试论海湾六国货币统一的现实意义

目前,安全问题和经济模式单一问题直接威胁到了海湾六国的社会稳定和经济发展,是六国政府所面临的首要难题.从经济一体化的角度看,货币统一将扩大海湾六国对世界经济的影响,提升其在国际事务中的地位,对海湾六国解决安全问题有重大影响和积极作用.同时,海湾六国统一货币所带来的经济效应也将促进海湾六国经济多元化发展.     

海湾六国的可持续发展及其对中国的启示

海湾六国的经济和社会有着许多的共同特征。从整体来看经济结构单一，主要以石油为主，普遍存在本国国民失业率高的现象。石油收入是这些国家的主要财政来源，但“石油经济”从长期来看是不可持续的，最根本的原因在于石油资源的不可再生性。海湾六国政府实行了经济多元化政策以期早日摆脱对石油的依赖，向可持续方向发展。但可持续发展并非局限在经济方面，还包括了社会和生态环境的可持续发展，即关注环保和有效利用资源。本文以海湾六国为例简析了可持续发展面临的主要问题、实施战略及影响因素，这为中国的可持续发展提供了重要启示。     

海湾国家将统一货币

海湾六国有关领导人去年在科威特召开会议,讨论了关于计划建立海湾国家统一货币制度的问题.沙特阿拉伯、科威特、阿曼、阿拉伯联合酋长国、卡塔尔、巴林分别表示愿意建立海湾统一货币单位,并将统一货币工作分为三个阶段:首先建立海湾六     

海湾六国的可持续发展及其对中国的启示

海湾六国的经济和社会有着许多的共同特征。从整体来看经济结构单一,主要以石油为主,普遍存在本国国民失业率高的现象。石油收入是这些国家的主要财政来源,但“石油经济”从长期来看是不可持续的,最根本的原因在于石油资源的不可再生性。海湾六国政府实行了经济多元化政策以期早日摆脱对石油的依赖,向可持续方向发展。但可持续发展并非局限在经济方面,还包括了社会和生态环境的可持续发展,即关注环保和有效利用资源。本文以海湾六国为例简析了可持续发展面临的主要问题、实施战略及影响因素,这为中国的可持续发展提供了重要启示。     

优势互补、共同发展——试论中国与海湾六国的经贸合作

海湾地区是世界最大能源基地之一,从战略和经济安全等方面与海湾六国进行长期合作,将对中国的发展至关重要。海湾各国虽有充裕的资金、大量的待合作项目和广阔的发展空间,但技术、装备、材料和人才奇缺。因此,中国企业进入海湾六国市场从宏观和微观上都有着重要现实意义。随着中国与海湾经贸合作新局面的逐步形成,中国企业将面临着如何更好地与海湾六国进行有效合作的严峻考验,为此,本文将提出几条建议。     

优势互补、共同发展——试论中国与海湾六国的经贸合作

海湾地区是世界最大能源基地之一,从战略和经济安全等方面与海湾六国进行长期合作,将对中国的发展至关重要。海湾各国虽有充裕的资金、大量的待合作项目和广阔的发展空间,但技术、装备、材料和人才奇缺。因此,中国企业进入海湾六国市场从宏观和微观上都有着重要现实意义。随着中国与海湾经贸合作新局面的逐步形成,中国企业将面临着如何更好地与海湾六国进行有效合作的严峻考验,为此,本文将提出几条建议。     

中国与海湾六国的经贸关系现状与前景分析

随着2004年7月海湾六国财政大臣的集体访华，中国与海湾六国的自由贸易协定谈判已经拉开序幕，双方之间的经贸往来必将驶入以石油合作为车头、全方位和深层次前行的高速道。本文在介绍海湾六国的经济状况、我国与海湾六国经贸关系的基础上，对双边经贸关系的前景进行了展望。     

展望海湾六国九十年代的经济发展

沙特、科威特,阿联酋、阿曼、卡塔尔、巴林等海湾六国随着时代的步伐迈进了20世纪的最后10年。80年代影响海湾地区经济增长进程的主要障碍是两伊战争和石油收入的锐减,但现在看来,昔日的主要障碍似已逐渐消失。两伊战争的结束,世界对石油需求的逐渐增长,使未来10年海湾的经济发展显得比以往任何时期都更为有利。关注和重视这一地区的经济发展对于调整我国的对外贸易结构,更多地吸收海湾国家的剩余资金,加强我国对外承包业务,能起到积极有效的作用。近年来,由于石油收入在海湾六国的国民生产总值中的比例持续下降,因此,在90年代,海湾各国必须继续考虑调整海湾的经     

中国与海湾六国的经贸关系现状与前景分析

随着2004年7月海湾六国财政大臣的集体访华,中国与海湾六国的自由贸易协定谈判已经拉开序幕,双方之间的经贸往来必将驶入以石油合作为车头、全方位和深层次前行的高速道.本文在介绍海湾六国的经济状况、我国与海湾六国经贸关系的基础上,对双边经贸关系的前景进行了展望.     

中国与海湾六国的工程承包合作

在全球化背景下对中国工程承包企业海外经营的国际环境进行深入研究,是实施“走出去”战略的一项基础性工作。海湾六国是全球最大的工程承包市场,也是中国国际工程承包的重点地区。然而,海湾六国工程承包市场准入壁垒较高,不利于中国企业发挥后发优势。本文对中国与海湾六国工程承包合作研究主要论及市场准入壁垒、地缘安全环境、跨文化交际等问题,并据此利用SWOT分析模型对中国工程承包企业到海湾六国经营提出相关政策性建议。     

Emigration dynamics in the Arab region. IOM / UNFPA workshop, 7-8 October 1996, Geneva,Switzerland

This paper describes the four research monographs on emigration that were presented at the December 1995 Regional Workshop in the Arab Region. The workshop was an exchange of views and discussion of policy implications of emigration. Monographs were presented by Dr. Mayar Farrag on emigration in Egypt, Professor Nadji Safir on migration in the Maghreb, Dr. Setenay Shami on emigration dynamics in Jordan, and Dr. Lynn Evans on behalf of Dr. Ivy Papps on migration in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Dr. Farrag identified three periods of migration. During the mid-1960s to the mid-1970s, migrants were officially encouraged by Egypt to fill education positions. During the 1970s, many migrants left for the oil-producing countries on a temporary basis. Since the mid-1980s, the influences on Egyptian migration have been the economic recession and oil prices in the Gulf states, the completion of infrastructure projects in most Gulf states, and the replacement of foreign labor with nationals. Dr. Farrag recommended improving the migrants' skills in English and technology in order to maintain a dominant flow of temporary migrants to the Gulf region. Professor Safir reported that persons from the Maghreb region (Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco) migrated to France before independence and subsequently to West Germany and the Benelux countries. Algeria had the highest migration potential, and Morocco had the highest migration. Morocco had established networks in destination countries, high population growth rates, and high unemployment. Maghreb countries are receiving migrants from the south. Professor Safir recommended regional integration. Dr. Shami separated step migration from stepwise migration, which complicates push-pull theories. Dr. Papps argued that use of foreign labor may not be the best option for development, and that sending countries should be more aware of skill needs in GCC countries.     

未来中国经济:如何跨越“中等收入陷阱”

在全球经济危机影响下,中国经济面临外部条件恶化、国内问题凸显的考验,有关中国经济高速发展可持续性的争议引人关注。学术界对于"中等收入陷阱"的研究和分析表明,无论命题真伪,确实在一部分发展中国家的经济发展过程中,出现了"中等收入陷阱"的现象和事实。经济发展不仅仅是突破"贫困陷阱"和"人口陷阱"的问题,到一定阶段还会面临"中等收入陷阱"的挑战。中国未来5~10年是一个非常关键的发展时期,关系到是否可以顺利地跨越"中等收入陷阱",进入高收入国家行列。中国必须通过制度创新,彻底转变经济发展方式,这才是未来成功跨越"中等收入陷阱"的战略选择和必由之路。     

气候变化政治对海湾国家的影响

海湾地区气候炎热,淡水资源缺乏。长期以来,海湾国家主要依靠能源出口获取大量资金,借此修建海水淡化工厂等各种设施以适应和改善气候环境的影响。近年来,国际社会在应对全球变暖问题的协调合作中,已形成一种处理全球气候变化的政治。气候变化政治要求各国减少能源消耗和降低二氧化碳排放量以缓解全球变暖趋势,从而对海湾国家以能源出口收益来维护生存环境和社会稳定的基本经济模式构成冲击。面对气候变化政治带来的冲击,海湾国家目前的权宜选择只能是继续扩大能源出口,并尽量拖延实施气候变化协议来进行应对。然而,这种做法虽可以暂时保持海湾国家改善环境的努力和维护其经济政治结构稳定,但却难以消除全球气候变化政治今后长期推动能源结构调整和节能减排所带来的压力。     

Turkish dilemma after Operation Desert Storm (1990–1991): an analysis of “negative consequences”

This article analyzes the internal criticism of the political and economic consequences of Turkish support for the UN international coalition against Iraq's occupation of Kuwait in 1990. Was this criticism warranted and justifiable or not? To answer the research question, certain issues like the Kurdish problem, relations with other countries in the region, and economic issues will be examined in light of Operation Provide Comfort I and II regimes and the criticism they caused within Turkish politics. The paper will also examine the debate on the establishment of no-fly zones over northern Iraq, as well as the debate on the rise in “violence”.     

The Systems Approach in a Global Perspective: The New Economy and Reindustrialization

The existing economic model leads developed and developing countries to a stalemate. The global financial crisis of 2008–2009 revealed the instability and fragility of the current economic model. We can observe the consequences of the crisis (and its continuation) up to the present time. The problem is worse in those economies where the real sector of the economy has been steadily declining during recent years. The great dependence of developed countries on the global financial system, and, in particular, the IMF, causes unemployment to increase, deskills the working-age population, reduces the level of social welfare and aggravates problems of social tension. As for developing countries, they face the problem of attracting investors to the real sector of the economy. The latest economic and social crisis shows the high level of interdependence and demonstrates that all national economies are a united economic system, and that sustainable development is possible only if all work together.     

Population aging and long-term care policies in the Gulf region: a case study of Oman

Population aging is a phenomenon occurring across the globe including in countries traditionally exhibiting population dividends and “youth bulges.” The Gulf Corporation Council countries are no exception as they currently experience a process of population aging, albeit at a different stage from many developed countries. However, due to historically high fertility rates and fast-paced epidemiological transition, some of these countries will experience population aging at a higher pace than what has been observed in Europe and the United States. This article reviews recent developments in long-term care policies in the Gulf region with a focus on Oman as an example of a high-income Arab country that is experiencing population aging while still being governed by traditional family aged-care norms. Utilizing existing data and published research complemented by policy analysis and field visits, we analyze the process of population aging in Oman and neighboring countries and its policy implications.     

Informal Economic Activities in Industrialized Nations: Insights From Belgium and the United Kingdom

This study examines how informal economic activities (IEAs) can be (re)formalized in a way that will not destroy their potential for being assets for community development. The very concept of collaborative development in public administration is applied to social work’s asset-based community development (ABCD). This cross-application enables the exploration of alternatives for the challenges encountered in IEAs within industrialized nations. The authors argue that IEAs differ from the underground economy and deserve a different policy response. Social capital will be the overarching framework. Studies of two Western European countries (specifically, Belgium and the UK) will be used as examples.