离散随机变量概率分布的信度模型

在贝叶斯理论中,随机变量被假设服从某个离散概率分布f(x,θ),而未知参数θ也是随机变量服从某个先验分布π(θ).文章研究了离散概率分布的信度估计,讨论了信度估计的性质.在多样本数据下估计了线性贝叶斯估计中的结构参数,得到了f(x,θ)的经验贝叶斯估计.给出的概率分布律的信度估计可以直接用于实际.     

广义线性混合模型框架下的信度模型分析

尝试在广义线性混合模型的框架下构建信度模型。在广义线性混合模型框架中,假定被解释变量服从指数簇分布,假定自然参数先验分布为相应的自然共轭先验分布簇,按照Bayes理论,通过特殊构造,给出推论:对随机效应的估计满足经典信度公式。参数估计部分,利用自然共轭先验分布簇参数子列上下极限的性质找出先验分布参数的含义和关系,使用伪似然方法给出信度估计公式。并以特例形式讨论Tweedie模型,对模型进行变形,得到特例的Bühlmann-Straub信度和经典的Bühlmann信度。该模型同时考虑先验信息与后验信息,对整合分类费率与个体经验费率提供一定参考。     

Pareto分布参数估计的损失函数和风险函数的Bayes推断

文章在共轭先验分布下,研究pareto分布参数1/θ的损失函数和风险函数的Bayes估计,并对各种Bayes估计的性质进行讨论,最后指出各种Bayes估计的合理性。     

一种车险先验风险分布的参数估计方法

采用全体车险保单组合的风险损失数据(即先验信息)作为定价的信度补充,是车险精算定价的主流方法;而得到风险损失的先验分布或特征信息是经验费率定价的基础.文章引入过程和结构方差分析方法对车险索赔过程的先验分布参数进行估计;并提出了针对索赔频率和索赔额模型的参数估计方法.该方法能快速近似估计多参数分布模型,优于传统参数估计方法.     

三参数Burr分布经验贝叶斯估计的渐近性

文章在平方损失下研究三参数BurrI分布族形状参数的经验贝叶斯(EB)估计的渐近性。在先验分布形式未知的情况下,采用非参数估计方法导出了BurrI分布族形状参数的贝叶斯(Bayes)估计,利用历史样本采用密度函数核估计方法,构造了边缘密度函数及其导函数的估计,将它们代入Bayes估计式中,得到了形状参数的EB估计。在一定的条件下,证明所得到的EB估计具有渐近性,其收敛速度为n-γ(s-1)(δ-2)/δ(2s+1)。文章还举例说明满足定理条件的参数的先验分布是存在的。     

不同先验下Pareto分布参数的Bayes估计及其容许性

文章讨论了Pareto分布参数θ在不同的先验分布下的Bayes估计,然后讨论了在平方损失下,参数θ的形如(cT(x)+d)-1估计的可容许性.     

逐步增加的Ⅱ型截尾下Lomax分布形状参数的估计

文章在逐步增加的Ⅱ型截尾下,给出了Lomax分布形状参数θ的极大似然估计;由“平均剩余寿命”的概念得到了形状参数的逆矩估计,在平方损失函数和对称熵损失函数下,针对不同的先验分布给出了参数θ的Bayes估计;最后通过随机模拟对几个估计进行了比较,说明了在相同的损失函数下,取共轭先验分布较无信息先验分布的精度要高.     

无失效数据情形指数分布可靠性参数的估计

假设产品的寿命服从指数分布,在无失效数据情形,文章给出了当失效率λ的先验分布的核为e-bλ(0<λ<λ0)时,超参数b取2种先验分布时失效率的E-Bayes(Expected-Bayes)估计和多层Bayes估计。最后对实际数据进行了计算,并分析了超参数的先验分布对失效率和可靠度估计的影响及E-Bayes估计和多层Bayes估计之间的关系。     

威布尔分布场合下无失效数据的可靠性参数估计

文章假设产品的寿命服从威布尔分布,在无失效数据情形,当失效概率pi的先验分布为π(pi|b)=b(1-pi)b-1(1相似文献   

正态分布场合下无失效数据的可靠性参数估计

文章假设产品的寿命服从正态分布,在无失效数据情形,当失效概率pi的先验分布为π(pi|b)=b(1-pi)b-1(1相似文献   

Empirical Uncertain Bayes Methods in Area‐level Models

Random effects model can account for the lack of fitting a regression model and increase precision of estimating area‐level means. However, in case that the synthetic mean provides accurate estimates, the prior distribution may inflate an estimation error. Thus, it is desirable to consider the uncertain prior distribution, which is expressed as the mixture of a one‐point distribution and a proper prior distribution. In this paper, we develop an empirical Bayes approach for estimating area‐level means, using the uncertain prior distribution in the context of a natural exponential family, which we call the empirical uncertain Bayes (EUB) method. The regression model considered in this paper includes the Poisson‐gamma and the binomial‐beta, and the normal‐normal (Fay–Herriot) model, which are typically used in small area estimation. We obtain the estimators of hyperparameters based on the marginal likelihood by using a well‐known expectation‐maximization algorithm and propose the EUB estimators of area means. For risk evaluation of the EUB estimator, we derive a second‐order unbiased estimator of a conditional mean squared error by using some techniques of numerical calculation. Through simulation studies and real data applications, we evaluate a performance of the EUB estimator and compare it with the usual empirical Bayes estimator.     

Empirical bayes shrinkage estimation of reliability in the exponential distribution

In this paper we propose two empirical Bayes shrinkage estimators for the reliability of the exponential distribution and study their properties. Under the uniform prior distribution and the inverted gamma prior distribution these estimators are developed and compared with a preliminary test estimator and with a shrinkage testimator in terms of mean squared error. The proposed empirical Bayes shrinkage estimator under the inverted gamma prior distribution is shown to be preferable to the preliminary test estimator and the shrinkage testimator when the prior value of mean life is clsoe to the true mean life.     

BAYES EMPIRICAL BAYES APPROACH TO ESTIMATION OF THE FAILURE RATE IN EXPONENTIAL DISTRIBUTION

ABSTRACT

In the empirical Bayes (EB) decision problem consisting of squared error estimation of the failure rate in exponential distribution, a prior Λ is placed on the gamma family of prior distributions to produce Bayes EB estimators which are admissible. A subclass of such estimators is shown to be asymptotically optimal (a.o.). The results of a Monte Carlo study are presented to demonstrate the a.o. property of the Bayes EB estimators.     

A note on james-stein and bayes empiricl bayes estimators

In an empirical Bayes decision problem, a simple class of estimators is constructed that dominate the James-Stein

estimator, A prior distribution A is placed on a restricted (normal) class G of priors to produce a Bayes empirical Bayes estimator, The Bayes empirical Bayes estimator is smooth, admissible, and asymptotically optimal. For certain A rate of convergence to minimum Bayes risk is 0(n^-1)uniformly on G. The results of a Monte Carlo study are presented to demonstrate the favorable risk bebhavior of the Bayes estimator In comparison with other competitors including the James-Stein estimator.     

Adaptive nonparametric empirical Bayes estimation via wavelet series: The minimax study

In the present paper, we derive lower bounds for the risk of the nonparametric empirical Bayes estimators. In order to attain the optimal convergence rate, we propose generalization of the linear empirical Bayes estimation method which takes advantage of the flexibility of the wavelet techniques. We present an empirical Bayes estimator as a wavelet series expansion and estimate coefficients by minimizing the prior risk of the estimator. As a result, estimation of wavelet coefficients requires solution of a well-posed low-dimensional sparse system of linear equations. The dimension of the system depends on the size of wavelet support and smoothness of the Bayes estimator. An adaptive choice of the resolution level is carried out using Lepski et al. (1997) method. The method is computationally efficient and provides asymptotically optimal adaptive EB estimators. The theory is supplemented by numerous examples.     

Empirical Bayes estimation for the mean of the selected normal population when there are additional data

ABSTRACT

This paper is concerned with the problem of estimation for the mean of the selected population from two normal populations with unknown means and common known variance in a Bayesian framework. The empirical Bayes estimator, when there are available additional observations, is derived and its bias and risk function are computed. The expected bias and risk of the empirical Bayes estimator and the intuitive estimator are compared. It is shown that the empirical Bayes estimator is asymptotically optimal and especially dominates the intuitive estimator in terms of Bayes risk, with respect to any normal prior. Also, the Bayesian correlation between the mean of the selected population (random parameter) and some interested estimators are obtained and compared.     

On asymptotic optimality of bayes empirical bayes estimators

In an empirical Bayes decision problem, a prior distribution ? is placed on a one-dimensfonal family G of priors G_w, wεΩ, to produce a Bayes empirical Bayes estimator, The asymptotic optimaiity of the Bayes estimator is established when the support of ? is Ω and the marginal distributions H_w have monotone likelihood ratio and continuous Kullback-Leibler information number.     

Minimaxity of empirical bayes estimators of the means of independent normal variables with unequal variances

The problem of simultaneous estimation of normal means is considered when variances are unequal and the loss is sum of squared errors. Minimaxity or non-minimaxity of empirical Bayes estimators is investigated when the common prior distribution is given by normal one with mean 0. Minimaxity results for the case when the loss is a weighted sum of squared errors is also given. Monte Carlo simulation results are given to compare the risk behavior of the empirical Bayes estimator with those of other minimax ones.     

Extended linear empirical bayes estimation

In this paper, the linear empirical Bayes estimation method, which is based on approximation of the Bayes estimator by a linear function, is generalized to an extended linear empirical Bayes estimation technique which represents the Bayes estimator by a series of algebraic polynomials. The extended linear empirical Bayes estimators are elaborated in the case of a location or a scale parameter. The theory is illustrated by examples of its application to the normal distribution with a location parameter and the gamma distribution with a scale parameter. The linear and the extended linear empirical Bayes estimators are constructed in these two cases and, then, studied numerically via Monte Carlo simulations. The simulations show that the extended linear empirical Bayes estimators have better convergence rates than the traditional linear empirical Bayes estimators.     

Bootstrap adjustments for empirical bayes interval estimates of small-area proportions

Empirical Bayes approaches have often been applied to the problem of estimating small-area parameters. As a compromise between synthetic and direct survey estimators, an estimator based on an empirical Bayes procedure is not subject to the large bias that is sometimes associated with a synthetic estimator, nor is it as variable as a direct survey estimator. Although the point estimates perform very well, naïve empirical Bayes confidence intervals tend to be too short to attain the desired coverage probability, since they fail to incorporate the uncertainty which results from having to estimate the prior distribution. Several alternative methodologies for interval estimation which correct for the deficiencies associated with the naïve approach have been suggested. Laird and Louis (1987) proposed three types of bootstrap for correcting naïve empirical Bayes confidence intervals. Calling the methodology of Laird and Louis (1987) an unconditional bias-corrected naïve approach, Carlin and Gelfand (1991) suggested a modification to the Type III parametric bootstrap which corrects for bias in the naïve intervals by conditioning on the data. Here we empirically evaluate the Type II and Type III bootstrap proposed by Laird and Louis, as well as the modification suggested by Carlin and Gelfand (1991), with the objective of examining coverage properties of empirical Bayes confidence intervals for small-area proportions.