The Predicament of Population Aging: A Review Essay*

Ken Dychtwald, Age Power: How the 21st Century Will Be Ruled by the New Old Richard Leete (ed.), Dynamics of Values in Fertility Change Donald T. Critchlow, Intended Consequences: Birth Control, Abortion, and the Federal Government in Modern America Bernard Jeune and James W. Vaupel (eds.), Validation of Exceptional Longevity     

Rocky Mountain Visions: A Review Essay*

George J. Borjas, Heaven's Door: Immigration Policy and the American Economy Douglas S. Massey, Joaquin Arango, Graeme Hugo, Ali Kouaouci, Adela Pellegrino, Aistd J. Edward Taylor, Worlds in Motion: Understanding International Migration at the End of the Millennium Alison Games, Migration and the Origins of the English Atlantic World Joseph P. Ferrie, Yankeys Now: Immigrants in the Antebellum United States 1840–1860 Francine M. Deutsch, Halving It All: How Equally Shared Parenting Works     

Limits to Growth Revisited: A Review Essay*

Robert William Fogel The Escape from Hunger and Premature Death, 1700–2100: Europe, America, and the Third World E. A. Wrigley Poverty, Progress, and Population Tomas Frejka and Jean ‐Paul Sardon Childbearing Trends and Prospects in Low‐Fertility Countries: A Cohort Analysis Roderic Beaujot and Don Kerr Population Change in Canada (second edition) Wolfgang Lutz , Warren C. Sanderson , and Sergei Scherbov (eds. ) The End of World Population Growth in the 21st Century: New Challenges for Human Capital Formation and Sustainable Development Emmanuel Todd After the Empire: The Breakdown of the American Order, translated by C. Jon Delogu     

Population and Progress in the Middle Ages: A Review Essay*

Book reviewed in this Article: Julian L. Simon, The Great Breakthrough and Its Cause, edited by Timur Kuran Angela Hattery, Women, Work, and Family: Balancing and Weaving John I. Clarke, The Human Dichotomy: The Changing Numbers of Males and Females Giovanni Andrea Cornia and Renato Paniccia (Eds.), The Mortality Crisis in Transitional Economies Caleb E. Finch, James W. Vaupel, and Kevin Kinsella (Eds.), Cells and Surveys: Should Biological Measures Be Included in Social Science Research?     

Does Population Matter? A Review Essay*

Books reviewed in this article: Andrew Mason (Ed.), Population Change and Economic Development in East Asia: Challenges Met, Opportunities Seized Emma Rothschild, Economic Sentiments: Adam Smith, Condorcet, and the Enlightenment Klaus M. Leisinger, Karin Schmitt, and Rajul Pandya‐Lorch, Six Billion and Counting: Population Growth and Food Security in the 21st Century Barry Bogin, The Growth of Humanity Nigel Harris, Thinking the Unthinkable: The Immigration Myth Exposed     

In Defense of Death and the Shorter,Sweeter Life: A Review Essay*

Books reviewed in this issue. Nancy Folbre
Greed, Lust and Gender: A History of Economic Ideas Joel Mokyr
The Enlightened Economy: An Economic History of Britain, 1700–1850 Robert M. Milardo
The Forgotten Kin: Aunts and Uncles Nathan Keyfitz and Hal Caswell
Applied Mathematical Demography (Third Edition) SHORT REVIEWS Paul Collier
The Plundered Planet: Why We Must—and How We Can—Manage Nature for Global Prosperity Marcia C. Inhorn , Tine Tjornhoj‐ Thomsen , Helene Goldberg , and Maruska la Cour Mosegaard (eds. )
Reconceiving the Second Sex: Men, Masculinity, and Reproduction Elizabeth L. Krause
Unraveled: A Weaver's Tale of Life Gone Modern Fred Pearce
The Coming Population Crash: And Our Planet's Surprising Future Vaclav Smil
Why America Is Not a New Rome Joel P. Trachtman
The International Law of Economic Migration: Toward the Fourth Freedom US Department of Agriculture , Economic Research Service Food Security Assessment, 2010–20 Vienna Yearbook of Population Research 2009 (David Coleman and Dalkhat Ediev , Guest editors )
Special Issue on “Impact of Migration on Demographic Change and Composition in Europe”     

So Many Civilizations,So Few Pages: A Review Essay*

Books reviewed in this article: Christian Joppke Selecting by Origin: Ethnic Migration in the Liberal State Douglas S. Massey and J. Edward Taylor (EDS.) International Migration: Prospects and Policies in a Global Market United Nations Research Institute For Social Development Gender Equality: Striving for Justice in an Unequal World International Organization For Migration Arab Migration in a Globalized World     

When Numbers Began to Count for Health Policy: A Review Essay*

Books reviewed in this article: Jack M. Hollander , The Real Environmental Crisis: Why Poverty, Not Affluence, Is the Environment's Number One Enemy Glenn Firebaugh , The New Geography of Global Income Inequality Nancy E. Riley and James Mccarthy , Demography in the Age of the Postmodern Catherine Campbell , ‘Letting Them Die’: Why HIV/AIDS Intervention Programmes Fail Konstantinos Kapparis , Abortion in the Ancient World     

中国低生育水平下的生育意愿与生育行为差异研究

在国家实行全面两孩政策背景下,认清生育意愿与生育行为的差异,是把握中国未来人口形势变化的关键。文章利用2010年以来的四次全国性抽样调查原始数据,对中国育龄人群的生育意愿与生育行为的差异及影响因素进行分析。研究发现:中国目前意愿生育水平在1.82~1.88的区间范围内,其点估计值在1.86左右,已显著低于更替水平;越年轻的出生队列其生育意愿越低,中国未来的意愿生育水平可能会继续降低;育龄人群的意愿生育水平要显著高于其终身生育水平,且二者差异随年龄的减小呈递增趋势,中国未来生育水平存在进一步下降的可能性;没有生育政策限制下的终身生育水平仅为1.68,这可以作为生育政策调整对中国生育水平影响的上限。生育政策对当前育龄人群生育意愿与生育水平差异的贡献度在33%左右,全面两孩政策对中国生育水平的提升作用有限。     

民族间农民生育行为的比较研究--来自湖北省418户农户家庭的调查

文章通过对湖北省400多个农户点面调查分析发现,随着时代变迁,受教育程度的提高,农民的婚育行为发生着显著变化。主要表现为初婚年龄明显反弹,婚育间隔明显缩小,而生育间隔则受计划生育国策影响一度出现“人为”缩短痕迹。但在经过一段时间适应后,生育间隔再度回归“自然”。尽管在许多方面,民族间的婚育行为比较一致,但也存在不少差异。主要表现在苗族、土家族等少数民族女性初婚年龄要显著早于汉族,而平均婚育间隔与生育间隔则长于汉族。教育对农民的婚育行为有明显影响,主要表现为初婚年龄随受教育年限的增加而明显推后,生育数量的期望明显减少。     

女性权益、社会地位与生育选择:相关文献评述

近年来随着发达国家及部分发展中国家生育水平的持续下降,女性社会地位对生育行为的影响得到越来越多的关注。本文旨在从五个方面(子女数量、生育意愿、性别偏好、生育间隔和堕胎)对近几十年来国外人口学领域有关女性权益和社会地位对生育选择影响的研究进行系统的梳理和评述,以廓清女性社会地位的概念、测度方法和现有实证研究的主要发现,从而为该领域下一步的研究尤其是探讨中国背景下女性社会地位对生育行为的影响提供文献上的借鉴。通过文献服务检索系统、数据库和科学网站进行文献检索,列出文献清单,对研究设计、研究数据、女性社会地位测量、自变量、因变量以及结果进行审查编辑,排除写作质量不高、研究不规范的论文,通过逐层筛选最终确定了68篇文章。基本结论是:生育选择是个人偏好和社会结构性影响共同作用的结果,女性的社会地位会同时影响女性生育意愿、生育性别偏好以及最终的生育决策。女性社会地位越高,子女数量越少,在生育决策方面越具有话语权,生育意愿越低。社会地位较高的女性一般会拥有更好的避孕意识,农村地区的女性生育意愿要显著高于城市地区的女性;女性社会地位越低,生育间隔就越长,越偏向于生育男孩,越容易发生堕胎。