统计软件R与ARMA模型

一、ARMA模型概述 ARMA模型包括三种基本类型:自回归模型AR(p)、移动平均模型MA(q)和自回归移动平均模型ARMA(p,q).自回归移动平均模型ARMA(p,q)的一般表达式是:     

基于模糊Box-Jenkins方法的电价建模与短期预测

由于单一的AR、MA和ARMA模型不能很好地匹配复杂的电价时间序列数据,因此传统的Box-Jenkins方法不能很好地进行电价预测。文章提出了基于模糊Box-Jenkins的电价建模和短期预测方法。引入模糊策略,生成分别对应Box-Jenkins方法中的AR,MA,ARMA三个模型的模糊因子,再通过模糊因子对三个模型进行模糊综合。对浙江省电力市场电价数据的仿真表明,在电价序列不能较好地匹配Box-Jenkins方法中各模型的情况下,模糊Box-Jenkins方法能取得更好的预测效果。     

自相关过程的ARMA控制图

由于自相关过程违背了过程输出数据独立性的假定,使得常规控制图的有效性降低。ARMA控制图技术使用自回归移动平均模型作为统计量,依据两个信噪比指标来确定适宜的参数值。文章运用平均链长(ARL)系统研究了ARMA控制图的检测性能,并与残差图进行了比较。模拟结果表明,在自相关条件下,ARMA控制图对均值偏移具有较高的检测灵敏性。     

中国国防费时间序列预测模型的建立

时间序列模型(ARMA)是一种精度较高的短期预测模型.本文综合运用B-J时间序列建模方法,对中国国防费时间序列平稳性进行了判别;利用单位根方法检验了时间序列的单整阶数;利用自相关函数和偏自相关函数判别了时间序列模型的自回归阶数(AR(p))和移动平均阶数(MA(q));最后利用Eviews统计软件建立了合适的中国国防费时间序列模型,并进行了分析和预测.     

ARMA模型参数估计算法的改进

文章提出了一种ARMA模型的非线性估计方法,这种方法通过DFP算法构造具有遗传对称正定性的矩阵来近似Hesse矩阵的逆,从而实现了ARMA模型参数的估计.仿真结果表明,该方法具有良好的准确度和可靠性,可以改进ARMA模型的参数估计.     

基于ARIMA模型的城市网格化管理预测与仿真

文章对城市网格化管理问题进行了研究,基于网格化问题数据的时间序列特征的归总,利用了标准化时间序列模型ARMA族进行分析,并以AR,MA模型为比较基础,进而对选定的ARIMA模型预测结果进行精度比较测试.研究发现,时间序列模型对城市网格化管理问题的预测精度较高,而网格化管理本身对于城市建设与管理和城市决策的资源整合具有相当重要的意义.     

随机系数SETAR模型的应用

文章提出了随机系数SETAR模型,推导出其回归系数的估计式,并把该模型应用于一个月度数据序列．实证研究表明,对于非线性时间序列数据,随机系数SETAR模型明显优于AR—MA模型。     

我国月度居民消费价格指数的预测方法与应用

文章用时间序列的BP神经网络和ARMA模型的方法对我国2005年1月～2011年5月的月度CPI进行了模型分析并检验了预测效果。对比分析表明,利用月度CPI时间序列的BP神经网络方法相比ARMA模型有更好的预测精度。     

中国猪肉价格的短期预测模型

文章利用2009年4~5月猪肉价格日度数据进行实证分析表明:中国猪肉价格序列为一带截距AR MA(1,0)过程。通过设置时间虚拟变量进行检验,结果显示:甲型H1N1流感并不是引发中国猪肉价格下降的主要原因。利用本文构建的ARMA模型对中国猪肉价格进行短期预测,效果显著。     

空气质量指数监控与预测的控制图方法

世界上多数国家都采用空气质量指数这一指标衡量空气质量状况,对空气质量的有效监测和预警是解决空气污染的重要参考依据.本研究使用ARMA模型拟合空气污染指数(API)时序数据,通过模型残差建立控制图,根据控制图的变化监控并预警.研究采用2010年上海世博会API作为可控状态建立控制限,以2011年1～8月上海API数据建立ARMA(1,1)模型,通过2011年9月上海API模型预测与残差控制图证实模型和控制图的有效性.     

Identification of Periodic Moving-Average Models

Abstract

ARMA models with seasonally-varying parameters and orders, known as periodic ARMA (PARMA) models, have found wide applications in modeling of seasonal processes. This article considers the identification of orders of periodic MA (PMA) models. The identification is based on the cut-off property of the periodic autocorrelation function (PeACF). We derive an explicit expression for the asymptotic variance of the sample PeACF to be used in establishing its bands. A simulated example is also provided which agrees well with the theoretical results.     

Discrimination of AR,MA and ARMA time series models

The problem of discrimination between two stationary ARMA time series models is considered, and in particular AR(p), MA(p), ARMA(1,1) models. The discriminant based on the likelihood ration leads to a quadratic form that is generally too complicated to evaluated explicitly. The discriminant can be expressed approximately as a linear combination of independent chi–squared random varianles each with one degree of freedom, the coefficients, of which are eigenvalues of cumbersome matrices. An analytical solution which gives the coefficients approximately is suggested.     

Testing for Equal Predictability of Stationary ARMA Processes

In this work we use a measure of predictability of a time series following a stationary ARMA process to develop a test of equal predictability of two or more time series. The test is derived by a set of propositions which links the structure of the AR and MA coefficients to the predictability measure. A particular case of this general approach is constituted by time series having a Wold decomposition with weights having the same sign; in this framework the equal predictability is equivalent to parallelism among ARMA models and the null hypothesis of equal predictability is simply a set of linear restrictions. The ARMA representation of the GARCH models presents non-negative weights, so that this test can be extended to verify the equal predictability of squared time series following GARCH structures.     

The effect of temporal aggregation on the estimation accuracy of ARMA models

ABSTRACT

Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA) time series model fitting is a procedure often based on aggregate data, where parameter estimation plays a key role. Therefore, we analyze the effect of temporal aggregation on the accuracy of parameter estimation of mixed ARMA and MA models. We derive the expressions required to compute the parameter values of the aggregate models as functions of the basic model parameters in order to compare their estimation accuracy. To this end, a simulation experiment shows that aggregation causes a severe accuracy loss that increases with the order of aggregation, leading to poor accuracy.     

Calculating the autocovariances and the likelihood for periodic V ARMA models

This paper concerns the autocovariance calculation and likelihood evaluation for periodic vector ARMA models (PV ARMA). Based on a state space representation of PV ARMA models, we derive an algorithm for computing the PV ARMA autocovariances. The proposed method computes the autocovariances for distinct seasons separately, thereby facilitating efficient calculation for models with a large period. As a result, the obtained autocovariance calculation procedure is exploited in a periodic Chandrasekhar-type filter to evaluate the exact likelihood for Gaussian PV ARMA series. Empirical evidence shows the superiority of the periodic Chandrasekhar algorithm for likelihood evaluation over the Kalman-based one.     

Necessary and Sufficient Condition for Nonsingular Fisher Information Matrix in ARMA and Fractional ARIMA Models

It is demonstrated that a necessary and sufficient condition for the Fisher information matrix of a causal and invertible ARMA to be nonsingular is that the model not be redundant; that is, the autoregressive and moving-average polynomials have no roots in common. This result is also extended to fractional ARIMA models.     

2005年中国税收收入预测模型比较

为探索一种较为有效的工具来提高税收收入预测精度，利用1985-2004年的样本数据，建立了五个模型来预测中国2005年的税收收入。结果表明：ARMA（1，1）模型中，以GDP为外生变量的自回归模型、以政策因素为虚拟外生变量的自回归模型以及对数线性移动平均模型都是预测税收收入的有效模型，但以GDP为外生变量的自回归模型在预测2005年税收收入时，预测值与实际值的预测偏差仅有1．23％，此模型在预测税收收入时预测精度最高，是预测税收收入的一种较为有效的工具。     

Theory of Bilinear Time Series Models

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we prove some theoretic properties of bilinear time series models which are extension of ARMA models. The sufficient conditions for asymptotic stationarity and ivertibility of some types of bilinear models are derived. The structural theory of discussed bilinear models is similar to that of ARMA models. For illustration, a bilinear model has been fitted to the Wolfer sunspot numbers and a substantial reduction in sum of squared residuals is obtained as comparing with Box-Jenkins ARMA model.     

Bayesian analysis of contaminated quarter plane moving average models

This article deals with Bayesian analysis of quarter plane moving average (MA) models observed on a rectangular part of a lattice. We present some properties concerning the autocorrelation function of MA models. These properties relate correlation parameters with the original model parameters providing much more understandable interpretation of results concerning the model. Simulation experiment is developed to explore the sensitivity of the posterior distribution when the process is contaminated with innovation and additive contamination. We show by simulation that the correlation structure of the model is seriously affected when the process contains additive contamination. We then propose a more general class of MA models which automatically deals with the contamination phenomenon [contaminated MA (CMA) model]. Also, we establish theoretical properties of the correlation function analogous with those in the previous model. Finally, we consider two applications of the CMA model. The results obtained in numerical examples show the goodness of the CMA model under contaminated data.     

A note on the invertibility of nonlinear ARMA models

We review the concepts of local and global invertibility for a nonlinear auto-regressive moving-average (NLARMA) model. Under very general conditions, a local invertibility analysis of an NLARMA model shows the generic dichotomy that the innovation reconstruction errors either diminish geometrically fast or grow geometrically fast. We derive a simple sufficient condition for an NLARMA model to be locally invertible. The invertibility of the polynomial MA models is revisited. Moreover, we show that the threshold MA models may be globally invertible even though some component MA models are non-invertible. One novelty of our approach is its cross-fertilization with dynamical systems.