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1.
瑶族度戒是瑶族道教的传度仪式。本文通过分析瑶族度戒所蕴涵的道教思想 ,考察瑶族度戒十戒戒条的道经根据 ,认为瑶族度戒是道教授的传承和衍化。瑶族度戒源于早期正一道的授科仪 ,瑶族度戒仪式中的诸多道教因素 ,反映出瑶族宗教道教化的特质。道教在瑶族社会的传播及其与瑶民族文化相结合而发生的衍变 ,通过在瑶族社会具有深远影响的度戒可以得到说明。度戒作为瑶族吸取道教思想而形成的仪礼 ,在瑶族社会中发挥的宗教功能 ,具有深刻的人类学意义  相似文献   

2.
瑶族成人礼     
《中国民族》2007,(11):73-73
“度戒”是瑶族比较隆重的民间传统成年礼俗,是进行族史、族规、礼仪道德和戒律条文的一种传承教育。他们认为,只有经过“度戒”的男子才能被承认是盘古王的子孙,才能记入家谱。才能受到族人的尊重。这种古老的传承文化至今还在云南瑶族地区沿袭。我们来到了金平县一个名叫保保寨的村子,来看瑶家男孩的成人礼俗。  相似文献   

3.
“度戒”是瑶族传统民间信仰,也是活态的生活方式.其中蕴含着丰富的瑶族民众关于自然界和宇宙的知识和实践.在社会转型的时代背景下,“度戒”正在发生着剧烈的变化,也出现了许多亟须解决的问题.制定度戒“非遗”保护的措施必须以其具体情况为依据,从传承场的拓展、度戒文化内涵的重新诠释、竞争机制的设立与合理的文化重构等方面入手进行统筹,方能实现有效的保护和传承.  相似文献   

4.
度戒是瑶族地区最为重要的宗教仪式之一.在过往有关瑶族度戒仪式的研究中,学者们都将研究视角集中在仪式中的男性身上,而对于仪式中的女性关注少之又少.此种研究盲区不仅使我们难以窥探度戒仪式的全貌,同时也是对在仪式中扮演一定角色的瑶族女性的不重视.基于此原因,本文以广西宁明县海渊茶场一个瑶族村寨的度戒仪式为研究对象,通过对度戒仪式的过程展现,从中探讨仪式中不同年龄层的女性角色,从而达到真实、全面展示仪式及客观评价仪式中女性观的目的.  相似文献   

5.
在粤北方洞,瑶族度身仪式与家先观念及其"厅"组织三者之间存在紧密的逻辑关联。将度身置于家先观念及社会结构进行考察,探索度身产生与维系的观念基础及社会基础,是全面理解方洞瑶族度戒仪式的关键。认为对瑶族度戒仪式进行简单的"超地方"论述是危险的,应将度戒仪式植回具体生态环境、思想观念、社会结构、政治经济中,进行地方性、情境化思考。  相似文献   

6.
"度戒"是滇东南蓝靛瑶表达生活知识的结构性仪式行为。在国家主流意识和多元文化的影响下,瑶族民间"度戒"仪式很难续持传统的结构边缘,仪式嬗变为交融传统价值和现代工具意识的表达性行为。人们将传统的成年礼"度戒"仪式结构化地发展成为增光家屋"脸面"和抬显家人地位的"夸富"行为,结构化的"度戒"仪式被人们"反结构"地改造成服务于提升家屋地位的工具。  相似文献   

7.
描述了越南勉瑶供奉盘王和为男子举行度戒仪式的过程.指出了越南勉瑶供奉盘王和度戒仪式与很多文化因素有密切关系.这些仪式世代相传,承载着瑶族的特色文化,有连接瑶族文化的重要作用.  相似文献   

8.
我国一些少数民族至今还保留着举行成年礼仪的古老遗风。在这些少数民族中,为成年而举行的仪式虽然各不相同,但仪式的性质和意义都是一样的,它是男孩子和女孩子成年的标志。 瑶族的度戒 瑶族分散居住在广东、广西、湖南、贵州、云南等地,人口21万多,支系庞杂,习俗差异明显,即使同支系也因居住地区不同而有着不同的习俗。 瑶族人成年的年龄都在十五六岁,头饰的改变是成年的标志。女童长到十五六岁,便由戴花帽改为包头帕,集  相似文献   

9.
本文对中国云南和老挝、越南的蓝靛瑶度戒面具进行描述和分析,着重探讨了花根父面具和花根父这个神灵,提出了花很父可能是蓝靛瑶氏族时代的图腾等观点。这是首篇探讨蓝靛度戒面具的文章。面具是世界性的古老文化现象,是一种具有特殊表意性质的象征符号,历史上曾被广泛使用于祭祀、丧葬、戏剧、舞蹈等领域,具有民族学、历史学、宗教学、雕刻、绘画等多学科的研究价值。中国是世界上面具历史最悠久、流传最广泛的国家之一,汉族和众多少数民族都有面具,构成了丰富多彩的中国面具文化。瑶族度戒面具虽然为众多面具文化研究者所知,但事实…  相似文献   

10.
瑶族传统教育核心是在地方性地理空间中,以在生产生活实践中提升未来劳动力的技能为主,同时又不忘族群之历史文化文明的灌输,落脚点在于与区域性文化适应中获得生存性智慧。教育形式则有一定的灵活性,体现为集歌堂教育、仪式教育和实践教育于一体。瑶族传统教育思想对山地民族区域实施精准扶贫具有一定的借鉴意义,具体而言职业教育介入精准扶贫要做到对接民族历史、对接社会实践、对接区域现实。  相似文献   

11.
中国信仰伊斯兰教的少数民族一般都实行割礼。割礼就是在男孩子长到一定年龄时举行一定的仪式割去他们阴茎上过长的包皮。行过割礼之后,这个小男孩便成了一个穆斯林。割礼既是中国信仰伊斯兰教的民族通行的重大人生礼仪,也是穆斯林民族文化特性的标志,还是卫生之举,广为穆斯林民众所接受。随着历史的进步和社会的发展,中国穆斯林民族割礼习俗中最初单纯的宗教性涵义已日趋淡化,从而在一定程度上使割礼变成一种展示民族传统文化、共同心理、思维特征和精神面貌的文化复合体。  相似文献   

12.
肖坤冰 《民族学刊》2016,7(6):55-60,111-112
Modernization and globalization have already become the central themes of contem-porary China. As the carriers of traditional ethnic culture, ethnic minority villages and families have inevitably been involved in this development trend. After school-aged children in ethnic minority fami-lies enter schools, they are separated from their o-riginal cultural environment; meanwhile, the school curriculum is entirely based on the modern western education system. As a result, traditional culture inheritance among contemporary China’s younger generations has been facing unprecedented challenges and crises. The project of ‘Ethnic Culture Entering School Activities’ , which has been implemented in some ethnic minority regions in recent years, can be considered as a beneficial effort to realize the live transmission of ethnic intangible culture by means of school education. ‘Ethnic Culture Ente-ring School Activities ’ , was first initiated in Guizhou province, and later was gradually expand-ed to Yunnan, Guangxi, Hunan, and other prov-inces that have a number of ethnic minorities. Al-though Sichuan province is home to many Tibetan, Qiang , and Yi peoples, this project was implemen-ted in Sichuan very late, thus there is little rele-vant research. Based on the investigations on the status of ‘Qiang Culture entering School Activi-ties’ at three schools in Sichuan’s Wenchuan coun-ty, this article summarizes the characteristics and existing problems in different schools for the trans-mission of ethnic culture so as to provide a reliable reference for related projects in the future. With a survey analysis, the author discovers that ‘Qiang Culture entering School Activities’ at these three schools show differences in terms of the richness of course design, the awareness of its im-portance, and implementation effect; meanwhile, those exiting problems not only reveal the perva-siveness of this project throughout southwest Chi-na, but also show the individual particularities caused by geographical location, school level, and main tasks. Moreover, when investigating these is-sues more deeply, four ‘hidden’ features can be summarized as follows:First, there are structural differences between ordinary elementary and middle schools and voca-tional schools. Vocational schools emphasize more on the transmission of ethnic cultures. Second, the traditional culture of local ethnic minorities has been inherited more naturally in the marginal regions than those more urbanized re-gions. Third, although they are all recognized as in-tangible heritage, different types of traditional cul-ture have an unequal development. The performing type such as singing and dancing shows the most superior transmission ability in ethnic culture; the second superior type is traditional handicraft while ethnic language is obviously the most difficult one in terms of the transmission of ethnic culture. Fourth, the ‘Ethnic Culture Entering School Activities ’ project in different ethnic minority groups has the unbalanced development even in the same region. In the Aba Tibetan and Qiang Auton-omous Prefecture, the Qiang elites generally com-plain that their minority groups have received far less favorable national preferential policies and are viewed with less importance than Tibetan people. The compiling of Tibetan textbooks, Tibetan lan-guage curriculum, and bilingual examination sys-tem are more conducive to the transmission of Ti-betan culture. Concerning the above mentioned problems, this article puts forward the following suggestions:first, the relevant administration should further in-crease the capital investment, and promote the training of teaching staff and school-based text-books;second, local education departments should set up an efficient assessment and incentive mecha-nism, and promote the formation of a social envi-ronment wherein ethnic cultural study has useful applications;finally, schools in ethnic minority re-gions should strengthen cooperation and exchanges among themselves, and build connections with rel-evant education administrations and research insti-tutions. The fundamental difficulty in implementing the ‘Ethnic Culture Entering School Activities ’ project lies in the fact that traditional culture has not been included in the examination content of the modern education system. Therefore, in the ele-mentary and middle school education, the primary goal is to increase the enrollment rate of students, while the transmission of traditional culture is noth-ing more than a slogan. In order to achieve the goal of integrating traditional ethnic culture into the modern education system, we must rely on the co-operation among education administrations, schools, families, and society as a whole, and constantly improve corresponding assessment and incentive mechanisms, thus jointly creating a so-cial environment that ethnic culture has useful ap-plications. Meanwhile, intangible cultural carri-ers, intellectuals who desire to disseminate their ethnic culture, and the parents of the students should all be encouraged to participate; by doing so, we can accelerate the spread of ethnic culture into local schools step by step.  相似文献   

13.
成吉思汗祭祀是蒙古族祭祀文化的象征符号。近百年来,成吉思汗祭祀文化及其祭祀的文化空间和仪式发生了很大的变迁。在全球经济一体化之时,成吉思汗祭祀文化传统正成为一种人文资源,被用来建构产生在全球经济一体化中的民族政治和民族文化的主体意识,同时也成为当地的文化和经济发展的新的符号。文章以2000年成吉思汗龙年大祭的祭祀仪式为个案,描述了成吉思汗祭祀在当代语境下的传承及蒙古族对其传统文化符号的认同。  相似文献   

14.
传统文化习俗作为一种历史的积淀,与现代教育的产生和发展密不可分.一个族群的传统文化习俗与历史背景,会在一定程度上影响其成员的学业成就.本研究在实地调研的基础上,探讨土瑶传统文化习俗与学校教育之间的关系及其对土瑶儿童学业成就的影响,通过对土瑶部分传统文化习俗的"深度描写",揭示学校院墙之外影响学校教育发展的因素,从文化的视角和层面来探究土瑶学校教育失败的根源.  相似文献   

15.
道德不仅是社会和谐的重要的道义基础,而且也是构建和谐社会的精神动力.中国少数民族优秀传统道德是中华传统道德的重要组成部分;深入研究少数民族优秀传统道德中蕴含的民族精神、积淀的文化遗产以及所传承的教育方式,对于构建社会主义和谐社会具有重要的理论和现实意义.  相似文献   

16.
李永政  王李霞 《民族学刊》2014,5(1):88-91,127-128
文化融合是一种客观的历史现象,也是现今的一种社会存在状态;是民族关系的重要内容,也是文化得以发展的重要途径。国家的概念则是近现代才从西方国家传入的新鲜产物,是生活在其地域范围内的人们对其所在国家的认识、评价与情感,主要表现于国家政治共同体和结构层面以及共同的中华民族的精神层面的认同。国家认同于国家本身、于个人都具有非常重要的意义,其中少数民族的国家认同问题显得尤为迫切。而国家认同教育是国家认同构建中的重要内容和方式。学校教育是建立国家认同的有效途径。我国的各民族的文化融合是少数民族国家认同教育的前提与基础、有力保障、表现形式,也是少数民族大学生国家认同教育的高级目标,具有重要的意义与深远的影响。我国也从中国的实际情况出发,并吸收了中国历来坚持"和而不同"处理民族关系的宝贵经验与优秀传统,制定出了相应的民族政策,坚定地保障民族文化融合,加强少数民族的国家认同教育,促进国家的稳定与团结。  相似文献   

17.
民族教育是中国少数民族教育的简称,是一门揭示教育的一般原理在具体民族环境中应用的一般规律的科学,是教育学的分支学科。我国民族教育研究的任务是通过实现我国少数民族教育的现代化来促进各少数民族文化的现代化转型。  相似文献   

18.
“虎日”戒毒盟誓仪式的考察与研究运用了人类学的人类研究的整体论原则,在寻找地方族群毒品依赖行为的社会文化原因的同时,考虑建立不同于科学的方法论的另一种方法论-即以文化的力量战胜人类生物性的成瘾性。彝族人民运用强大的习惯法与仪式、家支组织、信仰与尊严、民俗道德、亲情教化等集合的文化的力量,成了中国戒毒成功率最高的范例。影视人类学片《虎日》则一改传统纪录片单纯描述与诠释的特点,卷入了探索影片的直接的应用的目的并付诸实施,从而为影视人类学开辟了直接应用的新的方向。  相似文献   

19.
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