融服务企业情境下它们之间的因果关系,并得到其具体影响方式,构建了一个三者之间相互作用的综合模型。     

不同组织文化中影响领导者有效性的性格因素研究

本文以领导理论研究为基础,以组织文化为控制变量,以领导者的绩效为因变量,以领导者的性格特征为自变量,对来自六家不同企业的118名中层管理者为研究对象进行了问卷研究,并用多元回归的统计方法分析了不同组织文化下领导者的绩效与领导者性格特征的关系,结果表明,在革新导向型文化中,卡特尔十六项人格因素中的“幻想性”和“独立性”、八项次级人格因素中的“创造能力个性因素”等三项性格与领导者绩效有显著的正相关;在支持导向型文化中,卡特尔十六项人格因素中的“乐群性”、“情绪稳定性”以及“世故性”等三项性格因素与领导者绩效有显著的正相关;在目标导向型文化中,卡特尔十六项人格因素中的“有恒性”和“自律性”与领导者绩效有显著的正相关。据此可以说明,在不同的组织文化中,对有效领导者所需要具备的性格特征的要求是不同的。     

Motivating Operations in the Journal of Organizational Behavior Management: Review and Discussion of Relevant Articles

Every article published in the Journal of Organizational Behavior Management from 1982 through 2012 that contained the term motivating operation (or a related term) was examined. Seventy-six articles used a relevant term. Authors used the term in attempts to categorize and explain the behavioral effects of many aspects of interventions (e.g., rules, feedback, goal-setting), everyday occurrences in organizations (e.g., nicotine deprivation, top management support), and characteristics of behaving individuals (e.g., optimism, personality state), which on the one hand suggests that the motivating operation concept has been of value in organizational behavior management research as published in the journal. On the other hand, none of the articles demonstrated the successful use of a motivating operation as the term was initially defined, which suggests that the MO concept has been substantially expanded or widely misused by authors of the evaluated articles.     

组织行为研究的新领域:积极行为研究述评及展望

新的竞争时代呼唤新的员工行为。在对传统行为研究与管理实践进行评论的基础上,介绍了组织行为学研究的新领域——积极行为,从概念发展、分类问题、测量工具、理论基础、前因及后果研究等方面做了述评,对文献中存在的问题进行了分析,并结合中国传统文化特征提出了若干研究建议。     

自我效能感研究综述——组织行为学发展的新趋势

近年来,自我效能感在组织行为学领域的地位日益凸显。首先,回顾和剖析了国内外关于自我效能感本质、内涵认识、形成机制和组织行为影响机制的研究成果。然后,在此基础上,对自我效能感在组织行为学前沿领域的应用和发展进行了前瞻性的分析和展望。     

企业文化、组织学习、创新管理对组织创新能力影响的实证研究

通过文献探讨构建理论模型,运用江苏省103家的有效问卷调查数据,研究企业文化与组织学习对组织创新能力累计是否具有影响力,并以创新管理作为条件变量导入上述因果模式中,验证其对原有影响力是否有增强效果。研究表明,企业文化与组织学习均与创新能力显著正相关,而创新管理与创新能力微弱相关;在企业文化与创新能力关系中,导入创新管理3层面后,对原有影响力有增强作用;在组织学习与创新能力关系中,加入创新管理3层面后,对原有影响力有减弱作用。     

Organizational climate and burnout in a New Zealand social service agency

Abstract

A two-phase study was conducted on the relationship between organizational climate variables and burnout among personnel in a multifunction community service agency. Initial interviews with a small pilot sample identified major sources of stress, which were then incorporated into a second-phase questionnaire to all staff. Multiple regression analyses illustrated that perceived interactions between head office administrators and sections of the agency contributed significantly to emotional exhaustion, whereas perceptions of within-section interactions and involvement in decision-making had a positive impact on personal accomplishment. Perceived communication levels, however, were negatively related to personal accomplishment. The findings suggest the importance of organizational variables and highlight strategies for burnout reduction and effective stress management in human service organizations.     

Organizational climate and burnout in a New Zealand social service agency

A two-phase study was conducted on the relationship between organizational climate variables and burnout among personnel in a multifunction community service agency. Initial interviews with a small pilot sample identified major sources of stress, which were then incorporated into a second-phase questionnaire to all staff. Multiple regression analyses illustrated that perceived interactions between head office administrators and sections of the agency contributed significantly to emotional exhaustion, whereas perceptions of within-section interactions and involvement in decision-making had a positive impact on personal accomplishment. Perceived communication levels, however, were negatively related to personal accomplishment. The findings suggest the importance of organizational variables and highlight strategies for burnout reduction and effective stress management in human service organizations.     

Organizational identity in acculturation in cross-border acquisitions: Implications for HRD practitioners in global M&A

The purpose of this study is to explore the role of organizational identity in acculturation, or organizational culture development, between the acquired and the acquiring organizations during a cross-border acquisition. The goal is to identify how long-term and short-term employees identify with the acquired organization, and the implications for acculturation for both groups. It is also to help identify implications for Human Resource Development Practitioners in this process. The long-term employees (more than seven years) of the acquired organization identified more strongly with the organization than the short-term (three or less years) employees in this study. The short-term employees seemed to welcome the acquiring Multinational Company (MNC), and readily adapted to their multicultural identity, while long-term employees were more concerned with maintaining the reputation of the original organization. The study provides Human Resource Development (HRD) practitioners with a better understanding of how and why organizational identity is an important aspect to consider in the acculturation process in cross-border mergers and acquisitions. It also provides insight into how to work with organizational identity with acquired organizations in integration and adaptation to the new organization by understanding the differences in organizational identity of long-term and short-term employees in India.     

一种新的管理范式——基于研究证据的管理

在分析经验、理论的可错性基础上,指出了现行管理的问题;在吸收当代美国学者研究成果的基础上,通过移植溯因推理和双环学习概念,开发了一种将具体组织作为实验对象的新管理范式--基于研究证据的管理;认为基于研究证据的管理是企业做大、做强的基础,是管理者胜任力提高的有效途径.基于管理的本质特征和其所隐含的逻辑机制,论证了新管理范式的有效性;对实施基于研究证据的管理的难点做了较系统的分析,指出加强"元技能"的培养是推广该范式的有效途径.     

A Retrospective Look at Production and Operations Management Articles on New Product Development

We present a retrospective look at the articles on New Product Development that appeared in the first 50 issues of Production and Operations Management (POM). We discuss some of the strengths and weaknesses of this POM literature stream. This article is not intended to be a literature review or an exhaustive review of the articles. Rather, we seek to identify new opportunities for rigorous and relevant research, research that has the potential of differentiating and enhancing POM within the Operations Management literature.     

东方管理研究:理论回顾与发展方向

在对CSSCI期刊104篇论文分析的基础上,回顾了东方管理研究自1994~2008的成果和理论发展情况,总结了东方管理在研究内容、研究方法上存在的主要问题,阐明了东方管理研究面临的挑战。东方管理的研究需要从科学性、艺术性和道德性3个层面,重点研究东方人文社会情景下的“人”和“组织”的问题,重视规范的实证和案例研究,加强国际化交流,构成东方管理对普世管理学的贡献。