共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 10 毫秒
1.
Review of Economics of the Household - This paper explores the effect of violent crime on teenage pregnancy in Mexico using data from a nationally representative longitudinal survey conducted... 相似文献
2.
There is a growing, multidisciplinary body of evidence on the effects that neighborhoods have on family outcomes. This evidence is important for social workers as we work with clients and communities from a person-in-environment perspective. In this article the authors present findings from a systematic, integrative review of neighborhood effects specifically for crime and safety. Thirty-seven research studies using random samples from urban, U.S. areas between 2002 and 2008 are reviewed. Findings suggest socio-demographic characteristics of neighborhoods and neighborhood processes are both predictive of crime and safety. Further, some neighborhood conditions may affect crime and safety in unexpected ways. Implications for social work practice, neighborhood interventions, and evidence-based practice are discussed. 相似文献
3.
Gensler H 《International journal of sociology of the family》1996,26(1):77-88
"The effect of welfare on family size is estimated by means of an ordered probit analysis on single female household heads. A multiyear cross-sectional pooled data set derived from the U.S. Census Bureau's Current Population Survey over the period 1979 to 1990 is analyzed. Behavioral impacts from a range of economic variables are consistent in sign with theoretical predictions, and are of reasonable magnitudes. A $1,000 increase in the amount of welfare per child can be expected to increase family size by 6.7 percent for single female-headed households." 相似文献
4.
In extending Durkheimian thought on the relationship between deviance and social order, Erikson (1966) advanced the constancy of crime hypothesis, maintaining that the volume of deviant behavior remains stable over time. Erikson's data for Essex County do show remarkable stability for the years 1651–1680 in the reported offender rate. However, Essex County represents a very limited test of the hypothesis. We present comparative historical data for the entirety of Plymouth Colony, 1633–1679, finding that change—not constancy—best characterizes the evidence. The lack of unequivocal support for the hypothesis suggests a need for its rethinking. Several such possibilities are briefly discussed.We wish to thank our colleagues David L. Smith, Charles J. Dudley, Michael Hughes, Richard Schuster, Alan C. Acock (Sociology), A. Roger Ekirch (Department of History) and the anonymous reviewers ofQualitative Sociology for their helpful suggestions on a prior version of this paper. The research was made possible by a small project grant from VPI & SU, and we gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Catherine L. Hammond in completing the investigation. 相似文献
5.
Anindya Sen 《Review of Economics of the Household》2009,7(2):189-218
This study attempts to evaluate the relative impacts of parents, siblings, and classmates on youth smoking by employing longitudinal
data from the Waterloo Smoking Prevention Program (WSPP), a chronicle of smoking habits of students enrolled in various high
schools in South Western Ontario, between 1993 and 1996. The empirical results reveal household and classmate smoking to be
significant determinants of individual smoking participation as well as daily smoking. Specifically, an increase in the proportion
of classmates who admit to smoking and cigarette consumption by an elder sibling, are both significantly correlated with a
higher probability of youth smoking. This is a consistent finding across OLS, within-individual, and IV estimates. Finally,
simple OLS estimates suggest the presence of non-linear effects with respect to classmate smoking.
相似文献
Anindya SenEmail: |
6.
7.
In this paper we consider the issue of the intra-household distribution of welfare directly using a survey measure of self-perceived
economic well-being. We develop a theoretical model of satisfaction within the household for couples. In the empirical analysis
we find that husbands and wives often report different levels of financial satisfaction. The most important correlate of relative
satisfaction within the household is found to be relative income. This is a direct confirmation of the previously implicit
findings and is predicted by our theoretical model.
相似文献
Martin BrowningEmail: |
8.
We analyze how sexual orientation is related to household financial decisions using 2000 US Census data, and find that lesbian
couples pay higher annual mortgages relative to house value than do heterosexual or gay couples. We also estimate that cohabiting
heterosexuals pay more than their married counterparts. We link this homosexual-specific differential to homeowners’ propensity
to save. This differential reflects the gender composition of same-sex households, and their very low fertility, in addition
to the precautionary motives increasing cohabiting couples’ propensity to save relative to married ones. Evidence from retirement
and social security income of older couples exhibits the same pattern of differentials by sexual orientation and cohabiting
status. 相似文献
9.
The effect of health insurance coverage on personal bankruptcy: evidence from the Medicaid expansion
Review of Economics of the Household - This paper investigates the effects of health insurance coverage among low-income people on personal bankruptcies at the county level and the state level,... 相似文献
10.
Resul Cesur Joseph J. Sabia Inas Rashad Kelly Muzhe Yang 《Review of Economics of the Household》2017,15(1):25-51
A growing literature in economics has examined the effect of early childhood health investments on adult human capital formation and labor market outcomes. This study is the first to examine the effect of having been breastfed as an infant on young adult earnings. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), ordinary least squares estimates suggest that breastfeeding is associated with a 10–12 % increase in hourly earnings. However, after ensuring common support on observables via propensity score matching and controlling for unmeasured family level heterogeneity common to siblings via family fixed effects, the estimated associations become much smaller and are statistically indistinguishable from zero. We conclude that the benefits of having been breastfed do not appear to extend to the labor market. 相似文献
11.
Donato KM 《The International migration review》1993,27(4):748-771
"This study uses a new source of data to assess trends and patterns of female migration from Mexico. Data were collected from migrants interviewed in ten Mexican communities from 1987 through 1990, as well as from outmigrants from those communities who were later located in the United States. The first part of the analysis examines changes in migrant behavior throughout the 1980s by estimating trends in the probability of first-time and repeat migration and by assessing the impact of the Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) on these trends.... The study then considers the determinants of female Mexican-U.S. migration by examining whether and how women's recent moves reflect their personal characteristics, the resources in their households, or a process of family reunification." This paper was originally presented at the 1992 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America. 相似文献
12.
Yoo-Mi Chin 《Review of Economics of the Household》2008,6(1):47-64
Becker/Mincer theory of home production was the first to systematically incorporate time in economic models, and the theory
generated much empirical research in a wide variety of areas. However, the direct applications of Becker/Mincer home production
theory in empirical research are scarce because of the innate immeasurability of commodities. In this paper, I recover unobservable
commodities from the cost functions under certain assumptions about production technologies. Then, using the Philippine Bukidnon
panel study of rural households, I test for the core of the Becker model: negative substitution effects between a time-intensive
and a goods-intensive commodity arising from wage increases. The estimates of the structural form as well as the reduced form
relative demand between childcare, which represents a time-intensive commodity, and meal consumption, which represents a goods-intensive
commodity, support the major predictions of the model.
相似文献
Yoo-Mi ChinEmail: |
13.
Fagan AA 《Violence and victims》2003,18(4):445-459
Adolescents face high rates of victimization, yet little is known regarding the criminal consequences of these experiences. Using data from the National Youth Survey, this investigation compared the relative and combined effects of adolescent violent victimization perpetrated by family and nonfamily members on self-reported criminal offending from adolescence to early adulthood. The results demonstrate that both types of violence have an immediate and sustained impact on criminal involvement, although the effect is somewhat stronger for nonfamily victimization, and for both types, the relationship tends to weaken over time. In addition, those experiencing both types of victimization report a higher frequency of offending compared to those experiencing only one type. The findings indicate the need for prevention programs aimed at decreasing the prevalence of adolescent victimization, as well as intervention efforts to help victims from becoming offenders. 相似文献
14.
It is well established that child sexual abuse is a considerable international problem, yet evidence regarding its prevalence in the United Kingdom is extremely sparse, with the most comprehensive study conducted over a decade ago. The aim of this study is to establish a current estimate of the prevalence and nature of child sexual abuse in the United Kingdom, using a sample of female university students. Of the 213 female undergraduate students who completed questionnaires, 28 were sexually abused, giving a prevalence rate of 13.14%. Information was also obtained regarding the nature of the abuse. These results show that a substantial proportion of female students in the United Kingdom, who appear to be coping with tertiary education, have been sexually abused in childhood. The implications regarding the benefits of prevalence rates to health practitioners are discussed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
Marwân-al-Qays Bousmah 《Review of Economics of the Household》2017,15(1):93-113
The present paper examines the relationship between child mortality and fertility at the micro level. We use individual data collected quarterly within the health and demographic surveillance system of the rural community of Niakhar (Fatick, Senegal). Birth histories of 2,884 women born between 1932 and 1961 are analyzed. The determinants of completed fertility are investigated using a standard Poisson Regression Model. The global effect of child mortality on total and net fertility is found to be positive. To our knowledge, this is the first paper to provide evidence for the child survival hypothesis—an effect of child mortality on net fertility—at the micro level. We further identify an inverted-U shaped relationship between child mortality and net fertility. The implication is that health policies aiming at reducing child mortality have indirect effects on desired fertility; yet only a steep decrease in child mortality would be likely to trigger fertility declines. 相似文献
16.
This article examines taste clusters of musical preferences and substance use among adolescents and young adults. Three analytic levels are considered: fixed effects analyses of aggregate listening patterns and substance use in US radio markets, logistic regressions of individual genre preferences and drug use from a nationally representative survey of US youth, and arrest and seizure data from a large American concert venue. A consistent picture emerges from all three levels: rock music is positively associated with substance use, with some substance‐specific variability across rock sub‐genres. Hip hop music is also associated with higher use, while pop and religious music are associated with lower use. These results are robust to fixed effects models that account for changes over time in radio markets, a comprehensive battery of controls in the individual‐level survey, and concert data establishing the co‐occurrence of substance use and music listening in the same place and time. The results affirm a rich tradition of qualitative and experimental studies, demonstrating how symbolic boundaries are simultaneously drawn around music and drugs. 相似文献
17.
Lester D 《Journal of divorce & remarriage》1993,19(1-2):229-231
The impact of war on marriage, divorce, and birth rates in the United States from 1933 to 1986 is explored. The author concludes that "the involvement of the nation in military activities was accompanied by a decrease in marriage and birth rates but not by any change in divorce rates. Mobilization of the armed forces and demobilization had no discernible impact on divorce, marriage or birth rates." 相似文献
18.
Using Mexico’s 2002 wave of the Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares (ENIGH), we find that international remittances raise health care expenditures. Approximately 6 pesos of every 100 peso increment
in remittance income are spent on health. The sensitivity of health care expenditures to variations in the level of international
remittances is almost three times greater than their sensitivity to changes in other sources of household income. Furthermore,
health care expenditures are less responsive to remittance income among lower-income households. Since the lower responsiveness
may be partially due to participation of lower-income households in public programs like PROGRESA (now called Oportunidades), we also analyze the impact of remittances by health care coverage. As expected, we find that households with some kind
of health care coverage—either through their jobs or via participation in PROGRESA—spend less of remittance income increments
on health care than households lacking any health care coverage. Hence, remittances may help equalize health care expenditures
across households with and without health care coverage. 相似文献
19.
This paper investigates the effect of changes in macroeconomic conditions on time allocation to children among mothers and fathers in the US. The study relies on 2003–2013 American Time Use Survey (ATUS) data. Accounting for a variety of personal demographic characteristics, as well as state and year fixed effects, we find that an increase in state-level unemployment rates is associated with an increase in enriching child–father time in families with small children (ages 0–4). However, there is heterogeneity in results by race, education and marital status, with results being statistically significant for white, married and college-educated fathers. Additionally, we find some evidence that an increase in unemployment rates is also associated with an increase in primary childcare for fathers in families with small children, as well as some declines in total time that fathers spend with older children. In contrast to this result, we find that mothers’ total time with children, as well as primary childcare time, is invariant to macroeconomic fluctuations in the labor market, however, as the unemployment rate goes up we do observe small declines in enriching time that white mothers in families with small children devote to enriching activities. 相似文献
20.
Roger Waldinger 《Theory and Society》2014,43(5):483-511
Reacting to migrants’ many, ongoing involvements with their home communities, sending states have increasingly adopted policies designed to resolve the problems of citizens living abroad and to respond to expatriates’ search for engagement, doing so in ways that best meet home state leaders’ goals. This article seeks to understand the factors shaping this interaction between sending states and emigrants abroad by studying two contrasting aspects of the Mexican experience—expatriate voting, a relatively new development, and provision of the matrícula consular, a long-standing component of traditional consular services, though one that has recently been transformed. Focusing on the complex set of interactions linking migrants, sending states, and receiving states, the article identifies the key differences and similarities between these two policies. Both policies suffered from a capacity deficit inherent in sending state efforts to connect with nationals living in a territory that the home country cannot control; both also generated conflict over membership and rights. Nonetheless, Mexico’s efforts to resolve the immigrants’ identification problems in the receiving society proved useful to millions; by contrast, a tiny proportion of emigrants took advantage of the first opportunity to vote from abroad. These diverging experiences demonstrate that sending states can exercise influence when intervening on the receiving society side, where the embeddedness of the immigrant population provides a source of leverage. By contrast, the search to re-engage the emigrants back home encounters greater difficulties and yields poorer results, as the emigrants’ extra-territorial status impedes the effort to sustain the connection to the people and places left behind. In the end, the article shows that extension to the territory of another state yields far more constraints than those found on home soil as well as unpredictable reactions from receiving states and their peoples, not to speak of nationals who no longer perceive the migrants as full members of the society they left. 相似文献