发挥民间组织在救助社会弱势群体中的作用

朱镕基总理在九届五次人大《政府工作报告》中,第一次使用了“弱势群体”这个词。由此可见,我国政府已经把解决城市弱势群体的问题放到极其重要的位置。实际上,城市弱势群体问题是一个综合性的社会问题。解决这一问题,政府是主力军,但是仅靠政府的力量是远远不够的。民间组织作为解决城市弱势群体问题的一支力量,已经引起人们越来越多的关注。民间组织在救助社会弱势群体中的优势何在?目前中国民间组织的发展主要受到哪些方面的制约?本文作者就这两个问题阐述了自己的观点。     

弱势群体体育健身的价值基础与机制研究

弱势群体是当前中国社会生活中存在的一个不容忽视的问题,发展弱势群体的健身体育活动,对社会政治、经济、文化等的健康发展具有重要的意义和作用。在此基础上,本文将进一步对弱势群体体育健身的运行机制进行探讨。     

社会经济发展中的弱势群体及其社会支持

社会弱势群体是一个具有相对性和比较性特征的概念 ,该群体的成员是社会福利和社会保护的对象 ,并且是任何时代任何社会都存在的一种普遍现象。本文以浙江省为个案 ,认为在社会经济发展水平领先的地区也不能漠视弱势群体的存在 ,弱势群体问题的解决不是一个自然的过程。随着弱势群体问题日益成为新世纪影响社会稳定的一个重要因素 ,建构弱势群体社会支持系统的任务越来越紧迫。为此 ,作者以浙江为例 ,对弱势群体支持系统的构成与机制进行了分析 ,对弱势群体能获得的社会支持程度与经济社会发展水平的关联进行了论证     

试论关注社会弱势群体的现实意义及措施

社会弱势群体问题已引起全社会的普遍关注。为了巩固党的执政地位,增加社会公平,保持社会稳定,健康有序地促进社会和谐发展,我们必须充分认识关注社会弱势群体的现实意义,并采取积极措施解决社会弱势群体问题,以构筑更加和谐、稳定的社会发展环境。     

试论正确处理弱势群体权利保护中的几种关系

在弱势群体权利保护过程中,弱势群体的利益是否会与公共利益发生冲突?公共权力能否干涉弱势群体的权利?救助弱势群体是否只是社会的责任?在宪政法治条件下是否需要法制强权?要解决这些问题,必须以构建社会主义“和谐社会”作为时代背景,正确处理弱势群体利益与公共利益的关系;弱势群体权利与公共权力的关系;自我救助与社会救助的关系;宪政法治与法制强权的关系。     

宪政视野中的弱势群体权利保护

在法学解释中,弱势群体实质就是权利弱势群体。宪政的主题是限制国家权力,保障公民权利,因此弱势群体问题属于宪政的重要内容。平等权是弱势群体的基本权利,宪法救济对于弱势群体权利保护具有重要意义。     

关于我国社会弱势群体的伦理思考

弱势群体是在社会经济利益和权力的分配中处于相对不利的地位,在政治、经济和文化生活中的影响力相对下降,成为整个社会需要同情和关爱的对象群体。在追求共同富裕的社会主义中国,他们的生活现状处于道德的尴尬状态。如果无视或漠视弱势群体的利益势必给社会的发展和进步带来道德的危害。鉴于此,必须贯彻以人为本、公平正义、人人共享社会发展成果的执政道德理念;选择并设计好扶助弱势群体的道德制度;营造一个扶助弱势群体的道德大环境;增强弱势群体主体适应竞争社会的技能与信心。     

和谐社会视阈中弱势群体的生成机制和利益机制探析

关注、解决弱势群体问题对于建设社会主义和谐社会具有重大而深远的影响。就目前中国的弱势群体现象而言,其生成机制与新时期市场经济取向的改革有很大的关系,是在改革中伴随着利益调整而衍生的。构建一个完整的弱势群体利益机制是当前从根本上解决这一问题的关键所在,而这一机制的构建主要包括以下三个环节:弱势群体利益表达机制、弱势群体利益协调和维护机制、弱势群体利益激励和实现机制。     

转型期中国社会弱势群体研究综述

我国目前所处的社会结构转型和经济 结构转轨的过程,是大量社会问题得以出现 的主要原因之一。而随着近年来关注弱势群体呼声的高涨,使得一时间被大多数人忽视的弱势群体的问题浮出水面。从中央到地方各级政府的工作报告和"帮扶弱势群体工程"的实施,以及各大媒体对弱势群体的大量报道,无一不显现出社会对弱势群体的关注。     

论新时期社区弱势群体思想政治工作的创新

创新是新时期加强和改进社区弱势群体思想政治工作的动力之源。我们应以社区建设为主旨 ,在社区弱势群体思想政治工作的观念上创新 ;应以集体主义教育为核心 ,在社区弱势群体思想政治工作的内容上创新 ;应“以人为本” ,在社区弱势群体思想政治工作的方法上创新 ;要适应科学化、现代化要求 ,在社区弱势群体思想政治工作的队伍建设上创新。从而努力开创新局面 ,为切实做好社区弱势群体的帮扶工作 ,促进社区建设 ,维护社会稳定提供强有力的保障。     

构建贫困弱势群体医疗救助体系的探析

改革开放以来,我国经济社会取得了长足发展。与此同时,各个群体产生利益分化和群体分化,形成了贫困弱势群体。由于缺乏必要的医疗保障。贫困弱势群体看病贵、看病难问题已经成为经济社会可持续发展的障碍,进而成为构建和谐社会的障碍。本文将对其医疗保障的现状进行描述,分析缺乏医疗保障的成因,提出针对贫困弱势群体的医疗保障问题,需要建立一个多层次的医疗救助体系。     

天津市居民住房保障体系的现状及趋势分析

解决中低收入人群的住房问题不仅是解决房产领域诸多问题的关键,更是稳定社会领域各方利益的要求。住房保障制度的根本出发点也是希望通过解决社会弱势群体基本的住房问题来缓解社会各阶层之间的矛盾。住房保障制度是实现房地产市场持久繁荣的基础。更是维护社会整体稳定的有效方法。天津住房保障工作已初见成效,还有许多需要改进和完善的方面。     

论弱势群体的社会法保护

弱势群体的大量存在引发一系列的社会问题,成为构建和谐社会的一大障碍。社会法作为兼具公法与私法双重属性的第三法域,可以为弱势群体提供最佳的保护。我国保护弱势群体的法律制度还不健全,对弱势群体的保护仍存在不足,应进一步完善社会法,向弱势群体倾斜,保障和促进弱势群体享有劳动权、社会保障权、结社权等各项基本人权。     

社会工作的开展与弱势群体救助

社会工作以助人自助为宗旨，在弱势群体的救助中起着举足轻重的作用，而弱势群体的存在又促进了社会工作的不断发展。作为一种专业助人活动，社会工作在救助弱势群体领域有着无法比拟的先天优越性，因此我们应当在借鉴西方成功经验的基础上，立足于我国实际情况，尽快完善以社会组织和个人为主的社会支持系统，使我国社会工作在弱势群体救助领域沿着更加科学更加专业的路径发展。     

教育公平实现中弱势群体利益补偿机制的政策分析

“探讨弱势群体的教育利益补偿,促进教育公平”是当前教育政策研究的重要议题,这是基于我国社会现实的强烈吁求、教育公平的理性诉求和公共政府的责任使然。教育政策作为政府对社会全体成员的教育权益进行权威性分配的方案,在教育公平实现过程中扮演着重要角色,已成为教育领域弱势群体利益分配和补偿的主要手段。转变理念,民主决策,合理表达弱势群体的教育利益;明确教育政策补偿的构件,加强弱势群体补偿的针对性;加强教育政策补偿的执行力度,积极促成教育公平的实现,成为教育领域弱势群体利益补偿机制的建构策略。     

A Psychology of Immigration

The discipline of psychology has much to contribute to our understanding of immigrants and the process of immigration. A framework is proposed that lays out two complementary domains of psychological research, both rooted in contextual factors, and both leading to policy and program development. The first (acculturation) stems from research in anthropology and is now a central part of cross- cultural psychology; the second (intergroup relations) stems from sociology and is now a core feature of social psychology. Both domains are concerned with two fundamental issues that face immigrants and the society of settlement: maintenance of group characteristics and contact between groups. The intersection of these issues creates an intercultural space, within which members of both groups develop their cultural boundaries and social relationships. A case is made for the benefits of integration as a strategy for immigrants and for multiculturalism as a policy for the larger society. The articles in this issue are then discussed in relation to these conceptual frameworks and empirical findings.     

Risk, Contingency and the Third Way: Evidence from the BHPS and Qualitative Studies

New Labour's "Third Way" in welfare derives its intellectual underpinning from "risk society" theory as developed in the UK by Anthony Giddens. The theory suggests that the crucial changes affecting citizens of modern societies are globalization, the post-traditional social order and social reflexivity. These changes lead people to question authority and to wish to take greater responsibility for meeting their needs. Applied to welfare, the analysis suggests a diminution in the role of government, greater proactivity by citizens and subsidiarity favouring community groups and also the private sector. It buttresses Third Way calls for "no rights without responsibility" and "equality of opportunity, not equality of outcome". This paper reports qualitative and quantitative research which indicates that the risks of modern social life are experienced differently by different social groups. Risk society theories assume value consensus. They understand social change to have a common impact across society, leading to a common response, and direct attention away from the particular needs and aspirations of more vulnerable groups. The risk society thesis is class ideology masquerading as social theory: it serves the interests of those already privileged in a more flexible society by obscuring the needs and aspirations of the more vulnerable, who already bear most of the burdens of social change.     

Uncertainty, Trust and Pensions: The Case of the Current UK Reforms

Trust is valuable in facilitating social cooperation and is often thought to be helpful in the running of a complex modern welfare state. However, a number of sociologists, psychologists and political scientists have recently argued that trust in social institutions is in decline. One approach argues that the issue is compounded by a shift towards a more active and discriminating trust as part of a social transition towards a more reflexive society, and goes on to suggest that people often choose to place their active trust in non‐state provision. This paper examines recent quantitative and qualitative evidence on trust in state and non‐state pensions in the UK, as a context where current policy developments throw the general issues into sharp relief. It shows that patterns of trust in this setting can be understood in active terms, but that social divisions remain important in determining how active trust operates in practice. More vulnerable groups put their trust in the state, through lack of an alternative, while more confident and better‐off groups tend to pursue investment strategies which they believe will give them more individual control over their money. Social divisions remain important during current social transitions, and often receive less attention than they merit in theoretical writing.     

发展型社会政策视角下的残疾人福利研究

残疾人是社会中的弱势群体。对残疾人的关爱程度体现着一个社会的文明和发展程度。在党和国家领导人的高度重视下,我国残疾人事业取得了较大的发展。但仍滞后于社会经济发展水平,主要体现在福利水平仍局限在保障残疾人最低限度生活的经济救济上,而对促进残疾人发展的教育和就业扶持不够。笔者从发展型社会政策视角出发对残疾人问题进行较为深入的探讨,提出要建立关爱残疾人的长效机制,鼓励投资于残疾人教育和职业培训的社会支持模式,以试图为残疾人社会问题的解决提供一个崭新的思路和途径。     

A comment on ‘Climate change: Social workers’ roles and contributions to policy debates and interventions'

Peeters J. A comment on ‘Climate change: Social workers’ roles and contributions to policy debates and interventions' In this commenting article, I present several critical remarks about Lena Dominelli's contribution to the issue of climate change and its implications for social work. 1 In my view, her article lacks three important considerations. First, I argue that the issue of climate change should be addressed as part of a broader, fundamental challenge: the transition of the growth‐based economic system upon which our society is built. Second, within a context of social and ecological injustice, dealing with climate change inevitably requires a dimension of social struggle. Third and lastly, I emphasise social work's role in challenging the social, political and economic structures and processes that bring about climate change.