不同团队类型研发人员知识共享意愿激励的实证研究

构建了基于2种团队类型的企业研发人员知识共享意愿激励模型,并采用问卷调查法,运用相关分析和层级逐步回归分析对回收的339份有效问卷数据进行假设验证。研究发现:影响研发人员知识共享意愿的最大因素是属于内在激励的助人所得乐趣;无论是在职能团队还是在跨职能团队中,内在激励对研发人员知识共享意愿均有显著正向影响;团队类型对外在激励因素(组织报酬因素)与知识共享意愿关系具有显著调节作用,即在跨职能团队中外在激励对研发人员知识共享意愿有显著正向影响,而在职能团队中外在激励对知识共享意愿则呈现弱的负向影响。     

知识产权契约激励与个体知识创造行为的关系研究

知识产权契约激励对个体知识创造行为的影响决定组织知识创造的绩效.基于组织激励理论、心理学理论和行为学理论,以知识产权契约激励作为个体知识创造行为和知识心理所有权的前因变量,探讨知识产权契约激励对个体知识心理所有权和知识创造行为的直接影响以及知识心理所有权对知识产权契约激励与个体知识创造行为关系的中介作用.选取上海大众汽车一厂技术中心的研发人员为实证研究对象,采用结构方程模型实证检验R&D知识产权契约激励、附加知识产权激励、知识心理所有权与个体知识创造行为的关系.研究结果表明,R&D知识产权契约激励对个体知识创造行为具有正向作用,知识心理所有权对个体知识创造行为产生正向影响,R&D知识产权契约激励和附加知识产权激励对知识心理所有权均产生正向影响;知识心理所有权在R&D知识产权契约激励与个体知识创造行为之间起部分中介作用,而在附加知识产权激励与个体知识创造行为之间起完全中介作用.研究结果理清了知识产权契约激励、知识心理所有权与个体知识创造行为间的三者关系机理,打开了知识产权契约激励影响个体知识创造行为关系的黑箱,为知识产权契约激励的管理实践提供了重要的理论依据.     

个人/集体主义顷向与知识分享意愿之间的关系研究:知识活性的调节作用

以往对于知识共享意愿影响因素的研究并不少见,但从知识属性和组织文化层面出发的研究,以及表现在个体层面的文化倾向对知识共享的作用机理尚未缺少深入的研究.本文从知识属性和文化因素出发,以个体层面的个人主义倾向与集体主义倾向作为自变量,知识的活性程度作为调节变量,探讨了对知识分享意愿的影响.本文的实证研究表明,个人/集体主义倾向对知识分享意愿均具有显著正向作用,同时知识活性程度起到了调节作用.     

企业劳动契约的激励模型分析--一种发生在道德风险之前的逆向选择问题

分析了企业劳动契约的制定过程以及企业和员工之间的委托代理关系,企业在制定劳动契约时会面临发生在道德风险之前的逆向选择问题,将其与企业的人力资源管理实践相结合构造出相关模型,对这一委托代理模型的激励约束进行分析,认为企业作为委托人,在制定劳动契约时应该综合考虑代理人(员工)的外在机会效用水平、内生成本函数、效用偏好函数和努力水平等激励影响因素.     

基于知识位势的组织知识转移与共享的激励机制研究

组织知识转移与共享过程中存在员工知识向组织知识转移以及员工与员工之间知识共享的囚徒困境。文章通过组织中知识转移与共享的过程和障碍分析,探讨了知识转移与共享的博弈模型,指出针对不同知识位势的员工应该采取不同的激励方式。通过对激励机制中委托代理的分析,在激励机制设计中对影响知识转移与共享的关键源高知识位势员工引入股权激励方式从而产生无限次重复博弈,这样使得打破知识转移与共享的囚徒困境成为可能。     

组织内人际信任和知识共享关系的理论研究

知识共享已成为组织获取核心竞争力、保持长期竞争优势的重要途径。在回顾人际信任与知识共享关系的基础上,引入知识共享意愿作为中介变量,着重探讨认知信任与情感信任能否通过知识共享意愿对知识共享行为产生影响。研究表明,人际信任通过知识共享意愿对知识共享行为产生积极影响。     

企业内员工知识共享的实证研究

将知识特性以及员工知识共享的意愿作为分析影响员工知识共享的2个因素,以此建立一个概念框架;运用结构方程模型方法,结合对115家中国企业所作的调查研究数据,从实证的角度研究这些因素对企业内部员工知识共享的影响.研究结果表明,知识的隐含性和分散性与企业员工知识共享之间存在显著负相关关系,员工对未来合作的预期、知识的价值与企业员工知识共享之间存在显著正相关的关系.最后,讨论了研究结果的管理含义及进一步研究方向.     

Simmelian联系与个体创新:知识分享意愿和共同知识基础的中介作用

通过知识分享意愿和共同知识基础的中介效应,基于企业间联盟情境探索嵌入微观结构情境跨越企业边界的Simmelian联系促进个体创新的内在机理。以279名来自18家信息技术企业的研发个体为样本,基于社会计量方法收集数据,运用Stata统计软件对模型进行拟合运算。研究结果表明,Simmelian联系通过知识分享意愿和共同知识基础作用于个体的创新绩效;引入联系强度变量后发现,Simmelian弱联系对创新绩效、知识分享意愿和共同知识基础的影响效应均不显著,Simmelian强联系不仅显著促进个体创新,且知识分享意愿和共同知识基础扮演了完全中介角色。研究结果对于从个体和企业两个层面构建有利于异质性知识涉取、吸收和整合的微观结构和宏观环境进而提升创新绩效有重要的实践意义。     

激励兼容原则下企业绩效考核体系的构建与实施

无论对员工的人性假设做的如何贴切,都需要为人力资源管理实践提供合理的路径指向。从企业员工所受到各种外生变量的影响,以及内生变量的驱动为出发点,应在"复杂人"假设条件下遵循激励兼容原则来构建绩效考核体系。从企业绩效考核体系的构建上,应建立起针对班组整体的考核、针对班组个体的考核,以及激励措施的有效设计。在实施中,则需要从两大方面进行实施。     

熊彼特竞争,交叉效应与创新激励

论文引入行业熊彼特竞争,基于技术原创性与市场原创性,纳入技术与市场专业人员努力的交叉效应,研究创新激励合约的时间长度、激励实现的组织形式与创新团队剩余索取权分成系数的选择.研究显示:1)当不存在委托代理问题时,技术与市场专业人员的整合总是创新团队组织的优化选择;2)创新团队的组织形式对企业创新对象的复杂性选择与剩余索取权分配不产生影响;3)行业熊彼特竞争强度、创新原创性与创新激励合约时间长度负相关;4)交叉效应与技术和市场原创性3者的关系决定了最优创新激励的组织形式.研究提高了创新团队管理的可操作性,强化了创新激励对行业竞争的响应性.     

内外在薪酬组合激励模型研究

在组织经营管理实践中,如何通过行之有效的激励措施提升员工的绩效是人力资源管理中的持久性难题。本文在回顾和分析内外在薪酬激励相关研究基础上,借鉴内外结合,刚柔相济的思想,构建了旨在提升组织人力资源长久动力的内外在薪酬组合激励模型,特别是提出的推动式、牵引式和权变式三种具体激励策略,为组织人力资源管理中的员工激励实践提供了有益的启示和帮助,并为今后有关激励与薪酬的理论研究提供了新的思路与方向。     

内在动机与外在激励

本文结合管理实践系统论述了内在动机对于个体行为的激励作用,探讨了个体的内在动机与外在激励之间的关系,明确了内在动机与外在激励在激励机制设计中的地位。通过模型分析发现,内在动机对于个体的行为具有显著的激励作用,它能够提高个体的努力水平。内在动机对于外在激励具有替代作用,内在动机是个体努力的根源,应该成为激励机制的核心,而外在激励则是对内在动机的补充。     

诱因和压力激励相互关系探讨

本文关注了诱因和压力激励的差异及其关系问题,探讨了诱因激励与压力激励的关系,以及在形成员工行为动力机理方面的不同。     

中国上市公司并购动机与绩效:从产业效应角度的分析

本文以2005年中国上市公司开展的并购事件为研究对象,从不同的角度分析了产业效应对公司并购动机和并购绩效的影响。在对整体样本的并购绩效进行研究的基础上,进一步对横向、纵向、混合三种不同类型并购的绩效进行了分析比较并对产业创新型并购和非产业创新型并购的产业效应差别进行了分析。从整体来看,产业效应对公司并购的影响可以忽略。同时产业效应对公司并购绩效确实有影响。产业效应对不同类型并购的影响是不同的,其中对混合并购具有积极的、显著的影响,而对横向并购的影响最小。从产业效应的视角来对中国上市公司的并购行为进行分析,是本文的创新之处。     

内在动机与授权决策

本文从个体的行为动机入手对如何授权问题进行了分析,论述了在什么情况下应该授权,什么情况下不能授权,应该把特定的项目授权给什么样的人,以及如何通过积极的行动来创造有效授权的条件。研究发现,内在动机对个体的项目偏好和行为决策都会产生影响。而且,内在动机是通过权力来激发的,授权的理由是要充分激发和利用个体的内在动机。如果没有考虑内在动机的激励作用,就会导致授权不足。     

Crescendo Model of Career Motivation and Commitment: Identity, Insight, and Resilience

This paper provides an experiential exercise to increase understanding of employees' career motivation and commitment and its relation to employees' perception of identity, insight, and resilience. Three separate conditions influencing employee attraction to career orientation are self-identity, insight, and resilience. These three component dimensions of employee career motivation are outlined and used to define an eight-phase crescendo model through which individuals tend to pass in their decision to form an affective career commitment. The analysis supports the notion of a stepwise movement from identity to insight to resilience in strengthening employees' career motivation and demonstrates how progressive phases are associated with career commitment. Although the levels and phases are progressively prepotent and valenced in predicting employee propensity to form an enduring career commitment, different patterns and paths through the phases for individuals are indicated.     

The Property Rights Approach to Nonprofit Organization: The Role of Intrinsic Motivation

The standard property rights approach to nonprofit organization claims that attenuation of property rights in the form of nondistribution constraint stimulates managerial shirking in nonprofit firms and thereby makes them less efficient than for-profit firms. This paper argues that this view neglects the important role played by intrinsic motivation in nonprofit organization. Intrinsically motivated stakeholders provide resources to nonprofit firms and thereby facilitate their economic survival. However, intrinsic motivation is subject to the crowding-out effect, i.e., the danger of being displaced by the use of extrinsic (monetary and administrative) incentives. The property rights structure in nonprofit organization is designed to minimize the crowding-out effect by dampening monetary and administrative incentives through nondistribution constraint and self-governance orientation, respectively. This facilitates not only economic survival of nonprofit firms but also maximization of utility of their intrinsically motivated stakeholders.

Labour migration and National Human Resource Development in the context of post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan

Training participants' cognitions (training self-efficacy and training instrumentality) can be powerful motivational forces (and impact their motivation to learn and motivation to transfer) and influence important distal outcomes (such as training transfer). Our paper provides a set of ideas linking training cognitions with training outcomes. In addition, we support our propositions with a preliminary empirical test, based on a sample of 254 employees, who provide information on their training perceptions of training and development efforts at their organization. The results indicate that although the ‘can do’ (training self-efficacy) is a primary predictor or motivation to learn, the ‘will do’ aspect (training instrumentality) is the primary predictor for motivation to transfer. In addition, training transfer is predicted primarily by motivation to transfer, and has a strong relationship with training instrumentality. Given the paucity of research on the instrumentality aspect, we discuss theoretical and practical implications, and directions for future research.     

Work motivations as antecedents and outcomes of leadership: Integrating self-determination theory and the full range leadership theory

While some research has documented links between supervisors’ leadership style and subordinates’ motivation, little is known about what drives leadership behaviors in the first place. This study aimed to contribute to the scholarly literature on motivational antecedents of leadership by drawing on the self-determination theory (SDT) of motivation and the full range leadership theory. We traced work motivation throughout the leadership process, starting with supervisors’ work motivations as potential antecedents of leadership styles and proceeding to how leadership styles associate with subordinates’ work motivations. A 2-2-1 multilevel mediational model tested on 61 supervisors and their 244 subordinates showed that supervisors’ autonomous work motivation was linked with subordinates’ ratings of supervisors’ transformational leadership which, in turn, was linked with subordinates’ autonomous work motivation. Furthermore, supervisors’ transactional leadership mediated the association between their controlled motivation and their subordinates’ controlled motivation, whereas supervisors’ passive-avoidant leadership mediated the link between their amotivation and their subordinates’ amotivation. Our integration of the full spectrum of SDT’s conceptualization of motivation with the full range of leadership theory provides insights into the motivational processes that naturally direct supervisors toward transformational, transactional, or passive-avoidant leadership styles and their consequent reflection in subordinates’ motivations. The work has both theoretical and practical implications.