问卷调查设计技巧初探

在市场经济条件下,政府的决策、企业的决策必须依赖于真实可靠的信息,统计调查是达到这个目的的手段之一。问卷调查是由西方社会发展而来的一种研究手段,在英文中它的概念是question-airs,意思是：“一种为了统计或调查用的问题表格”。实施问卷调查的前提是要有问卷,因此怎样设计一份合格的问卷,在整个调查过程中是至为关键的。问卷质量的高低,不仅影响被调查者对问题的理解和回答,而且影响到对社会经济问题认识结论的正确性。一、合格问卷的标准一份设计合理的调查问卷应该具备如下条件：1、结构完整。一般说来应包括说明词、填写…     

关于影响应届生考取研究生的多因素统计分析

针对近几年出现的“考研热”这一社会现象,本文用配额抽样方法抽取了辽宁大学100名参加2003年硕士研究生入学考试的同学进行问卷调查,以此为样本运用因子分析方法对应届生考取研究生的影响因素进行了定量分析,并根据所得结论对准备考研的学生提出了一些建议。     

调查中的误差与偏差

一次调查工作在程序上有很多环节。通常,调查设计者在完成了问卷设计和样本抽选后,通过委派调查员对被访问者实施实际调查。调查的每个环节都可能发生误差和偏差情况,这在问卷调查过程中特别典型,稍有不慎就会使具体环节发生偏差而使数据失真。这应该是民意调查中着重加以控制的。科学的问卷设计和合理的样本抽选是保证调查结果科学性的基础和前提条件,调查访谈者以及回答者这两个环节也是影响调查结果的重要因素。     

基于协整方法和VAR模型的中国行政管理成本变动分析

一、文献回顾:行政管理成本变动的原因长期以来,国家的行政管理成本问题一直受到学术界的关注。单从现有的定量研究成果看,对于行政管理成本变动的原因,大多数研究者从经济增长角度进行研究,但对于它如何影响政府规模,有两种截然不同的观点:一种观点认为,随着经济的发展,保证行使国家职能的公共支出要不断增加,政府消费性支出占国民所得的比重也不断上升。这就是所谓的“公共支出不断增长法则”,或称“政府活动扩张法则”,又称“瓦格纳法则”。20世纪以来,一些经济学家利用现代计量经济方法进行的研究也证实了这一“法则”。例如,Rubbinson…     

浅谈问卷设计

一、问卷的涵义 问卷,是法文意译,即一种为统计或调查用的问题表格,也可译为“问题表格”或“访问表”,我国已习惯使用问卷这个词,并已成为社会调查中的常用术语。问卷多用来对个人行为和态度进行测量,通过调查结果进行科学的统计分析,从而指导     

新生代农民工地位消费机理假设检验

文章在对1551位新生代农民工进行问卷调查的基础上,构建了解释这一群体地位消费机理的模型,运用结构方程模型进行了实证分析,结果表明该模型具有较好的拟合优度与解释力,假设检验的结果发现自尊动机是影响新生代农民工地位消费最重要的因素,社会认同动机对地位消费的影响较小,个体的自我监控水平具有调节地位消费的作用.     

基于结构方程模型的大学生生命态度影响因素研究

采用"生命态度量表"、"家庭教养方式量表"、"社会支持评定量表"和"应对方式问卷"对西安市816名大学生进行问卷调查,使用SPSS16.0和AMOS17.0统计软件对数据进行分析,探索各变量间的相关关系,并在假设模型的基础上,修正、构建各变量的结构方程模型。研究结果说明,家庭教养方式和社会支持对于大学生的生命态度有重要影响,社会支持对于应对方式有直接影响,同时家庭教养方式和社会支持还通过生命态度这一中介变量间接影响大学生的应对方式。研究结果为大学生生命教育的实施提供理论指导和实证参考。     

居民重组因素的logistic回归分析

居民重组是城市系统的复杂问题。首次在长春市居民中进行问卷调查,将877例有效问卷进行了统计分析,针对居民重组的影响因素进行了Logistic回归,结果入选了8项主要因素。     

浅析问卷调查中的几个问题

问卷调查是通过被调查者自愿填写问卷来搜集、整理和分析社会统计资料,以得到样本总体对事物的观点或看法的一种调查方法。     

企业品牌延伸影响因素的典型相关分析

文章运用典型相关分析方法,通过对问卷调查结果的定量分析,发现了消费者因素、母品牌因素和营销环境因素对企业品牌延伸有重要影响作用,且不同的因素在影响企业品牌延伸程度上存在显著差异。在企业品牌延伸的过程中,充分利用这些影响因素,可避免资金、人力等方面的浪费,提高品牌延伸的成功率,达到稳步提高本企业核心竞争力的目的。     

A multilevel cross-classified modelling approach to peer review of grant proposals: the effects of assessor and researcher attributes on assessor ratings

Summary. The peer review of grant proposals is very important to academics from all disciplines. Although there is limited research on the reliability of assessments for grant proposals, previously reported single-rater reliabilities have been disappointingly low (between 0.17 and 0.37). We found that the single-rater reliability of the overall assessor rating for Australian Research Council grants was 0.21 for social science and humanities (2870 ratings, 1928 assessors and 687 proposals) and 0.19 for science (7153 ratings, 4295 assessors and 1644 proposals). We used a multilevel, cross-classification approach (level 1, assessor and proposal cross-classification; level 2, field of study), taking into account that 34% of the assessors evaluated more than one proposal. Researcher-nominated assessors (those chosen by the authors of the research proposal) gave higher ratings than panel-nominated assessors chosen by the Australian Research Council, and proposals from more prestigious universities received higher ratings. In the social sciences and humanities, the status of Australian universities had significantly more effect on Australian assessors than on overseas assessors. In science, ratings were higher when assessors rated fewer proposals and apparently had a more limited frame of reference for making such ratings and when researchers were professors rather than non-professors. Particularly, the methodology of this large scale study is applicable to other forms of peer review (publications, job interviews, awarding of prizes and election to prestigious societies) where peer review is employed as a selection process.     

Reference Serials

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study is to determine the collaborative activities of Asian library and information science (LIS) researchers through bibliometric, social network analysis at the author, institution, and country levels of the LIS publications produced by Asian researchers. For the study, research articles were derived from the 1994–2013 Web of Science (WoS) archives. Coauthor analysis software was used to analyze author contributions on the New Modified Author Activity Index (NMAAI_{1, 2, 3})—a measurement tool to evaluate author research activities. Results reveal (a) that LIS “institutions collaboration pattern” outcomes did not yield strong collaboration with Asian countries or regions, (b) intracontinent and intercontinent collaboration was less harmonious on institutional and author levels, and (c) interpretation through NMAAI_1,2,3 revealed that Asian countries did not produce sufficient collaborative LIS publications. Taiwan, South Korea, Singapore, India, Iran, Israel, and Turkey have been producing ample LIS papers, but the United States and United Kingdom emerged as leaders. This work provides a holistic view of Asian LIS development and emphasizes individual levels of collaboration, finding that most influential authors serve on coauthor networks, which differentiates this study from previous studies in the LIS field. There is immense need to develop liaisons, sign memoranda of understanding (MOUs), and participate in combined research plans and short-term research exchange programs.     

基于因子分析法的陕西省旅游产业影响因素分析——以旅游业发展研究专家的336份问卷调查为例

通过对陕西省旅游产业影响因素的确定,设计出包括30个影响因素的调查问卷,对338位旅游从业人员进行实地调研,发现从业人员对30个影响因素的评价具有显著差异。在将影响因素划分类别并进行相关性分析后,提炼出两组清晰命名的7个公因子。结果表明:管理层认为旅游企业自身的发展、人员的素质等主观因素更为重要,而理论层和实践层则认为旅游企业的信息传递与宣传、交通区位等客观因素同样非常重要。     

Median split, k-group split, and optimality in continuous populations

Continuous populations are grouped in many social, economic, medical, or technical fields of research. However, by grouping them, a lot of information provided by the continuous population is lost. Especially the median split, which is still adopted by many researchers, and its generalization to an equiprobable k-group split lead to a high efficiency loss. Here, this loss of information is investigated by analytical and numerical analyses for some typical symmetric and skew population distributions often found in applications. Various distribution parameters, numbers of groups, and split methods are taken from theoretical considerations and real data sets. Losses sometimes in excess of 50% can be reduced by optimal grouping.     

The widespread misinterpretation of p-values as error probabilities

The anonymous mixing of Fisherian (p-values) and Neyman–Pearsonian (α levels) ideas about testing, distilled in the customary but misleading p < α criterion of statistical significance, has led researchers in the social and management sciences (and elsewhere) to commonly misinterpret the p-value as a ‘data-adjusted’ Type I error rate. Evidence substantiating this claim is provided from a number of fronts, including comments by statisticians, articles judging the value of significance testing, textbooks, surveys of scholars, and the statistical reporting behaviours of applied researchers. That many investigators do not know the difference between p’s and α’s indicates much bewilderment over what those most ardently sought research outcomes—statistically significant results—means. Statisticians can play a leading role in clearing this confusion. A good starting point would be to abolish the p < α criterion of statistical significance.     

中国医疗卫生行业发展影响因素的提炼与甄别

关于卫生行业发展影响因素的现有研究多数基于定性分析，而实证研究较少。为从静态和动态两个角度将经济社会发展对卫生行业发展的制约关系进行量化与应用研究，建立多元线性回归模型和ARMA（1，1）模型将社会经济因素对卫生行业发展的影响程度和影响方向进行提炼与甄别，结果表明：人均收入水平、财政卫生支出是影响中国卫生服务业发展的两个主要因素，城乡收入比和人口老龄化对卫生行业发展的影响还不是很显著。     

新时代中国经济社会统计的创新与发展

新时代,我国经济社会发展产生了许多新情况,经济社会管理产生了许多新需求,经济社会统计的理论、方法和应用要实现创新与发展,以适应新时代、反映新情况、满足新需求,在服务宏观经济决策和促进经济社会健康发展,以及促进经济学、社会学发展等方面发挥更加重要的作用。本文从统计理论和方法、学术研究和人才培养等方面阐述了新时代我国经济社会统计面临的严峻挑战和重大发展机遇;从创新研究领域、创新研究方法和创新人才培养方式等方面探讨了新时代我国经济社会统计如何实现创新与发展,以服务于国家重大发展战略、助力解决我国经济社会发展现实问题、对接国际前沿研究领域;提出了新时代我国经济社会统计的若干重点研究领域,包括新经济统计理论和方法研究、全要素生产率研究、服务业核算问题研究、无形资产测度问题研究、全球价值链研究等。     

农村居民生活满意度的影响因素分析

 本文将Logistic回归方法运用于生活满意度影响因素的分析,首先根据国内外研究成果选取五个影响因素并提出研究假设,其次运用无序多分类Logistic回归模型拟合调查数据,科学确定各因素的影响程度。研究发现家庭年收入、居住区域和对社会公平的看法这三个因素对江苏农村居民生活满意度有显著影响。因此,以经济持续稳定增长促进农村居民持续增收,以社会公平为目标推进政治经济建设将成为提高江苏农村居民生活满意度的有效措施。     

Spatial autoregression with repeated measurements for social networks

Spatial autoregressive model (SAR) is found useful to estimate the social autocorrelation in social networks recently. However, the rapid development of information technology enables researchers to collect repeated measurements for a given social network. The SAR model for social networks is designed for cross-sectional data and is thus not feasible. In this article, we propose a new model which is referred to as SAR with random effects (SARRE) for social networks. It could be considered as a natural combination of two types of models, the SAR model for social networks and a particular type of mixed model. To solve the problem of high computational complexity in large social networks, a pseudo-maximum likelihood estimate (PMLE) is proposed. The asymptotic properties of the estimate are established. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed method by extensive numerical studies and a real data example.