青年发展指标体系构建及测量方法

人是一切发展的决定因素，经济社会可持续发展在根本上取决于青年一代的成长。构建青年发展指标体系，对青年群体发展状况进行概括性度量和综合性评估．是促进青年与经济社会协调发展的需要，是加强青年事务管理的基础。本研究借鉴国内外其他国际组织、国家或地区青少年发展指标体系的内容，结合我国青年发展的自身特色和环境因素，构建了以人口与家庭、教育与学习、就业与福利、健康与闲暇、人际与参与、犯罪与风险、价值与伦理、环境与政策为主要维度的上海青年发展指标体系。研究认为。青年发展指标体系应由精确化的统计数据、标准化的调查问卷和系列化的文献资料共同构成．需通过在实践中的应用来不断深化和积累。     

女性青年农民工发展问题研究

女性青年农民工进入城市后所遇到的困难和问题或许会较男性更多,在城市发展过程中由此所付出的诸如生活、工作、生理和心理成本也可能会更多,这些均对她们的生存与发展影响极大。本文在对外来人口的重要聚集地之一:上海浦东新区实证调查基础上,从女性青年农民工群体的文化构成、就业状况、收入情况、社会关系、权益保障、居住地域、婚姻生活等维度进行分析探讨,针对在城市社会经济快速发展与转型过程中女性青年农民工群体存在的一些主要发展问题,提出旨在促进其发展的对策建议。     

当代欧洲青年战略：历史演变、政策框架与发展走向

促进青年发展一直是欧洲发展领域的优先事项。欧洲青年战略是欧洲青年工作的纲领性文件，蕴含着欧洲对青年做出的发展承诺。文章聚焦于第二次世界大战后的欧洲青年战略，依次分析其历史演变、政策框架和发展走向。历经70余年，当代欧洲已形成由欧洲委员会和欧盟分别自主建构并实施的两种青年战略范式。欧洲委员会和欧盟在青年事务的处置上呈现从“双轨并行”到“一体协作”的行动逻辑，其政策框架具有外在形式的趋同与内在逻辑的差异。当前，欧洲期望构建青年战略的“欧洲标准”，但同时面临青年领域“熵增”难题的治理困境。欧洲青年战略的整体图景对我国青年战略的推进具有借鉴意义。     

青年发展本质:对我国青年研究的反思

青年发展在本质上是一种自由自觉的劳动实践,与社会、国家之间具有历史、现实、伦理价值的实然统一性。由此出发,反思当前我国青年发展研究,就存在一般性指标、生存性指标过重及研究流于普遍化的问题。从而,我国青年发展研究应强化青年发展的本质指标与内在指标,建构与深化具体、历史与自我价值性的"个化"研究范式。     

马克思主义经典作家青年观的梳理与借鉴

马克思、恩格斯在早期资本社会中敏锐地关注到青年群体的问题。他们从阶级和价值两个向度出发,探讨了青年群体的社会维度。从时代与革命属性出发探讨了青年的现实维度。全面发展和希望指向则构成了他们青年观的发展维度。列宁继承了他们的青年观并根据俄国的社会主义革命和建设情况形成自己的青年观。通过青年组织的建设和对青年教育方式的探讨构成了青年观的培育维度。学习和实际方式的探讨则形成了列宁青年观的实践维度。从马克思主义经典作家思想中吸取智慧,为当今青年工作提供借鉴。通过价值观的培育和青年的全面发展,培养当今时代的青年马克思主义者。改革青年组织,复归青年组织的群众属性。以及将主导的马克思主义青年观转化为实然的主流现象。     

青年新移民社会适应状况与发展

青青年新移民的社会适应与发展是非常值得关注的议题,对519名青年新移民的问卷调查显示,青年新移民在各个维度的社会适应程度是不一样的。在经济融入维度青年新移民存在明显优势;在行为适应维度青年新移民与原住民的交往频度和深度不高、社区参与度低;在文化接纳和身份认同维度青年新移民对"上海性"认可度较高,对"上海人"身份的认同程度相对较低;在并此基础上提出促进青年新移民社会适应与发展的思考与建议。     

和谐社会与青年发展

青年问题不仅是青年期人生发展特殊课题的一种内在规定,而且是社会的一种外在规定。青年问题不是青年的问题,而是社会的问题。本文从和谐社会视角来谈青年发展问题,提出青年是社会问题的主体人群,青年发展问题是构建和谐社会的“公共议题”。我们必须重视青年问题,如就业问题、教育问题、偏差行为、传媒问题、组织问题等,从认识青年、审视社会对待青年的方式来解决青年问题,从价值与利益“双重导向”促进青年和谐发展。     

青年研究的叙事转向

随着青年研究的日益发展,定量研究的数据模型不足以呈现和解释当下纷繁复杂的青年现象,而文学领域中的叙事凭借自身的实践价值逐渐走近人文社会科学的学科视野。青年研究的叙事转向为读懂青年、走进青年提供一条认识、理解以及研究的有效路径和方法。青年研究的叙事转向内在地含有三个维度,分别是青年研究视角从"问题本位"转向"青年本位",青年研究范式从"宏大叙事"转向"个体叙事",青年研究关系从"主体与客体"转向"主体间性",这三个维度中叙事转向问题及其现实的实践路径值得探讨。     

中国青年发展面临多个沉重课题

“读书无用论”重新抬头、有相当比例的青少年上网成瘾、青年的部分体能指标继续呈下降趋势、青少年教育成本增大、庞大的青年劳动力人口数量给就业带来巨大压力……今天，中国青少年研究中心发布《“十五”期间中国青年发展状况与“十一五”期间中国青年发展趋势研究报告》，对上述结论作出详细分析。     

高质量均衡:青年发展理念的新趋向

面对关切未来的战略性的青年发展议题,首当其冲需要阐明和思考的是青年发展理念问题.青年发展理念的方法论意义及其鲜明的实践指向,为适应时代发展、回应时代主题铸造了价值根基.高质量均衡发展应成为新发展阶段中国青年发展理念的新趋向,这一发展理念的核心旨向在于吁求公平与质量兼顾的发展,保证社会和人的整体均衡发展.践行该发展理念的可行路径,可以重点关注青年公共政策的制定、青年发展项目的 实施、青年发展评价的反馈等方面.     

Contemporary Youth and Youth Culture in Japan

Abstract  This paper begins with a profile of Japanese youth which compares them statistically and sociologically with those of other nations. Next, I attempt to differentiate between "adolescent" and "youth," and explain the adolescent as a consequence of industrial society. I also try to divide youth culture into three types: partial culture, sub-culture. and counter- culture. Finally, I discuss the history of Japanese youth culture, primarily since the coming of the industrial age after World War 11. As examples of adolescent cultures, I refer to "Taiyo-zoku." "Zenkyoto," "Hippie," "New Young," and "Shin-jinrui." Among these, "Zenkyoto" and "Hippie" are important as counter-cultures; they reject the prevailing society and actively seek a new post-industrial society. Adolescent sub-culture. on the other hand, has dwindled since the decline of the "Zen- kyoto" around 1970. Since 1980, Japanese youth can be grouped into three main categories. The majority enjoy affluence and consumer goods, like the "Crystal-zoku," who are obsessed with famous brands. They are in the partial culture, and are oriented to super-industrial society. The second group is made up of those who have unique adolescent cultures. like the "Shin-jinrui," who are sensuous and highly responsive to information. They are in the sub-culture, and are oriented to the modified industrial society. Minority groups who take action to protect their interests and human rights, like ecological groups derived from the counter-culture movement, comprise the third category. They are in the counter-culture, and are oriented to post-industrial society.     

核心价值、信仰与青春偶像

核心价值作为社会意识的本质体现，是一个民族信仰的主导思想和精神力量。可以说，任何社会都有自己的核心价值。物质满足后精神生活如何充实？这是现代人遇到的哲学问题。在中国经济高速增长与社会转型之今天，生活意义和人生信仰再次成为社会和青年人所关注的成长问题。本文就核心价值、人生信仰、青春偶像等问题进行若干思考。     

Gay Youth

Abstract

In recent years there has been a growing awareness among parents and social service professionals of the complex sexual identity development of adolescents. Despite this, adolescents continue to struggle to define their sexual identity. Gay and lesbian adolescents in particular are at risk for a host of problems, including substance abuse and suicide. In this context it is important for social service researchers to study adolescent sexual identity and to report their findings in such a way as to be accessible to professionals and to the public.     

Youth voices thrive in Facilitating Leadership in Youth

In inner-city Washington, D.C., lives a generation of young people for whom violence, discrimination, and poverty are a daily reality. Out-of-school-time programming by Facilitating Leadership in Youth provides youth with comprehensive support and services, trusting relationships, and gradually increasing leadership opportunities to elicit positive community change.     

Youth Justice

This paper illustrates how mindfulness and reflection exercises can be integrated into the teaching and learning of active listening skills, an integral component of relationship skills training. This pedagogy was first trialled on a small cohort of 15 students and the improved version was applied with a second cohort of 53 students. Through the mindfulness and reflection exercises which were built in throughout the module, students identified the three most prominent ‘bad habits’ that hindered active listening as ‘mind wandering’, ‘multi-tasking’ while listening and ‘thinking ahead’. The mindfulness and reflection exercises appeared to bring the usually-unnoticed ‘bad habits’ into awareness so that a conscious effort could be channelled into preventing them from interfering with relationship building. This expanded awareness facilitated the strengthening of ability to observe oneself in interactions. This paper proposes a combination of exercises that expand students' awareness of their own habitual listening styles, together with skills training through conventional methods of role play, video-taping and skills drilling, in order to strengthen motivation to change and bring about deeper learning.     

“谁是青年”与“青年是谁”——关于青年研究的几个问题

青年研究及其基础理论建设，应从厘清“谁是青年”和“青年是谁”这两个问题入手，不求构建那种主观的、封闭的庞大体系，而应注重回归青年自身，回归社会与青年的种种互动关联研究，在一个开放的状态下，在一个自然生成的过程中，以高度的学术自觉，吸纳和吸引多学科的研究成果和研究力量，走一务“集约化”发展的路子，逐步改变中国作为青年人口大国却是青年研究弱国的不合理局面。     

青年自组织与共青团组织的诉求契合

青年自组织以其对象特定、目标明确、行动灵活等特点在联系、团结青年等方面发挥着重要的作用,这与新时期“两个全体青年”的工作要求以及团的四项职能存在着契合性,因而青年自组织是建构“大团建”格局的重要支撑。青年自组织建设的现实路径．必须在机构独立性和组织合法性的博弈中主动借力发展,在人治式管理和可持续发展的矛盾中探索制度保障,在资金有限性和需求扩张性的矛盾中以服务求支持。     

Somerville Youth Council

In fall 2004, after many years of discussion, the Somerville Youth Council started. Its mission is to create an ongoing process of discussion, critical thinking, and problem solving to develop solutions to the challenges that youth encounter. In order to be an effective voice for youth, the Somerville Youth Council will have a diverse membership, develop expectations of mutual understanding and respect, and ensure that the means of communication builds bridges between youth, decision makers, and all others in Somerville. Owadokun, one of the council founders, has since moved to Nigeria, where she is forming a youth council in her community. Avilés is an active Youth Council youth member.     

Male-to-Female Transgender Youth

Abstract

Thirty-one male-to-female transgender youth reported on their gender identity, gender expression, gender atypicality, and their parents' responses. Youth felt, acted, and were told they were different between eight and nine years of age. Many were called sissies and told to change their behavior by parents; more gender-atypical youth reported childhood parental abuse.