浅谈现代饭店的可持续竞争优势

经济全球化的发展和信息技术的发展,把人类带入了一个崭新的时期,饭店企业必须要面对全球资源和市场的竞争。竞争加大了饭店建立可持续竞争优势的重要性与现实性。未来的饭店竞争将更激烈,饭店要实现长久发展就必须形成自己的可持续竞争优势。     

基于无形资源的竞争优势

在企业战略管理理论框架中 ,以资源为基础的竞争优势观和以活动为基础的竞争优势观 ,长期以来一直处于某种孤立或对立状态。本文认为 ,这二者可以在基于无形资源的竞争优势这一的新的分析框架中有机地结合起来。无形资源对竞争优势贡献的差异取决于竞争所处的特定的层面 ,企业为获得竞争优势 ,必须逐步形成与每个竞争层面相匹配的能力。我们通过对移动通讯产业发展的案例分析说明 ,企业对自己所拥有的资源和所处的竞争层面的理解 ,以及不断培养、改善和提高企业运用无形资源的能力 ,对其取得竞争优势具有决定性的意义。     

需求不确定下生产能力与竞争优势之间的关系

在需求不确定的条件下,用生产能力刻画产量决策的柔性,用古诺模型描述企业间的(产量)竞争,建立一个两企业战略竞争博弈模型,并利用博弈均衡构建柔性水平与竞争优势之间的函数关系。比较静态分析结果表明,(1)其他条件不变,一家企业的相对竞争优势随着自己的生产能力增加而增加,但随着对手的生产能力增加而降低;(2)生产能力较高的企业将获得较高的绝对竞争优势。这些结果暗示,柔性水平与竞争优势之间呈现一种正向的变动关系。这一结论一方面在一定程度上澄清了战略管理文献中呈现出的"战略柔性与竞争优势之间的联系方向模凌两可"这一问题;另一方面,由于引入了竞争性战略互动,从而将基于个人理性决策的结果扩展到战略相互依赖的竞争性情形下。     

浅谈将政治优势转化为竞争优势

党的十八大精神指出"做好各项工作,必须建立符合市场经济规律和我国国情的领导体制与管理制度,加强各级领导班子建设,发挥党组织的政治核心作用,坚持全心全意依靠工人阶级的方针。要把发挥党的政治优势同运用市场机制结合起来,调动各方面的积极性,形成合力,确保各项改革和发展任务的顺利完成。"在社会主义市场经济中,企事业单位是市场的主体,企事业单位在市场上的生存与发展靠得是竞争实力。因此,在新形势下,如何把发挥党组织的政治优势同运用市场机制结合起来,充分发挥党组织的作用,努力推进各项管理工作,将党组织的政治优势转化为竞争优势,已成为当下党组织不容忽视的重要课题。     

基于价值链管理视角建立企业竞争优势的研究

迈克尔·波特的价值链与竞争优势理论为我们认识企业价值活动的意义,分析企业竞争优势来源,提供了一个科学的分析工具。笔者通过对波特价值链与竞争优势理论的研究,探讨了现实中企业应该如何建立竞争优势。     

关于三网融合后提升中国电信企业竞争优势的思考

三网融合推动了经济和社会快速发展,本文从建立信息产业竞争优势的六大要素角度考虑,分析了三网融合对提升信息产业竞争优势发挥的重要作用,且以中国电信为例,重点解析三网融合后企业如何确立自己的竞争优势地位。     

双重视角下的竞争优势:内涵、代表性研究与基本分析单位

竞争优势是战略管理研究领域的核心概念。但是,现有文献对竞争优势的理解与分析视角存在着诸多差异,导致竞争优势的分析单位也不尽相同。为推动竞争优势理论的整合,本文从双重视角审视竞争优势的概念及代表性研究,并提出把产品作为竞争优势基本分析单位的分析逻辑与重要意义,为竞争优势理论的整合和发展提供了一个新的思路。     

集群理论与竞争优势

集群理论首先由美国哈佛大学商学院管理学教授迈克·波特提出,他认为集群在促进产业的竞争与合作方面发挥着积极的作用。而作为集群理论基础的是波特于90年代初提出的国家竞争优势理论。     

变比较优势为竞争优势 向区域性中心城市跨越

随着新一轮区域经济竞争的展开，地区竞争力强弱已成为关系一个地区可持续发展的关键。荆门要在未来竞争中赢得主动，既取决于比较优势的挖掘与培育，也取决于将比较优势转化为竞争优势。     

日本在华跨国公司竞争地位与竞争优势研究

将国际生产折衷理论应用于跨国公司竞争优势的分析,从专属优势、区位因素、内部化优势的角度,分析日本在华跨国公司取得有利竞争地位的决定因素.基于对230家日本在华投资母公司的应答问卷分析,得出:日本在华跨国公司竞争优势主要来自于专属优势以及部分区位因素,而内部化优势与竞争优势的关系并不显著.     

From Temporary Competitive Advantage to Sustainable Competitive Advantage

Both industrial organization theory (IO) and the resource‐based view of the firm (RBV) have advanced our understanding of the antecedents of competitive advantage but few have attempted to verify the outcome variables of competitive advantage and the persistence of such outcome variables. Here by integrating both IO and RBV perspectives in the analysis of competitive advantage at the firm level, our study clarifies a conceptual distinction between two types of competitive advantage ? temporary competitive advantage and sustainable competitive advantage ? and explores how firms transform temporary competitive advantage into sustainable competitive advantage. Testing of the developed hypotheses, based on a survey of 165 firms from Taiwan's information and communication technology industry, suggests that firms with a stronger market position can only attain a better outcome of temporary competitive advantage whereas firms possessing a superior position in technological resources or capabilities can attain a better outcome of sustainable competitive advantage. More importantly, firms can leverage a temporary competitive advantage as an outcome of market position to improving their technological resource and capability position, which in turn can enhance their sustainable competitive advantage.     

企业竞争优势的经济学分析

本文尝试用经济学的分析方法和工具,研究分析竞争优势的经济学含义与衡量标准,为竞争优势的定量分析提供分析框架;运用垄断竞争企业模型诠释竞争战略的经济学含义,揭示竞争优势差异和演化的规律;用经济租金理论分析竞争优势形成和持续的原因,认为只有创新才是企业竞争优势的不竭之源。     

过程导向的可持续竞争优势因果关系链分析

对可持续竞争优势的外生性分析是基于企业同质性假设,把企业看成黑箱。以资源基础论为主流的内生性分析基于企业异质性假设,突破了企业黑箱,但由于提出了过分宽泛的资源概念,而且专注于对可持续竞争优势的条件特征的讨论和分析,客观上形成了"过程黑箱",影响到该理论的深入发展和管理学应用前景。本论文将能力概念从广义的资源概念中分离出来,在基于能力的新战略观基础上,将"资源-战略-绩效"架构具体化,构造了一个过程导向的可持续竞争优势因果关系链模型。     

互联网企业的梯度竞争优势——联众网络游戏成功的理论解释

近两年 ,联众网络游戏的成功引起了业界极大关注 ,其成功的原因也成为分析家谈论的焦点。但是这些分析由于没有考虑网络企业独特的行为模式和产业环境对企业经营的影响 ,因而缺乏足够的说服力。本文试图把联众的发展过程置于产业环境与网络企业行为模式的背景下 ,剖析联众成功的关键因素 ,提出梯度竞争优势理论 ,作为解释联众和其他网络企业竞争优势的形成的理论工具     

An Elementary Theory of Comparative Advantage

Comparative advantage, whether driven by technology or factor endowment, is at the core of neoclassical trade theory. Using tools from the mathematics of complementarity, this paper offers a simple yet unifying perspective on the fundamental forces that shape comparative advantage. The main results characterize sufficient conditions on factor productivity and factor supply to predict patterns of international specialization in a multifactor generalization of the Ricardian model which we refer to as an “elementary neoclassical economy.” These conditions, which hold for an arbitrarily large number of countries, goods, and factors, generalize and extend many results from the previous trade literature. They also offer new insights about the joint effects of technology and factor endowments on international specialization.     

Fitting Management Control Systems to Competitive Advantage

Recent publications suggest that existing management accounting and control systems prevent business unit managers realising their desired competitive advantage. Although the concept of competitive advantage has already been thoroughly discussed in strategy literature, it has not yet been integrated in the management accounting and management control frameworks. Only a limited number of researchers have concentrated on contingency research in this area. Contingency theory simply states that organization structure, process and management control systems are contingent upon various internal and external factors, such as industry, technology, size, culture and strategy (Anthony and Young, 1988; Anthony et al., 1992). This article is an attempt to identify and investigate the management control – strategy relationship. We report the results of our exploratory field research in 18 companies (32 business units). Based on our results, we formulate some hypotheses on the observed characteristics of the management control process in case of low-cost strategy, differentiation strategy in a standard product environment and differentiation strategy for customized products (make to order, engineer to order).     

Valuing Dealers' Informational Advantage: A Study of Canadian Treasury Auctions

In many financial markets, dealers have the advantage of observing the orders of their customers. To quantify the economic benefit that dealers derive from this advantage, we study detailed data from Canadian Treasury auctions, where dealers observe customer bids while preparing their own bids. In this setting, dealers can use information on customer bids to learn about (i) competition, that is, the distribution of competing bids in the auction, and (ii) fundamentals, that is, the ex post value of the security being auctioned. We devise formal hypothesis tests for both sources of informational advantage. In our data, we do not find evidence that dealers are learning about fundamentals. We find that the “information about competition” contained in customer bids accounts for 13–27% of dealers' expected profits.     

Temporary Competitive Advantage: A State‐of‐the‐Art Literature Review and Research Directions

In many industries, the traditional sources of competitive advantage tend to evaporate fairly rapidly. Therefore, managers need to continually rethink and reformulate their firm strategies. Likewise, scholars have felt compelled to shift the traditional centre of attention from competitive advantage that is sustainable over time to a focus on how firms compete by achieving a series of temporary advantages. However, the proliferation of research on temporary competitive advantage, far from building a solid body of literature, has produced a series of fragmented studies. This condition calls for detecting the state of knowledge in this realm of strategic inquiry. By leveraging the present status of the literature on temporary competitive advantage, we offer a conceptual map of the current inquiry of the antecedents, management, and consequences of temporary competitive advantage. Then, we identify the key implications for strategy theory and discuss the major challenges for cultivating fertile territories in this intriguing area of research.     

Regulation as Country‐Specific (Dis‐)Advantage: Smoking Bans and the Location of Foreign Direct Investment in the Tobacco Industry

This paper seeks to examine the relationship between smoking bans and the propensity of tobacco firms to engage in foreign direct investment (FDI). Using international business theory based on the firm‐specific advantage/country‐specific advantage (FSA/CSA) matrix, the authors show that, contrary to what one may expect, smoking bans at home are an important institutional intervention, reducing the propensity for firms to engage in FDI, even to countries without a ban themselves.